Abstract: A computer-implemented method and system for secure user authentication in electronic commerce involves maintaining electronic information having a first aspect that is accessible over a first electronic communication channel in response to entry of a first credential known to the user and a second aspect that is accessible by the user over the first electronic communication channel in response to entry of a second credential provided to the user at a pre-registered delivery address on a second electronic communication channel.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method and system for secure user authentication in electronic commerce involves maintaining electronic information having a first aspect that is accessible over a first electronic communication channel in response to entry of a first credential known to the user and a second aspect that is accessible by the user over the first electronic communication channel in response to entry of a second credential provided to the user at a pre-registered delivery address on a second electronic communication channel.

Abstract: A pneumatic powder collector for determining the transfer efficiency of a powder spray system comprises a funnel for directing powder into a sealed collection chamber. A vacuum is drawn on this chamber by an air flow amplifier having an air flow inlet open to the chamber and an exhaust open to atmosphere. Contained within the chamber there is an air permeable powder collection bag having an inlet open to the funnel so that air entrained powder drawn into the funnel is collected in the bag. The amount of vacuum drawn on the chamber is controlled by a pressure regulator through which high pressure air is supplied to the air flow amplifier so that the vacuum is just sufficient to pull all powder sprayed by a spray gun of the spray system into the chamber without increasing the flow of powder from the gun.