Abstract: An interchangeable button system along with methods for its use and manufacture are disclosed. An interchangeable button system according to embodiments includes a base and a button. The base may comprise an attachment point for attaching the base to a piece of furniture and a fastener opposite the attachment point. The button may comprise a button base and a fastener. The base may be attached to a piece of furniture using the attachment point and a button may be removeably coupled to the base using the fasteners such that different buttons may be interchangeably coupled to the same affixed base. These different buttons may, for example, have buttons that are of different shapes or sizes, are covered with different upholstery, made from a material that may be left uncovered or that may differ from one another in some other type of aesthetic or functional manner.

Abstract: Compositions, methods and systems involving nitrate compounds are disclosed and described. A method of dissolving a nitrate compound having an additive can comprise dissolving the nitrate compound to form an aqueous nitrate solution and adding a surfactant to the aqueous nitrate solution, where the surfactant disperses the additive.

Abstract: Compositions, methods and systems involving nitrate compounds are disclosed and described. A method of dissolving a nitrate compound having an additive can comprise dissolving the nitrate compound to form an aqueous nitrate solution and adding a surfactant to the aqueous nitrate solution, where the surfactant disperses the additive.

Abstract: A spacecraft is described which uses a magnetic field source to generate a shield magnetic field to protect the spacecraft from energetic charged particles. The field may be perturbed to increase the effectiveness of the protection. Injection of material into the shield cavity to enhance the local plasma density may also be used.

Abstract: A spacecraft is described which uses a magnetic field source to generate a shield magnetic field to protect the spacecraft from energetic charged particles. The field may be perturbed to increase the effectiveness of the protection. Injection of material into the shield cavity to enhance the local plasma density may also be used.

Abstract: A recumbent bike is disclosed that has a larger portion of its crank cycle, compared with conventional approaches, in which a relatively high level of power can be inputted. Consequently, potential exists for a user to experience a high cardiovascular load with less fatigue or other muscular difficulties. Improvements over conventional approaches are achieved, among other things, through enhanced seat positioning relative to the crank axis of the bike.

Abstract: The formation of dust particle agglomerates within a plasma reactor is controlled through adjustment of the ratio of the temperatures of two particle species within the plasma. Adjustment of the ratio of temperatures is achieved by means of one or more temperature control devices which alter the temperature of one particle species with respect to the temperature of a second particle species. The temperature of a neutral particle species may be adjusted with respect to the temperature of dust particles present within the plasma by heating or cooling the neutral gas supplied to the plasma chamber. Alternatively, the temperature of the dust particles may be raised or lowered with respect to the neutral gas particles by heating or cooling the substrate from which the dust particles emerge.