Abstract: A source of red light includes a double-bore capillary tube having a pair of ends and a convoluted shape. A pair of electrodes is located at one end of the capillary tube and disposed within respective bores. An ionizable medium is enclosed within the capillary tube and includes neon at a pressure from about 300 to 600 torr. When energized, the ionizable medium generates an arc discharge between the electrodes consisting primarily of radiation in the range of from 590 to 670 nanometers. An outer jacket of vitreous material may surround the capillary tube and contain an inert gas (e.g., nitrogen) at a predetermined pressure.

Abstract: A miniature, low-wattage fluorescent lamp includes a double-bore inner capillary tube having a pair of ends and a convoluted shape. The inner capillary tube is comprised of a vitreous material (e.g., quartz) which is capable of transmitting ultraviolet radiation. A pair of electrodes (e.g., mercury pool) is located at one end of the inner capillary tube and disposed within respective bores. An ionizable medium is enclosed within the inner capillary tube and includes an inert starting gas and a quantity of mercury. When energized, the ionizable medium generates an arc discharge between the electrodes consisting of ultraviolet radiation. A phosphor coating responsive to the ultraviolet radiation is disposed on an outer surface of the inner capillary tube and remote from the arc discharge. An outer jacket of vitreous material surrounds the inner capillary tube and contains an inert gas at a predetermined pressure.

Abstract: A lighting lens having a multiplicity of lenticules is disclosed, and in particular the use of aspherical lenticules is disclosed. The lenticules are of two or more standard types, each type being defined be a different cross sectional curvature. The different lenticle types are distributed across one side of the lens in an intermixed pattern. By selecting two standard lenticule types, and determining a weighted ratio, a lens for a desired lighting pattern may be made without having to specifically design the individual lenticules, or the particular lenticle arrangement.

Abstract: A method of making a lighting lens having a multiplicity of lenticules is disclosed, and in particular a method using spherical and aspherical lenticules is disclosed. The lenticules are of two or more standard types, each of which produce a characteristic beam pattern. By selecting two standard lenticule types, and determining a weighted ratio, a lens for a desired lighting pattern may be made without having to specifically design the individual lenticules, or the particular lenticule arrangement. In particular, separate sample lens, each with a sample of a particular lenticule type, may be formed to produce characteristic sample beam patterns. By forming a first sample lens with gaps between the lenticules, and forming a second sample lens with lenticules and gaps complementarily positioned with respect to the first sample lens, the first and second patterns may be intermeshed in a finale design, having the combined beam patterns. A weighted averaging process may also may be followed.

Abstract: A lighting lens having a multiplicity of lenticules is disclosed, and in particular the use of aspherical lenticules is disclosed. The lenticules are of two or more standard types, each type being defined be a different cross sectional curvature. The different lenticle types are distributed across one side of the lens in an intermixed pattern. By selecting two standard lenticule types, and determining a weighted ratio, a lens for a desired lighting pattern may be made without having to specifically design the individual lenticules, or the particular lenticle arrangement.

Abstract: A lamp combination wherein the reflector's reflective surface is of a shape specifically designed to compensate for the refractive effects produced by the thickness of the glass walls of the light source's envelope structure located within (surrounded by) the reflector. Optimum light output is thus assured. A method of making such a lamp is also disclosed.

Abstract: A motor vehicle headlight including a parabolic reflector, a cover secured to the reflector and a lighting capsule located within the reflector. The capsule includes an envelope having a coiled filament located therein and including a substantially cylindrical configuration. Optimum light output is attained by providing the reflector with a short focal length (0.2 inch to about 0.5 inch) and by utilization of a coiled filament structure having a length to diameter ratio of less than about 2:1. The result is a headlight having an overall vertical height of only about two inches and a corresponding frontal area of extremely small size (between 3.0 and 7.5 square inches).

Abstract: A lighting system for a motor vehicle adapted to be mounted in a recess within a front, contoured surface of the motor vehicle and including a light source and reflector means, and a lens assembly. The lens assembly comprises a hollow, enclosed, single piece lens member having a front, clear surface positioned to coincide with the vehicle's front, contoured surface so as to enhance aerodynamic performance of the lighting (and vehicle) system, a rear lensing portion positioned substantially vertically, and side and bottom walls for enclosing the lens member to provide a sealed, dirt-free component.

Abstract: A lamp combination wherein the reflector's reflective surface is of a shape specifically designed to compensate for the refractive effects produced by the thickness of the glass walls of the light source's envelope structure located within (surrounded by) the reflector. Optimum light output is thus assured. A method of making such a lamp is also disclosed.

Abstract: An infrared floodlight assembly designed particularly for security purposes and including a heat-conducting housing, a lens secured to the housing to provide a closure therefor, and a floodlight located within (and surrounded by) the housing. The floodlight combines the use of a tungsten halogen light source and dichroic hot and cold mirrors for directing substantially only infrared radiation toward the assembly's forward lens. Visible radiation is absorbed by the housing's interior wall(s) and, optionally, by a filter located between the floodlight and lens. An optional means may be used within the floodlight to reflect all forward radiation back toward the paraboloidal hot mirror or, alternatively, to reflect only visible radiation in this direction. The dichroic hot and cold mirrors preferably each comprise a glass substrate having multiple layers of titanium dioxide and silicon dioxide thereon.

Abstract: A lens member for use in a motor vehicle and adapted for being mounted in a recess within a front, contoured surface of the motor vehicle. The system especially designed for using the invention includes a plurality of separate lighting modules, each in turn including a light source and reflector means. The lens member comprises a hollow, enclosed, single piece lens element having a front, clear surface positioned to coincide with the vehicle's front, contoured surface so as to enhance aerodynamic performance of the lighting system (as well as the vehicle), a rear lensing portion positioned substantially at a predetermined angle (i.e., 0 to 30 degrees) relative to the front, planar surface of the modules located adjacent thereto, and side and bottom walls for enclosing the lens member to provide a sealed, dirt-free component.

Abstract: A disk-shaped flashlamp unit for use within an indexing means or mechanism associated with a camera. The unit includes several, e.g. ten, electrically-activated flashlamps radially disposed within the unit's plastic, light-transmitting housing. A pair of planar reflectors are utilized for each lamp to reflect the light therefrom through the housing. Light output can be further enhanced by utilization of two additional planar reflective members adjacent each lamp, the four members surrounding the side and bottom portions of the flashlamp's envelope to thereby direct light emitted from the flashlamp in a substantially singular direction through the peripheral region of the plastic housing. The invention's reflectors also assure prevention of sympathetic ignition.

Abstract: An open-ended reflector for being positioned within a camera to provide a controlled pattern of light on a rectangular subject field located at a distance, e.g., five feet, from the camera. The reflector includes three specular reflective surfaces and a fourth surface having a ribbed diffusing region thereon. These four surfaces are oriented in such a manner that the mechanical axis through the reflector's open end will be offset from the reflector's optical axis when viewed from in front of the reflector.

Abstract: A high voltage movie light including a plastic holder, a pair of spaced-apart incandescent lamp units positioned within the holder, and means for electrically connecting the lamp units to an external power source. Each lamp unit comprises a formed glass reflector and a tungsten-halogen lamp located within the reflector and having a planar, dual filament structure therein. The lamp units are positioned within the holder such that the planes occupied by the respective dual filament structures intersect at a predetermined angle, e.g. 90 to 110 degrees, in order that the light output from each unit will be centered on a respective diagonal of the rectangular subject field being illuminated by the movie light. Each unit produces a bimodal intensity distribution, thus further assuring increased illumination levels on the subject field. An incandescent lamp unit suitable for use in the movie light is also disclosed.

Abstract: A movie light including a plastic holder, a pair of spaced-apart incandescent lamp units positioned within the holder, and means for electrically connecting the lamp units to an external power source. Each lamp unit comprises a formed glass reflector which has an internal reflective surface containing three separate diffusing regions, the most diffusing of which is oriented nearest and about the reflector's optical axis. Each unit also includes a low voltage tungsten-halogen lamp located within the reflector and having a planar single filament therein. An incandescent lamp unit suitable for use in the movie light and a reflector for use therewith are also disclosed.