Abstract: A short oxygen delignification method employs a mixing assembly including a mixing chamber having an interior wall which is generally symmetrical about a central longitudinal axis. At least one inlet is used to introduce paper pulp, a basic compound, optional steam and an oxygen-containing gas into the mixing chamber. At least one axial baffle is connected to and extends along the interior wall. At least one transverse baffle is connected to and extends from the interior wall transverse to the axis. A rotatable agitator includes at least one agitator baffle extending transverse to the axis at a location in alignment with a respective transverse baffle. This forms at least one gap between the at least one agitator baffle and the at least one respective transverse baffle. The paper pulp fluid is forced to travel through the at least one gap. A short delignification reaction occurs inside the mixing chamber. Delignified paper pulp fluid leaves the mixing chamber through at least one outlet of the mixing chamber.

Abstract: A short oxygen delignification method employs a mixing assembly including a mixing chamber having an interior wall which is generally symmetrical about a central longitudinal axis. At least one inlet is used to introduce paper pulp, a basic compound, optional steam and an oxygen-containing gas into the mixing chamber. At least one axial baffle is connected to and extends along the interior wall. At least one transverse baffle is connected to and extends from the interior wall transverse to the axis. A rotatable agitator includes at least one agitator baffle extending transverse to the axis at a location in alignment with a respective transverse baffle. This forms at least one gap between the at least one agitator baffle and the at least one respective transverse baffle. The paper pulp fluid is forced to travel through the at least one gap. A short delignification reaction occurs inside the mixing chamber. Delignified paper pulp fluid leaves the mixing chamber through at least one outlet of the mixing chamber.

Abstract: A continuous dynamic mixing assembly includes a mixing chamber having an interior wall which is generally symmetrical about a central longitudinal axis. Flowable material is mixed in the mixing chamber. At least one inlet introduces the flowable material into the mixing chamber. At least one outlet discharges mixed flowable material from the mixing chamber. Axial baffles are connected to and extend along the interior wall for disrupting substantially circumferential material flow in the mixing chamber. Transverse baffles are connected to and extend from the interior wall transverse to the axis along a major dimension of the transverse baffles. A rotatable agitator includes agitator baffles extending transverse to the axis in alignment with respective transverse baffles, which forms gaps between the agitator baffles and the respective transverse baffles. The transverse baffles and the agitator baffles disrupt substantially axial fluid flow inside the mixing chamber while forcing the material through the gaps.

Abstract: A vehicle and method for storing ozone is disclosed. A vehicle made of a water miscible, organic compound of a glycol-containing chemical compound, a tertiary alcohol or a mixture thereof that is capable of receiving and containing ozone is disclosed. The method involves producing ozone gas, introducing the ozone-containing gas into a mixing vessel that contains the aforementioned organic compound, agitating the organic compound in the presence of the ozone-containing gas, wherein the ozone-containing gas is at atmospheric pressure or at a pressure of up to about 150 psig., and releasing the pressure if pressures in excess of atmospheric are used.

Abstract: A vehicle and method for storing ozone is disclosed. A vehicle made of a water miscible, organic compound of a glycol-containing chemical compound, a tertiary alcohol or a mixture thereof that is capable of receiving and containing ozone is disclosed. The method involves producing ozone gas, introducing the ozone-containing gas into a mixing vessel that contains the aforementioned organic compound, agitating the organic compound in the presence of the ozone-containing gas, wherein the ozone-containing gas is at atmospheric pressure or at a pressure of up to about 150 psig., and releasing the pressure if pressures in excess of atmospheric are used.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a continuous dynamic mixing assembly comprising a pump assembly for motivating a fluid material into a mixing chamber and substantially preventing reverse flow of gas and/or fluid material and a continuous dynamic mixing chamber assembly for efficiently treating fluid material, the continuous dynamic mixing chamber comprising a cylindrical inner wall, elongated baffles coaxially extending along the major portion of the length of the inner wall, porous inserts for introducing gas into the mixing chamber and a multibladed agitator.

Abstract: A compact, heavy duty mixer-reactor is described which features a double-stage mixing/reaction chamber, one stage being of wall-baffled design and the other being unbaffled. Said mixer-reactor operates with a unique, two-stage impeller having a different set of coextensive agitator blades within each of said stages. For example, the effective radii of the blades in said unbaffled stage are significantly larger than those of the blades in said baffled stage. In addition, other differences in shape and pitch of the respective sets of agitator blades are provided to give enhanced performance, particularly in mixing and reacting finely divided solids with gases. The subject apparatus delivers outstanding results in terms of expediting thorough mixing and promoting complete reactions between fine solids and gaseous reagents. These results are particularly noteworthy when treating non-Newtonian suspensions of solids and liquids (e.g.

Abstract: Improved mixing equipment of the wall-baffled, cylindrical, mixing-vessel type is provided. The novel baffles employed have a uniform cross-sectional form corresponding generally to a small geometric segment of a circle, the radius of which circle is substantially equal to that of the inner wall of said mixing vessel. A plurality (e.g., 2 to 4) of such baffles mounted at uniformly spaced locations around the periphery of said inner wall are employed together with a concentrically located, multi-bladed impeller capable of providing good axial and radial mixing within said vessel.The subject mixing equipment can deliver outstanding performance in terms of speed and completeness of mixing, as well as economy in power consumption and peak power requirements. Results are especially noteworthy when the equipment is used to mix chemical reagents (gaseous or liquid) with thick, non-Newtonian suspensions of solids and liquids; e.g., wet wood pulps and similar compositions containing fine, fibrous solid matter.

Abstract: A safe continuous process is disclosed for generating superatmospheric pressure mixtures of chlorine and chlorine dioxide, wherein the chlorine dioxide is generated in situ by chemically reducing inorganic chlorates in aqueous sulfuric acid solutions, and most of the chlorine is supplied from a high-pressure external source. The mixed gaseous products contain Cl.sub.2 and ClO.sub.2 in volumetric Cl.sub.2 /ClO.sub.2 ratios of at least 10/1, and preferably between about 11/1 and 99/1, and are ideally suited for direct use in various industrial treatments, notably in the purification and bleaching of wood pulp and the like.

Abstract: A continuous system, process and associated apparatus are disclosed for reacting a gas with a liquid to manufacture a gaseous or liquid product. The preferred system comprises a reactive gas, such as chlorine and an aqueous solution, such as caustic soda, which are continuously combined and reacted under largely superatmospheric pressure and in turbulent cocurrent flow in very compact reactor equipment. Liquid bleach solutions such as aqueous solutions of hypochlorites or hypochlorous acid are among the products of major interest. The main reactor equipment consists of a fluid pressure energized, in-line mixing device followed by a low slip (closely fitted) regenerative turbine pumping unit. The fluid ports in the closely fitted stator elements of said pumping unit should have a radial dimension equal to at least about half that of the vanes.

Abstract: A process and composition especially suited for bleaching wood pulp characterized by the use of hypochlorous acid in combination with chlorine dioxide and/or a nitrogen compound having the characteristic of minimizing fiber degradation and enhancing fiber brightness. The preferred composition is in an aqueous solution adjusted to an optimum pH and is used as a direct replacement for conventional compositions so as to effect substantial savings in the costs of chemicals and energy per ton of bleached pulp.

Abstract: An apparatus for the manufacture of chloride-free hypochlorous acid by hydrolyzing of chlorine with steam, solid-gas stripping of the co-generated hydrochloric acid vapor in a fluidized bed reactor, equilibrium discharge of chloride particulate from the bed of the reactor, selective dissolving of the hypochlorous acid vapor into aqueous product solution in a packed bed absorber, and closed-loop recycling of the stripped product stream.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for the manufacture of chloride-free hypochlorous acid using hydrolyzing of chlorine with steam and water vapor, solid-gas stripping of the co-generated hydrochloric acid vapor in a fluidized bed reactor, equilibrium discharge of chloride particulate from the bed of the reactor, selective dissolving of the hypochlorous acid vapor into aqueous product solution in a packed bed absorber, and closed-loop recycling of the stripped product stream.