Abstract: An on-board oil quality sensor for use in an internal combustion engine formed of a pair of resisitve elements mounted on a common substrate, wherein one of the resistive elements is exposed to the oil for corrosion as the oil contaminants increase and the other resistive element is protectively sealed from the oil contaminants. Both resistive elements are exposed to the oil temperature and are suitable for monitoring by a bridge type circuit to determine the level of corrosive contaminants in the oil.

Abstract: A piezoelectric element energized to exhibit thickness-shear mode vibration is utilized to measure the viscosity of liquids. Electrodes, of an inert material are bonded to the major faces of the disc shaped crystal and are of a lesser diameter than the crystal surfaces so as to provide a concentric ring area of the crystal that is unenergized.

Abstract: This specification discloses a process for treatment of exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine. The process has the following general steps. A hydrocarbon fuel is burned in an internal combustion engine to generate exhaust gases containing various amounts of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and oxides of nitrogen. The generated exhaust gases are passed over an improved catalyst system characterized as follows. The catalyst system has a support medium for supporting the same. The support medium has both an upstream support portion over which exhaust gases initially flow and a downstream support portion over which exhaust gases flow after passing over the upstream support portion thereof. Finely divided palladium is dispersed by itself on the upstream support portion of the support medium. The downstream support portion of the support medium has a platinum/rhodium three-way catalyst thereon.