Abstract: Disclosed is a focal balloon having at least one reference zone and a focal zone. In one embodiment, the reference zone and focal zone are inflatable to a first generally cylindrical profile at a first pressure. At a second, greater pressure, the focal section expands to a second, greater diameter, while the reference zone remains substantially at the first diameter. In an alternate embodiment, the focal zone and the reference zone are inflatable to their respective predetermined diameters at the inflation pressure, in the absence of constricting lesions or anatomical structures. Both balloons may be utilized to conduct interactive angioplasty to provide real-time feedback about the morphology of the lesion, and both balloons may be utilized to implant or size intravascular stents.

Abstract: Disclosed is a tuvular sheath which is adapted to fit coaxially over an inflatable balloon. The sheath functions to alter the expansion characteristics of the balloon. In one preferred embodiment, the sheath converts the inflation profile of a dilatation balloon from a compliant mode to a noncompliant mode. Advantageously, the balloon sheath may be used in stent placement procedures, to accurately size the stent within a body lumen, while providing protection against balloon rupture. In one embodiment, the balloon sheath comprises a two-layered tubular structure, with an outer elastic layer surrounding an inner inelastic layer. Also disclosed are methods of altering the expansion characteristics of a balloon using the balloon sheath.

Abstract: Disclosed is a focal balloon having at least one reference zone and a focal zone. In one embodiment, the reference zone and focal zone are inflatable to a first generally cylindrical profile at a first pressure. At a second, greater pressure, the focal section expands to a second, greater diameter, while the reference zone remains substantially at the first diameter. In an alternate embodiment, the focal zone and the reference zone are inflatable to their respective predetermined diameters at the inflation pressure, in the absence of constricting lesions or anatomical structures. Both balloons may be utilized to conduct interactive angioplasty to provide real-time feedback about the morphology of the lesion, and both balloons may be utilized to implant or size intravascular stents.

Abstract: An endoscope comprising an elongated endoscope body having a proximal end and a distal end. The endoscope body is sized and adapted for insertion into an interior body region of a patient. Optical components are carried by the endoscope body to enable viewing of the interior body region of the patient. The endoscope body has an outer surface which defines a groove having a portion which extends distally of the endoscope body.