Abstract: Optical data storage media for bit-wise recording of a microhologram using an incident radiation at a wavelength of about 405 nm are provided. The optical storage medium includes (a) a non-photopolymer polymer matrix; (b) a non-linear sensitizer comprising a phenylethynyl platinum complex, wherein the non-linear sensitizer is capable of triplet-triplet energy transfer from an upper triplet state (Tn) of the non-linear sensitizer to a lower triplet state (T1) of a reactant, wherein “n” is an integer greater than 1; and (c) a reactant capable of undergoing a chemical change upon the triplet-triplet energy transfer from the non-linear sensitizer, thereby causing a refractive index change in the medium to record the microhologram.

Abstract: A method for recovering carbon dioxide (CO2) from a gas stream is disclosed. The method includes the step of reacting CO2 in the gas stream with fine droplets of a liquid absorbent, so as to form a solid material in which the CO2 is bound. The solid material is then transported to a desorption site, where it is heated, to release substantially pure CO2 gas. The CO2 gas can then be collected and used or transported in any desired way. A related apparatus for recovering carbon dioxide (CO2) from a gas stream is also described herein.

Abstract: A power generation system includes a fuel cell including an anode that generates a tail gas. The system also includes a hydrocarbon fuel reforming system that mixes a hydrocarbon fuel with the fuel cell tail gas and to convert the hydrocarbon fuel and fuel tail gas into a reformed fuel stream including CO2. The reforming system further splits the reformed fuel stream into a first portion and a second portion. The system further includes a CO2 removal system coupled in flow communication with the reforming system. The system also includes a first reformed fuel path coupled to the reforming system. The first path channels the first portion of the reformed fuel stream to an anode inlet. The system further includes a second reformed fuel path coupled to the reforming system. The second path channels the second portion of the reformed fuel stream to the CO2 removal system.

Abstract: There are provided compositions, optical data storage media and methods of using the optical data storage media. The compositions comprise a non-linear sensitizer comprising one or more subphthalocyanine reverse saturable absorbers capable of absorbing actinic radiation to cause upper triplet energy transfer to a reactant that undergoes a photochemical change upon triplet excitation.

Abstract: A method for forming carbon dioxide from a gas stream, comprising chemically reacting carbon dioxide in a gas stream with a liquid phase-changing sorbent to form a solid reaction product, wherein the solid reaction product is in the form of a dry solid, a wet solid, a slurry or a fine suspension, storing the solid reaction product and heating the solid reaction product to form carbon dioxide gas and the liquid phase-changing sorbent.

Abstract: A method of affecting soot particulate size in an internal combustion engine exhaust by selectively providing a phosphorous based additive to the engine during combustion. Soot particulate size can be increased or decreased depending on the particular additive provided. Also disclosed in a conditioning effect experienced by using a phosphorous based additive for a period of time. A conditioned engine can also have its exhaust properties affected during the life of its conditioned state. Manipulating particle size during engine operation can employ an oligomeric phosphorous compound. Engine conditioning can employ a monomeric phosphorous containing compound, an oligomeric phosphorous containing compound, a polymeric phosphorous containing compound, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide absorbent is disclosed. The absorbent compostion contains a liquid, non-aqueous, silicon-based material, functionalized with one or more groups that reversibly react with CO2 and/or have a high-affinity for CO2; and at least one amino alcohol compound. A method for reducing the amount of carbon dioxide in a process stream is also described. The method includes the step of contacting the stream with the carbon dioxide absorbent composition. A power plant that includes a carbon dioxide removal unit based on the carbon dioxide absorbent is also described.

Abstract: A sulfur-containing cycloaliphatic compound, useful as a crosslinker for filled sulfur-vulcanizable elastomer compositions, is represented by the general formula: G[—CaH2a—S—S(?O)b—R]n wherein G is a saturated, monocyclic aliphatic group of valence n containing from 5 to 12 carbon atoms and optionally containing at least one halogen or a saturated monocyclic silicone [RSiO—]n[R2SiO—]p group of valence n; each R independently is a monovalent hydrocarbon of up to 20 carbon atoms; each occurrence of subscripts a and b independently is an integer wherein a is 2 to 6 and b is 1 or 2; n is an integer of from 3 to 6; and p is an integer of from 0 to 3.

Abstract: A composite material having exposed nanofibers is prepared by dividing a polymer nanofiber matrix into sections. A portion of a polymeric substrate material is removed to expose lengths of nanofibers that together can act as a nanoadhesive.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide absorbent composition is described, including (i) a liquid, nonaqueous silicon-based material, functionalized with one or more groups that either reversibly react with CO2 or have a high-affinity for CO2; and (ii) a hydroxy-containing solvent that is capable of dissolving both the silicon-based material and a reaction product of the silicon-based material and CO2. The absorbent may be utilized in methods to reduce carbon dioxide in an exhaust gas, and finds particular utility in power plants.

Abstract: Optical data storage media for bit-wise recording of a microhologram using an incident radiation at a wavelength of about 405 nm are provided. The optical storage medium includes (a) a non-photopolymer polymer matrix; (b) a non-linear sensitizer comprising a phenylethynyl platinum complex, wherein the non-linear sensitizer is capable of triplet-triplet energy transfer from an upper triplet state (Tn) of the non-linear sensitizer to a lower triplet state (T1) of a reactant, wherein “n” is an integer greater than 1; and (c) a reactant capable of undergoing a chemical change upon the triplet-triplet energy transfer from the non-linear sensitizer, thereby causing a refractive index change in the medium to record the microhologram.

Abstract: The invention relates to a polymer comprising structural units of formula and formula wherein R1, R2, R5 and R6 are independently hydrogen, a methyl group, or —COOH, only one of R1 and R2 or R5 and R6 is —COOH; R3 and R7 are independently hydrogen, or a methyl group; R4 is —COOH, —CONH2 or —OH, when R4 is —OH, R1, R2 and R3 are respectively hydrogen; and R8 is —COO, —CONH, or —O—, when R8 is —O—, R5, R6 and R7 are respectively hydrogen. Methods for preparing and using the polymer are also described herein.

Abstract: There are provided optical data storage media and methods of optical data storage using the same. The optical data storage media comprises a non-linear sensitizer capable of absorbing actinic radiation to cause upper triplet energy transfer to a reactant that undergoes change upon triplet excitation. The refractive index change (?n) of the medium is at least about 0.005, or even at least about 0.05.

Abstract: There are provided compositions, optical data storage media and methods of using the optical data storage. The compositions comprise a non-linear sensitizer comprising one or more platinum ethynyl complexes capable of absorbing actinic radiation to cause upper triplet energy transfer to a reactant that undergoes a photochemical change upon triplet excitation.

Abstract: A heat sink is used to absorb heat produced by a vehicle. The heat sink uses an endothermic catalytic alcohol dehydrogenation reaction to assist with the absorption of excess heat produced in the electronics of the vehicle. In some embodiments, the alcohol can be pre-heated by absorbing heat from various components of the vehicle. Excess heat from the various components or from the vehicle engine can be used to vaporize the reaction fluids in order to further absorb additional heat. Reaction fluids can also be sent to the vehicle's engine/burner for use as a supplemental fuel.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a system for recovering carbon dioxide can comprises: a reaction chamber having a first pressure and comprising a gas stream inlet; a phase-changing liquid sorbent, wherein the liquid sorbent is chemical reactive with carbon dioxide to form a solid material; a regeneration unit to decompose the solid material to released carbon dioxide gas and regenerated liquid sorbent; and a dry transport mechanism configured to transport the solid material from the reaction chamber at the first pressure to the regeneration unit at a second higher pressure. In one embodiment, a method of recovering carbon dioxide from a gas stream, comprises: chemically reacting carbon dioxide with a liquid sorbent to form a solid material; without adding a carrier fluid, dry pressurizing and transporting the solid material, to a regeneration unit; and heating the solid material in the regeneration unit to decompose the solid material to carbon dioxide gas and regenerated liquid sorbent.

Abstract: A composition is provided for use with an unsaturated elastomer. The composition may include a sulfur-functional linear polyorganosiloxane. The sulfur-functional linear polyorganosiloxane may include a chemically protected sulfur group. Under certain conditions, the sulfur group may react with the unsaturated elastomer. The invention includes embodiments that may relate to methods of making and using the sulfur-functional linear polyorganosiloxane in elastomer compositions.

Abstract: In accordance with one aspect, the present invention provides a composition which contains the amino-siloxane structures I, or III, as described herein. The composition is useful for the capture of carbon dioxide from process streams. In addition, the present invention provides methods of preparing the amino-siloxane composition. Another aspect of the present invention provides methods for reducing the amount of carbon dioxide in a process stream employing the amino-siloxane compositions of the invention, as species which react with carbon dioxide to form an adduct with carbon dioxide.

Abstract: In accordance with one aspect, the present invention provides an amino-siloxane composition comprising at least one of structures I, II, III, IV or V said compositions being useful for the capture of carbon dioxide from gas streams such as power plant flue gases. In addition, the present invention provides methods of preparing the amino-siloxane compositions are provided. Also provided are methods for reducing the amount of carbon dioxide in a process stream employing the amino-siloxane compositions of the invention as species which react with carbon dioxide to form an adduct with carbon dioxide. The reaction of the amino-siloxane compositions provided by the present invention with carbon dioxide is reversible and thus, the method provides for multicycle use of said compositions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a jet fuel composition for reducing particulate emission in the exhaust from jet engines. The composition includes an aliphatic additive having a boiling point ranging from about 230° C. to about 310° C.