Abstract: An array antenna includes at least two antenna elements that are axially-aligned and axially-spaced. Polarization diversity is provided by at least one driven antenna element that provides horizontal and vertical polarizations. The driven element includes one or more feed points for the horizontal polarization and one or more feed points for the vertical polarization. A switching circuit is configured to switch between the one or more feed points to alternately provide the horizontal and vertical polarizations.

Abstract: An array antenna includes at least two antenna elements that are axially-aligned and axially-spaced. Polarization diversity is provided by at least one driven antenna element that provides horizontal and vertical polarizations. The driven element includes one or more feed points for the horizontal polarization and one or more feed points for the vertical polarization. A switching circuit is configured to switch between the one or more feed points to alternately provide the horizontal and vertical polarizations.

Abstract: A method of transmitting speech signals with reduced bandwith requirements. With this invention an original speech signal is first converted to a textual representation, and a facsimile of the original speech is determined from the textual representation. Then a minimum error turn is derived from the difference between the original speech signal and the facsimile of the original speech signal. The minimum error turn is then compressed, and it is this compressed minimum error turn, along with the textual representation, that is transmitted on the communications medium. At the receiving end, the textual representation and the difference representation are split through a demultiplexer. The textual representation is then passed through a synthesizer while the difference representation is passed through a mapper.