Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which X is --S--, --O-- or --NH--, R is H or a monovalent substituent, n is 0 or 1 and R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are H, alkyl, alkyl which is substituted by OH, halogen, COOH or alkoxy, unsubstituted or substituted aryl or aralkyl, or carboxyl, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 or R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 together are alkylene or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are a direct bond, at least two of the groups R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 being carboxyl or carboxyalkyl groups, and base addition salts thereof are effective corrosion inhibitors. The preparation of these novel polycarboxylic acids can be effected by various processes.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula I ##STR1## in which X is --S--, --O-- or --NH--, R is H or a monovalent substituent, n is 0 or 1 and R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are H, alkyl, alkyl which is substituted by OH, halogen, COOH or alkoxy, unsubstituted or substituted aryl or aralkyl, or carboxyl, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 or R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 together are alkylene or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are a direct bond, at least two of the groups R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 being carboxyl or carboxyalkyl groups, and base addition salts thereof are effective corrosion inhibitors. The preparation of these novel polycarboxylic acids can be effected by various processes.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition comprising a combustible material containing urethane linkages; and as a smoke and toxic gas suppressant, a polyester which has an acid value below 30 mg KOH/g, preferably below 10 mg KOH/g, and which is derived from:Ia.[A] a component which contains 4 carboxyl groups or anhydride thereof, and which is preferably an aromatic component, orIb. a mixture of [A] and [B]:[B] one or more components which contain 2 to 12, preferably 2 to 4, carboxyl groups or 1 to 6, preferably 1 or 2, carboxylic anhydride groups, selected from:[B.sub.1 ] an aliphatic carboxylic acid compnent containing 2-16 carbon atoms; [[B.sub.2 ] a cyclic non-aromatic carboxylic acid containing 7-17 carbon atoms; and[B.sub.3 ] an aromatic carboxylic acid containing 8-16 carbon atoms; andII.

Abstract: New compounds useful as intermediates for biologically-active compounds have the formula I ##STR1## wherein Y is a group having the formula --CH.sub.2 X in which X is F, Cl, or Br, or Y is a group having the formula ##STR2## in which R.sup.2 is F, Cl or Br and R.sup.3 is H, F, Cl, Br or a group having the formula --CR.sup.4 R.sup.5 R.sup.6, in which R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6, independently, are F, Cl or Br; A is H, OH, SH, F, Cl, Br or a group --OR.sup.7 or --SR.sup.7 in which R.sup.7 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 straight- or branched chain alkyl, C.sub.2-4 straight- or branched chain alkyl substituted with 1 to 3 F, Cl or Br atoms, or A is a group --NR.sup.8 R.sup.9 in which R.sup.8 and R.sup.9, independently, are H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 straight- or branched chain alkyl or C.sub.3 -C.sub.4 alkenyl, or R.sup.8 and R.sup.9 together may form a C.sub.3 -C.sub.7 polymethylene chain, which is optionally interrupted by an oxygen atom; as well as salts of compounds of formula I with acids; provided that: when Y is CH.sub.

Abstract: New anticorrosive compositions comprise:(A) an applicational medium selected from (a) surface coatings and (b) wholly or partly aqueous non-coating media,(B) as corrosion inhibitor, an effective corrosion-inhibiting amount of at least one aliphatic or cycloaliphatic mono-, di-, tri- or tetra-carboxylic acid ester or anhydride which is substituted in the aliphatic or cycloaliphatic residue by one or more groups having the formula ##STR1## in which X is oxygen, sulphur or NH; and each R, independently, is hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulphonyl, cycloalkyl, phenyl, alkylphenyl, phenylalkyl, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, --COOH, --COOalkyl or a primary-, secondary- or tertiary amino- or carbamoyl group; or a non-toxic base addition salts of those components (B) which contain free carboxyl group.