Abstract: Certain embodiments of the disclosure provide improved vein closure techniques, such those using radio-frequency radiation. Particular methods include cutting the tip of a catheter. Further examples include locating an incision point by placing a catheter proximate a patient's groin. Yet further examples include sequentially advancing and retracting the catheter during its insertion. Anesthetic may be instilled as the catheter is advanced and retracted. Further embodiments of the disclosure provide improved tumescence fluids, such as those including about 0.1% to about 0.2% lidocaine, about 0.1 to about 1 mg epinephrine per 500 cc of solution, and/or about 10-20 cc of an 8.4% sodium bicarbonate solution per 50 cc of solution. Yet further embodiments provide improved phlebectomy techniques, such as selecting a phlebectomy hook that has the opposite hand of a phlebologist.

Abstract: The present application discloses a method of applying electromagnetic radiation, preferably laser radiation, most preferably at differing wavelengths, to reduce the severity of the symptoms of lipodermatosclerosis, for example. The method can reduce the severity of cutaneous and subcutaneous induration, hyperpigmentation, hyperhidrosis or other fluid weeping from the skin, erythematous, leathery appearance and texture, and associated pain and discomfort. The most preferred method involves non-invasively painting the affected area with an Aura-i laser (532 nm wavelength, generally penetrating the skin at a depth of 3-4 mm) through sapphire cooling disks and with a Lyra-i laser (1064 nm wavelength, generally penetrating the skin more deeply, such as at a depth of 6-7 mm) also through sapphire cooling disks. The method preferably involves at least three such painting applications separated by two to six, and preferably four, week intervals.