Abstract: A substrate bias generator is controlled by a comparison circuit to regulate current through depletion devices in a MOS integrated circuit containing a plurality of given depletion devices having a given size and a given pinch-off voltage characteristic on a common substrate. The substrate bias generator is coupled to the substrate for pumping the substrate negatively to lower the effective pinch-off voltage of the given depletion devices, and thereby decrease the current through the given depletion devices. One of the given depletion devices has its source and gate connected to a first node. A reference device is connected to a second node for defining a reference voltage at the second node. The comparison circuit is connected to the first and second nodes for comparing the respective voltages at the first and second nodes and for providing a control signal when the voltage at the first node is not greater than the voltage at the second node.

Abstract: Threshold voltage regulation of field-effect transistors on a common substrate of an integrated circuit is achieved by adjusting the back bias on the substrate using a charge pump that is selectively operated whenever the threshold voltage of a designated enhancement mode FET falls below a reference voltage. A voltage divider provides the reference voltage that is applied to the gate of the enhancement mode FET, which when turned-on enables the charge pump.

Abstract: The invention disclosed herein is a high performance inverter circuit using MOSFETs having varying threshold voltages produced by selectively varying ion implantation doses in the channels of the MOSFETs and using a slightly depletion type MOSFET, rather than a conventional depletion type, in the output stage.

Abstract: A tool designed to fit into the breech end of an artillery piece to engage he rim of a ruptured cartridge case and to cause extraction of the cartridge case, comprising, a tubular housing having mounted on one end expandable jaws which act as a clutch head, a rod coaxially disposed within the tubular housing and having a cone on one end for camming said jaws outwardly to engage the cartridge rim and a strong back coupled to the tubular housing and through which the extraction force is applied.