Abstract: Methods of drilling well bores using an invertible oil external-water internal emulsion drilling fluid and then inverting the drilling fluid to a water external-oil internal emulsion are provided. The methods basically comprise the steps of contacting the oil external-water internal emulsion with an aqueous acid solution containing an anionic sulfonate surfactant for preventing aqueous acid solution-crude oil emulsions and crude oil sludging and a chemical for preventing the anionic sulfonate surfactant from reacting with the emulsifier in the oil external-water internal emulsion.

Abstract: Improved methods and compositions for treating subterranean formations penetrated by well bores are provided. A method of the invention for fracturing a subterranean formation comprises the steps of preparing a gelled hydrocarbon fracturing fluid comprised of a hydrocarbon liquid, a ferric iron or aluminum polyvalent metal salt of a phosphonic acid ester, a proppant material, water and a delayed gel breaker, and then contacting the subterranean formation with the gelled liquid hydrocarbon fracturing fluid under conditions effective to create at least one fracture in the subterranean formation.

Abstract: Improved methods and compositions for treating subterranean formations penetrated by well bores are provided. A method of the invention for fracturing a subterranean formation comprises the steps of preparing a gelled hydrocarbon fracturing fluid comprised of a hydrocarbon liquid, a ferric iron or aluminum polyvalent metal salt of a phosphonic acid ester, a proppant material, water and a delayed gel breaker, and then contacting the subterranean formation with the gelled liquid hydrocarbon fracturing fluid under conditions effective to create at least one fracture in the subterranean formation.

Abstract: Improved methods and compositions for treating subterranean formations penetrated by well bores are provided. A method for breaking a gelled hydrocarbon fluid comprised of a hydrocarbon liquid, a ferric iron or aluminum polyvalent metal salt of a phosphonic or phosphoric acid ester is provided.

Abstract: A braided tubular article (FIG. 1) comprises a tubular form of helically braided yarns to which is coupled a plurality of spaced axially extending restraining elements, conveniently as warp elements braided with the tubular form. The yarns are braided with a small helix pitch that permits the tubular form to be extended axially and contract radially onto a substrate as a protective sleeve. The warp elements are essentially inextensible and frictional coupling between then and the braid yarns inhibits extension of the article, permitting it to be handled and passed over a substrate before applying a deliberate extension force to overcome the friction and contract it into the substrate. The restraining elements may be other than branded warp elements and the extension-inhibiting coupling may be a disruptable bond instead of, or supplementing, friction. Frictionally acting warp elements permit the extended article to assume a bent form in one or more directions.

Abstract: A full function skid control valve assembly for use in an air brake system which provides for brake control utilizing a compact single assembly. The system provides for the maintenance of certain minimum operating pressures so that, when the air pressure within the vehicle brake system falls below predetermined levels, the valve assembly automatically partially or entirely exhausts the air pressure sometimes causing the spring parking brakes to engage. Once the air pressure within the brake system returns to predetermined levels, the valve assembly will allow a reservoir to be charged and the spring brakes to be deactuated. During operation, the assembly provides control of the service brakes while preventing undesired skid conditions.

Abstract: A full function skid control valve assembly for use in an air brake system which provides for brake control utilizing a compact single assembly. The system provides for the maintenance of certain minimum operating pressures so that, when the air pressure within the vehicle brake system falls below predetermined levels, the valve assembly automatically partially or entirely exhausts the air pressure sometimes causing the spring parking brakes to engage. Once the air pressure within the brake system returns to predetermined levels, the valve assembly will allow a reservoir to be charged and the spring brakes to be deactuated. During operation, the assembly provides control of the service brakes while preventing undesired skid conditions.

Abstract: A full function skid control valve assembly for use in an air brake system which provides for brake control utilizing a compact single assembly. The system provides for the maintenance of certain minimum operating pressures so that, when the air pressure within the vehicle brake system falls below predetermined levels, the valve assembly automatically partially or entirely exhausts the air pressure sometimes causing the spring parking brakes to engage. Once the air pressure within the brake system returns to predetermined levels, the valve assembly will allow a reservoir to be charged and the spring brakes to be deactuated. During operation, the assembly provides control of the service brakes while preventing undesired skid conditions.

Abstract: A method of mass spectrometry and a mass spectrometer for the analysis of a sample, the mass spectrometer comprising means for producing ions from the sample and a magnetic sector for analyzing the ions, wherein the magnetic field of the magnetic sector is generated by passage of a magnet current controlled by a digital control signal representative of a sequence of integers generated by a computer. According to the invention, means are provided for generating the magnet current in exponential relation to the sequence of integers. In contrast to prior spectrometers, the invention provides peak switching and mass selection across the mass range with a constant number of integer steps per mass peak, thereby facilitating the digital selection of any particular mass peak, particularly those at low mass.

Abstract: The invention discloses a process for reducing sludging during acid treatment of an oil well by adding phosphinic acid or a soluble salt thereof and a source of cupric or cuprous ion. The addition of an iodide ion source to this combination aids its effectiveness in stronger acids.

Abstract: According to the present invention, an improved CMOS integrated circuit and an improved method of forming the circuit is provided. The circuit has a first FET device and a second FET device, and at least one performance characteristic of said first and second FET devices varies in the same manner with the variation of at least one performance related process variable condition. Each of said FET devices has an output signal at least one characteristic of which is changed by a change in the performance related variable condition. The first and second FET devices are connected such that the one output characteristic of the second FET device acts in opposition to the one output characteristic of the first FET device to provide a merged output signal representative of the combined effect of the two FET devices.

Abstract: An injector has a single tapered valve controlling fuel flow to a plurality of outlet passages. The entrance to each outlet passage has an orifice surrounded by a raised valve seat. Each valve seat is separated from the other valve seats by a recessed space. The valve pivots as it is displaced from the valve seat to allow fuel flow through the outlet passages, and is constrained against other motion within the injector. The valve seats are clustered beneath the free end of the valve. The orifices are sized to compensate for the unequal lift of the tapered valve from the valve seats.

Abstract: A die assembly (2) which operates in a single stroke, both to draw and to trim a deformable sheet material such as sheet metal including relatively reciprocal upper and lower die sections (10,14) for draw forming a port and a trimming means (26), movable in a direction perpendicular to the relative reciprocal motion of the upper and lower die section (10,14), for cutting away a portion of the drawn material. The die assembly may include a fixed draw punch (18) over which the sheet material is drawn and a draw ring (52) shaped to complement the exterior shape of the draw punch (18) and to telescopically advance over the draw punch (18) during the drawing operation. At the end of the drawing operation, the draw ring (52) is positioned adjacent a trim punch (28) mounted on the lower die section (10).

Abstract: A boron containing burn resistant, low level radiation protection material useful, for example, as a liner for radioactive waste disposal and storage, a component for neutron absorber, and a shield for a neutron source. The material is basically composed of Borax in the range of 25-50%, coal tar in the range of 25-37.5%, with the remainder being an epoxy resin mix. A preferred composition is 50% Borax, 25% coal tar and 25% epoxy resin. The material is not susceptible to burning and is about 1/5 the cost of existing radiation protection material utilized in similar applications.