Abstract: A method of storing and dispensing a fluid includes providing a vessel configured for selective dispensing of the fluid therefrom. A solvent mixture comprising an ionic liquid and a cosolvent is provided within the vessel. The fluid is contacted with the solvent mixture for take-up of the fluid by the solvent mixture. The fluid is released from the ionic liquid and dispensed from the vessel.

Abstract: A method of storing and dispensing a fluid includes providing a vessel configured for selective dispensing of the fluid therefrom. The vessel contains an ionic liquid therein. The fluid is contacted with the ionic liquid for take-up of the fluid by the ionic liquid. There is substantially no chemical change in the ionic liquid and the fluid. The fluid is released from the ionic liquid and dispensed from the vessel.

Abstract: According to the invention, an apparatus to characterize leaks in a fluid storage container is disclosed. The apparatus may include a valve coupler, a gas manifold and a processor. The valve coupler may couple the apparatus with a closed valve on the fluid storage container. The gas manifold may be coupled with the valve coupler and may include a first branch connected with a gas monitoring device. The gas monitoring device may scan for a plurality of gases that may be emitted by the closed valve of the fluid storage container. The processor may be operable to receive gas monitoring device data representing masses for one or more of the plurality of gases detected by the monitor.

Abstract: A method of storing and dispensing a fluid includes providing a vessel configured for selective dispensing of the fluid therefrom. The vessel contains an ionic liquid therein. The fluid is contacted with the ionic liquid for take-up of the fluid by the ionic liquid. There is substantially no chemical change in the ionic liquid and the fluid. The fluid is released from the ionic liquid and dispensed from the vessel.

Abstract: Ionic fluid mixtures are described that include an ionic liquid and a solid-phase material. The ionic liquid and the solid-phase material are selected to convert the solid-phase material into a gas phase material at a temperature that is lower than a conversion of the ionic liquid into a gas phase ionic material. In addition, methods of supplying a gaseous precursor to an application are described. These methods include providing a mixture of an ionic liquid and a solid-phase starting material, heating the mixture to a temperature that vaporizes at least a portion of the solid-phase starting material into the gaseous precursor, and transporting the gaseous precursor from the mixture to the application that utilizes the gaseous precursor.

Abstract: A method of storing and dispensing a fluid includes providing a vessel configured for selective dispensing of the fluid therefrom. The vessel contains an ionic liquid therein. The fluid is contacted with the ionic liquid for take-up of the fluid by the ionic liquid. There is substantially no chemical change in the ionic liquid and the fluid. The fluid is released from the ionic liquid and dispensed from the vessel.

Abstract: A method of storing and dispensing a fluid includes providing a vessel configured for selective dispensing of the fluid therefrom. A solvent mixture comprising an ionic liquid and a cosolvent is provided within the vessel. The fluid is contacted with the solvent mixture for take-up of the fluid by the solvent mixture. The fluid is released from the ionic liquid and dispensed from the vessel.

Abstract: Novel uses and methods of use for inorganic and macroreticulate polymer bonding to metals to control moisture and oxygen in OLED, and other like devices, are provided. Materials having color change capacity are also provided for the removal of moisture from an OLED, where the material changes color upon reaching its capacity and thereby signals the user that the OLED is no longer protected from moisture damage.

Abstract: A method of reducing moisture in a fluorine-containing gas is described. The method may include the steps of providing a purifier material that includes elemental carbon, and flowing the unpurified fluorine-containing gas having an unpurified moisture concentration over or through the carbon-based purifier material. At least a portion of the moisture is captured in the purifier material so that a purified fluorine-containing gas that emerges downstream of the purifier material has a reduced moisture concentration that is about 50% or less of the unpurified moisture concentration.

Abstract: A method of storing and dispensing a fluid includes providing a vessel configured for selective dispensing of the fluid therefrom. A solvent mixture comprising an ionic liquid and a cosolvent is provided within the vessel. The fluid is contacted with the solvent mixture for take-up of the fluid by the solvent mixture. The fluid is released from the ionic liquid and dispensed from the vessel.

Abstract: Novel uses and methods of use for inorganic and macroreticulate polymer bonding to metals to control moisture and oxygen in OLED, and other like devices, are provided. Materials having color change capacity are also provided for the removal of moisture from an OLED, where the material changes color upon reaching its capacity and thereby signals the user that the OLED is no longer protected from moisture damage.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining a leak rate of a gas from a closed valve is disclosed. The apparatus may include a vacuum pump, a pressure measuring device, a monitoring device, and a computer. The vacuum pump may be configured to couple downstream of the closed valve and decrease the pressure of the downstream side of the closed valve. The pressure measuring device may be configured to couple with the downstream side and determine the pressure. The monitoring device may be configured to couple with the downstream side and monitor a gas, where the gas may be emitted from the closed valve and be characterized by a mass. The monitoring device may further be configured to determine the mass. The computer may be configured to control the vacuum pump based on the pressure, and determine the leak rate of the gas based at least in part on the mass.

Abstract: According to the invention, an apparatus to characterize leaks in a fluid storage container is disclosed. The apparatus may include a valve coupler, a gas manifold and a processor. The valve coupler may couple the apparatus with a closed valve on the fluid storage container. The gas manifold may be coupled with the valve coupler and may include a first branch connected with a gas monitoring device. The gas monitoring device may scan for a plurality of gases that may be emitted by the closed valve of the fluid storage container. The processor may be operable to receive gas monitoring device data representing masses for one or more of the plurality of gases detected by the monitor.

Abstract: A fluid purifying apparatus that includes a manifold that includes a first branch and a second branch, a first check valve coupled to the first branch of the manifold, and a purifier unit that includes a first end and a second end, wherein the first end is coupled to the second branch of the manifold. Also, a fluid purifying apparatus that includes a vessel that includes a first interior compartment for containing a purifier material and a second interior compartment for containment of a fluid containing impurities, wherein the first interior compartment is separated from the second interior compartment by a fluid permeable support, and a rupturable seal.

Abstract: A system and method for processing a matrix fluid to remove one or more impurities (such as moisture from a process gas). The purifier includes a pre-cooler that receives the matrix fluid and cools the matrix fluid to a second, lower temperature. A container is provided to contain a purifier element made up of a high surface area material. The container includes an inlet for receiving the matrix fluid from the pre-cooler and an outlet for outputting the matrix fluid after it is forced to flow through the purifier element. The purifier includes a cooler in thermal contact with an outer surface of the container to cool the outer surface of the container to a purifying temperature, which is selected to be below the ambient temperature and above a phase change point of the matrix fluid and is typically in the range of about 0 to ?200° C.

Abstract: A continuous method of producing a process fluid gas from a feed stream that includes the process fluid and impurities. The method includes: (a) providing a first and second vessel, each vessel containing one or more regenerable purifier materials for removing at least one of the impurities from the feed stream; (b) removing at least one of the impurities by passing the feed stream through one or the other of the vessels to provide a purified process fluid gas, with the vessel being maintained at a first temperature during the removal of impurities; and (c) regenerating the purifier materials in the vessels at a second temperature and during the time when it is not purifying the feed stream by flowing a portion of the purified process fluid or the feed stream or a separate source of the process fluid gas therethrough.

Abstract: A fluid purifying apparatus that includes a manifold that includes a first branch and a second branch, a first check valve coupled to the first branch of the manifold, and a purifier unit that includes a first end and a second end, wherein the first end is coupled to the second branch of the manifold. Also, a fluid purifying apparatus that includes a vessel that includes a first interior compartment for containing a purifier material and a second interior compartment for containment of a fluid containing impurities, wherein the first interior compartment is separated from the second interior compartment by a fluid permeable support, and a rupturable seal.

Abstract: Regenerable gas purifier materials are provided capable of reducing the level of contaminants such as oxygen and water in an inert, nonreactive or reactive gas stream to parts-per-billion levels or sub-parts-per-billion levels. The purifier materials of this invention comprise a thin layer of one or more reduced forms of a metal oxide coated on the surface of a nonreactive substrate. The thin layer may further contain the completely reduced form of the metal.

Abstract: Trace impurities such as organic compounds in an inert, non-reactive or reactive liquid such as ammonia, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide, and chlorine are reduced by at least a factor of 5 using liquid purifying systems that contain an ultra-low emission (ULE) carbon. The moisture level of the purified reactive liquid is only slightly higher than that of the contaminated liquid.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus are provided for the delivery of a vapor phase product having a substantially constant impurity level from a liquefied source of said gas to an endpoint. The delivery method includes withdrawing a liquefied gas having a level of impurities from a storage container and delivering the liquefied gas to a vaporization unit where the liquefied gas and the impurities dissolved therein are completely vaporized. The vapor phase product is then delivered to an endpoint. This invention affords the delivery of gases with substantially constant impurity levels throughout the delivery of the liquefied gas. In addition, this invention affords the delivery of the liquefied gas at high vapor phase flow rates for long periods of time and allows substantially complete usage of the contents of the storage container.