Abstract: Methods of manufacturing nano-engineered carbon materials, such as carbon aerogels and carbon xerogels, and methods of manufacturing precursor solutions and sol-gels for making the same are provided. A method for manufacturing a precursor solution comprises programmed-addition of a cross-linking agent to a component mixture comprising a resorcinol compound. A method for manufacturing a sol-gel comprises subjecting a precursor solutions to at least one heat treatment. Methods for producing nano-engineered carbon materials from precursor solutions and sol-gels are also provided. Methods for using the nano-engineered carbon materials are also disclosed. The resulting nano-engineered carbon materials can be useful in a range of products including, supercapacitor applications, high-surface-area electrodes, fuel cells, and desalination systems.

Abstract: Methods of manufacturing nano-engineered carbon materials, such as carbon aerogels and carbon xerogels, and methods of manufacturing precursor solutions and sol-gels for making the same are provided. A method for manufacturing a precursor solution comprises programmed-addition of a cross-linking agent to a component mixture comprising a resorcinol compound. A method for manufacturing a sol-gel comprises subjecting a precursor solutions to at least one heat treatment. Methods for producing nano-engineered carbon materials from precursor solutions and sol-gels are also provided. Methods for using the nano-engineered carbon materials are also disclosed. The resulting nano-engineered carbon materials can be useful in a range of products including, supercapacitor applications, high-surface-area electrodes, fuel cells, and desalination systems.

Abstract: Methods of manufacturing nano-engineered carbon materials, such as carbon aerogels and carbon xerogels, and methods of manufacturing precursor solutions and sol-gels for making the same are provided. A method for manufacturing a precursor solution comprises programmed-addition of a cross-linking agent to a component mixture comprising a resorcinol compound. A method for manufacturing a sol-gel comprises subjecting a precursor solutions to at least one heat treatment. Methods for producing nano-engineered carbon materials from precursor solutions and sol-gels are also provided. Methods for using the nano-engineered carbon materials are also disclosed. The resulting nano-engineered carbon materials can be useful in a range of products including, supercapacitor applications, high-surface-area electrodes, fuel cells, and desalination systems.

Abstract: Methods of manufacturing nano-engineered carbon materials, such as carbon aerogels and carbon xerogels, and methods of manufacturing precursor solutions and sol-gels for making the same are provided. A method for manufacturing a precursor solution comprises programmed-addition of a cross-linking agent to a component mixture comprising a resorcinol compound. A method for manufacturing a sol-gel comprises subjecting a precursor solutions to at least one heat treatment. Methods for producing nano-engineered carbon materials from precursor solutions and sol-gels are also provided. Methods for using the nano-engineered carbon materials are also disclosed. The resulting nano-engineered carbon materials can be useful in a range of products including, supercapacitor applications, high-surface-area electrodes, fuel cells, and desalination systems.

Abstract: Methods of manufacturing nano-engineered carbon materials, such as carbon aerogels and carbon xerogels, and methods of manufacturing precursor solutions and sol-gels for making the same are provided. A method for manufacturing a precursor solution comprises programmed-addition of a cross-linking agent to a component mixture comprising a resorcinol compound. A method for manufacturing a sol-gel comprises subjecting a precursor solutions to at least one heat treatment. Methods for producing nano-engineered carbon materials from precursor solutions and sol-gels are also provided. Methods for using the nano-engineered carbon materials are also disclosed. The resulting nano-engineered carbon materials can be useful in a range of products including, supercapacitor applications, high-surface-area electrodes, fuel cells, and desalination systems.

Abstract: Methods of manufacturing nano-engineered carbon materials, such as carbon aerogels and carbon xerogels, and methods of manufacturing precursor solutions and sol-gels for making the same are provided. A method for manufacturing a precursor solution comprises programmed-addition of a cross-linking agent to a component mixture comprising a resorcinol compound. A method for manufacturing a sol-gel comprises subjecting a precursor solutions to at least one heat treatment. Methods for producing nano-engineered carbon materials from precursor solutions and sol-gels are also provided. Methods for using the nano-engineered carbon materials are also disclosed. The resulting nano-engineered carbon materials can be useful in a range of products including, supercapacitor applications, high-surface-area electrodes, fuel cells, and desalination systems.

Abstract: A method for reducing formaldehyde emission from a fibrous product prepared using a binder based on a formaldehyde-containing resin, the method comprising isolating the fibrous product in an enclosed space, introducing a gaseous formaldehyde scavenger into the space and maintaining the gaseous scavenger in the space for a time sufficient to reduce the level of formaldehyde emission, with the result that the fibrous product exhibits a reduced level of formaldehyde emissions.

Abstract: A method for reducing formaldehyde emission from a fibrous product prepared using a binder based on a formaldehyde-containing resin, the method comprising isolating the fibrous product in an enclosed space, introducing a gaseous formaldehyde scavenger into the space and maintaining the gaseous scavenger in the space for a time sufficient to reduce the level of formaldehyde emission, with the result that the fibrous product exhibits a reduced level of formaldehyde emissions.

Abstract: A procedure for vacuum degassing of a reactor coolant system which basically utilizes existing equipment to degas and refill the coolant system. The level of radiogas and non-radiogas concentration is reduced to low residual levels in less than two hours to expedite shutdown operations. The procedure enhances residual heat removal by using the steam generators as reflux condensers. During draindown of the reactor coolant to the midplane of the reactor vessel outlet nozzles, a two-phase pump is used and a vacuum is established in the vapor space created in the reactor pressure vessel, and the steam generators.

Abstract: The invention provides new N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2-methylthio-1-imidazolidinecarboxamides and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts which are useful as anticonvulsant agents. Also provided are methods for preparing the compounds of the invention, pharmaceutical compositions containing said compounds and methods for using said compositions.

Abstract: Antiviral compositions and methods of inhibiting or inactivating viruses by administering to hosts an effective quantity of an active ingredient are disclosed herein. The active ingredients are those compounds having the formula ##STR1## wherein A is a straight or branched alkylene chain of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and each Y is the group(A) ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each individually selected from hydrogen, lower alkyl of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of from 3 to 6 carbon atoms, alkenyl of from 3 to 6 carbon atoms and having the vinyl unsaturation in other than the 1-position of the alkenyl group; or(B) ##STR3## wherein n is a whole integer of 4, 5 or 6 and R.sup.3 is hydrogen, lower alkyl of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, phenyl or benzyl and can be attached to any one of the carbon atoms of the heterocyclic group; or(C) ##STR4## wherein X is oxygen or N--R.sup.4 and R.sup.

Abstract: Novel 1,5 and 1,8-bis-basic ketones of anthracene useful for the prevention and inhibition of viral infections are prepared by reacting 1,5 and 1,8 bis(.omega.-haloacyl)anthracenes with a secondary amine.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel compounds and pharmaceutical formulations having antiviral activity. The disclosed compounds have the formula ##STR1## wherein one R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom and the other R.sup.2 is the radical ##STR2## A is a straight chain alkylene group having 2 or 3 carbon atoms and each R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 is a hydrogen atom, and alkyl radical having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or each set of R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached is a saturated monocyclic heterocyclic group. Also included are the acid addition salts of these bases. These compounds may be prepared by various methods which are described.

Abstract: The novel bis-basic ketones of fluorene and fluorenone of the present invention have antiviral activity when administered orally and parenterally. These compounds are represented by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein Z is oxygen or H.sub.2 ; each A is a straight or branched alkylene chain having from 1 to about 6 carbon atoms; and each Y isA. the group ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are individually hydrogen, (lower)alkyl having from 1 to about 6 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms, alkenyl of from 3 to 6 carbon atoms and having the vinyl unsaturation in other than the 1-position of the alkenyl group; orB. the group ##STR3## WHEREIN N IS A WHOLE INTEGER FROM 4 TO 6, AND R.sup.3 is hydrogen, (lower)alkyl of 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, phenyl, or benzyl and can be linked to any one of the carbon atoms of the heterocyclic group; orC. the group ##STR4## wherein X is oxygen or NR.sup.4, and R.sup.4 is hydrogen or (lower)alkyl of from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms; orD.

Abstract: Novel 2,7-bis-basic derivatives of fluorene, 9-fluorenol and 9-fluorenone, their preparation and use for the prevention and inhibition of virus infections are disclosed.

Abstract: Compounds useful as antiviral agents are those of the formula ##SPC1##Wherein each R.sup.1 is hydrogen or methyl; each n is an integer of 2 to 4; each of R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is alkyl of 3 to 5 carbon atoms or alkenyl of 3 to 5 carbon atoms; or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt of said base. Pharmaceutical compositions are formed from these compounds with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel compounds and pharmaceutical formulations having antiviral activity. The disclosed compounds have the formula ##SPC1##Wherein one R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom and the other R.sup.2 is the radical ##SPC2##A is a straight chain alkylene group having 2 or 3 carbon atoms and each R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl radical having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or each set of R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached is a saturated monocyclic heterocyclic group. Also included are the acid addition salts of these bases. These compounds may be prepared by various methods which are described.

Abstract: Novel 3,6-bis-basic alkanes of carbazole, their preparation and use for the prevention and inhibition of viral infections are disclosed.

Abstract: Novel bis-basic ketones of xanthene and xanthen-9-one have antiviral activity when administered orally and parenterally. The compounds are represented by the following formula: ##SPC1##Wherein Z is oxygen or H.sub.2 ; each A is a straight or branched alkylene chain having from 1 to about 6 carbon atoms; and each Y isA. the group ##EQU1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are individually hydrogen, lower alkyl having from 1 to about 6 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms, alkenyl of from 3 to 6 carbon atoms and having the vinyl unsaturation in other than the 1-position of the alkenyl group; orB. the group ##EQU2## WHEREIN N IS A WHOLE INTEGER FROM 4 TO 6, AND R.sup.3 is hydrogen, lower alkyl of from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms and can be linked to any one of the carbon atoms of the heterocyclic group; orC. the group ##EQU3## wherein X is oxygen or NR.sup.4, and R.sup.4 is hydrogen or lower alkyl of from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms;Or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof.

Abstract: Novel bis-basic esters and amides of xanthene and xanthone of the formula ##SPC1##Wherein:Z is oxygen or H.sub.2 ; each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is hydrogen, (lower)-alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 3 to 6 ring carbon atoms, alkenyl of 3 to 6 carbon atoms having the vinyl unsaturation in other than the 1-position of the alkenyl group, or each set of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached is pyrrolidino, piperidino, N-(lower)alkylpiperazino, or morpholino;Each A is alkylene of 2 to about 8 carbon atoms and separates its adjacent Y and amino nitrogen by an alkylene chain of at least 2 carbon atoms; and each Y is oxygen, or >N--R wherein R is hydrogen or (lower)-alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms;Or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof. These compounds can be used as pharmaceuticals for preventing or inhibiting a viral infection.