Abstract: Included in the terms of a purchase or lease agreement, particularly pertaining to automobiles, a party having a business relationship with the seller or lessor, or the seller or lessor itself, agrees to provide a policy, including at least collision and/or comprehensive coverage, to a qualified buyer. The insurance coverage protects against losses related to the item being purchased or leased for a predetermined period of time. To be qualified, the purchaser or lessor must reside in a particular geographic region and purchase or lease, for example, a particular make and model of automobile. No further characteristics of the purchaser or lessor axe considered in obtaining the insurance policy. The sale or lease of the item and provision of the insurance policy may fee completed over a computer network, such as the Internet.

Abstract: The ASSET COLLECTIVE REDIRECTION LEVERAGE MULTIPLIER PLATFORM APPARATUSES, METHODS AND SYSTEMS (“ACRLMP”) provide a financial instrument management platform facilitating issuance, transaction, interest payment, and/or analytics of a municipality-based liquidity instrument from municipalities, investors, and sponsors.

Abstract: SYSTEMS (“VSM”) transform insurance renewal requests via VSM components into VSM sticker color display change. A VSM sticker is described, including a Near Field Communication (NFC) chip configured to communicate with a user mobile device for vehicle status information; an energy supply component providing energy supplies; a color layer having a solid color display wherein the displayed color is changeable upon electronic instructions; and a memory storing the vehicle status information and the electronic instructions to change the displayed color of the color layer.

Abstract: Included in the terms of a purchase or lease agreement, particularly pertaining to automobiles, a party having a business relationship with the seller or lessor, or the seller or lessor itself, agrees to provide a policy, including at least collision and/or comprehensive coverage, to a qualified buyer. The insurance coverage protects against losses related to the item being purchased or leased for a predetermined period of time. To be qualified, the purchaser or lessor must reside in a particular geographic region and purchase or lease, for example, a particular make and model of automobile. No further characteristics of the purchaser or lessor are considered in obtaining the insurance policy. The sale or lease of the item and provision of the insurance policy may be completed over a computer network, such as the Internet.

Abstract: A lessee of an item, such as an automobile, is encouraged to either purchase the automobile at the expiration of the lease, or to initiate a new lease for the same item. If the lessee undertakes a purchase or a new lease, a manufacturer of the item, or another party, provides insurance covering the item. The methods disclosed herein may be performed over a computer network, such as the Internet.

Abstract: A lessee of an item, such as an automobile, is encouraged to either purchase the automobile at the expiration of the lease, or to initiate a new lease for the same item. If the lessee undertakes a purchase or a new lease, a manufacturer of the item, or another party, provides insurance covering the item. The methods disclosed herein may be performed over a computer network, such as the Internet.

Abstract: A lessee of an item, such as an automobile, is encouraged to either purchase the automobile at the expiration of the lease, or to initiate a new lease for the same item. If the lessee undertakes a purchase or a new lease, a manufacturer of the item, or another party, provides insurance covering the item. The methods disclosed herein may be performed over a computer network, such as the Internet.

Abstract: A lessee of an item, such as an automobile, is encouraged to either purchase the automobile at the expiration of the lease, or to initiate a new lease for the same item. If the lessee undertakes a purchase or a new lease, a manufacturer of the item, or another party, provides insurance covering the item. The methods disclosed herein may be performed over a computer network, such as the Internet.

Abstract: A lessee of an item, such as an automobile, is encouraged to either purchase the automobile at the expiration of the lease, or to initiate a new lease for the same item. If the lessee undertakes a purchase or a new lease, a manufacturer of the item, or another party, provides insurance covering the item. The methods disclosed herein may be performed over a computer network, such as the Internet.

Abstract: Included in the terms of a purchase or lease agreement, particularly pertaining to automobiles, a party having a business relationship with the seller or lessor, or the seller or lessor itself, agrees to provide a policy, including at least collision and/or comprehensive coverage, to a qualified buyer. The insurance coverage protects against losses related to the item being purchased or leased for a predetermined period of time. To be qualified, the purchaser or lessor must reside in a particular geographic region and purchase or lease, for example, a particular make and model of automobile. No further characteristics of the purchaser or lessor are considered in obtaining the insurance policy. The sale or lease of the item and provision of the insurance policy may be completed over a computer network, such as the Internet.

Abstract: Included in the payment of a financing amount corresponding to a loan or a lease of an item, such as an automobile, is a payment representing a portion of an insurance premium amount for an insurance policy having a term co-extensive with the term of the lease or the loan. The payment may be arranged for or completed over a computer network, such as the Internet.

Abstract: A method for treating the surface of a material to remove an oxide layer formed thereon. The method comprising the step of grinding the surface of the material with a grinding or polishing device having a metal with a melting point of 300° C. or lower impregnated therein.

Abstract: A method for treating the surface of a material to remove an oxide layer formed thereon. The method comprising the step of grinding the surface of the material with a grinding or polishing device having a metal with a melting point of 300° C. or lower impregnated therein.

Abstract: A method of bonding two pieces of metal having a foil or layer of another metal, either of lower melting point or such that it forms a liquid layer at or near to the bonding temperature, disposed therebetween. The method comprises the steps of: bringing the pieces into contact; applying pressure across the area of contact; heating the area of contact; and providing a predetermined temperature gradient across the area of contact.