Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of an alkaline, aqueous coating composition for coating of zinc or zinc alloy coated steel substrates, comprising one or more alkaline sulfates, and one or more alkaline carbonates, wherein the pH of the composition ranges from 9-12. The present invention also defines a method for the non-reactive coating of zinc or zinc alloy coated steel substrates by use of said compositions and further relates to the application of said method as a surrogate for pre-phosphating of zinc or zinc alloy coated steel substrates in industrial applications.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of an alkaline, aqueous coating composition for coating of zinc or zinc alloy coated steel substrates, comprising one or more alkaline sulfates, and one or more alkaline carbonates, wherein the pH of the composition ranges from 9-12. The present invention also defines a method for the non-reactive coating of zinc or zinc alloy coated steel substrates by use of said compositions and further relates to the application of said method as a surrogate for pre-phosphating of zinc or zinc alloy coated steel substrates in industrial applications.

Abstract: Monitoring system for a conveyor of articles (100). The conveyor of articles comprises at least one transport chain (105) adapted to be moved along a movement direction, and a guide structure (132) of the transport chain comprising a lower guide element (135) adapted to support the chain from below and a higher guide element (140) adapted to insist on the chain from above and facing toward the lower guide element. The system comprises at least one first magnetic field generator element (155) located in a first guide element, at least one magnetic field sensor (160) located in a second selected guide element for sensing the magnitude of a measure magnetic field, and processing means (165) for quantifying a reduction of the overall thickness of the chain based on a time variation of the measure magnetic field.

Abstract: Monitoring system for a conveyor of articles (100). The conveyor of articles comprises at least one transport chain (105) adapted to be moved along a movement direction, and a guide structure (132) of the transport chain comprising a lower guide element (135) adapted to support the chain from below and a higher guide element (140) adapted to insist on the chain from above and facing toward the lower guide element. The system comprises at least one first magnetic field generator element (155) located in a first guide element, at least one magnetic field sensor (160) located in a second selected guide element for sensing the magnitude of a measure magnetic field, and processing means (165) for quantifying a reduction of the overall thickness of the chain based on a time variation of the measure magnetic field.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersion of a sulfonated metallizable dye containing(a) based on the total weight at least 10% of the sulfonated metallizable dye and(b) a sulfonated condensation product obtained by reacting an aromatic compound having at least two replaceable ring-positioned hydrogen atoms in any desired order with a compound of the formula ##STR1## in which X is a direct bond or oxygen, Hal is chlorine or bromine and n is 1 to 4, and sulfonation.

Abstract: Concentrated aqueous dye formulations of anionic dyes are prepared from the corresponding crude dye solutions or suspensions, in which the anionic dyes are present as potassium, sodium/potassium or ammonium/potassium mixed salts, by desalinating and concentrating the solutions or suspensions by means of a membrane separation process. Sodium salts of mineral acids or lower organic carboxylic acids are added before or during this process in order to improve the solubility of the dyes and thus the stability of the dye formulations.