Abstract: A calibration material may be used to calibrate an optical sensor to help ensure that the optical sensor produces accurate measurements. In some examples, the calibration material may be used to calibrate both turbidity measurements made by an optical sensor and fluorometric measurements made by the same optical sensor. The calibration material may be an aqueous mixture that includes water in an amount greater than 70 percent by weight of the composition, inorganic, water-insoluble, light-scattering particles, and a viscosity modifier in an amount effective to maintain the inorganic, water-insoluble, light-scattering particles in suspension in the composition. The composition can be non-fluorescing when exposed to ultraviolet light. In addition, in some applications, the composition is formulated of food safe ingredients, allowing the composition to be used in facilities that process consumable foods and beverages.

Abstract: A calibration material may be used to calibrate an optical sensor to help ensure that the optical sensor produces accurate measurements. In some examples, the calibration material may be used to calibrate both turbidity measurements made by an optical sensor and fluorometric measurements made by the same optical sensor. The calibration material may be an aqueous mixture that includes water in an amount greater than 70 percent by weight of the composition, inorganic, water-insoluble, light-scattering particles, and a viscosity modifier in an amount effective to maintain the inorganic, water-insoluble, light-scattering particles in suspension in the composition. The composition can be non-fluorescing when exposed to ultraviolet light. In addition, in some applications, the composition is formulated of food safe ingredients, allowing the composition to be used in facilities that process consumable foods and beverages.

Abstract: Described and claimed is an interchangeable tip-open cell fluorometer comprising a housing and a fluorometric probe tip interchangeably connected to the housing, the probe tip including a probe tip housing defining an open cell and enclosing a probe optical arrangement, the probe optical arrangement including an excitation source and a fluorescence detector wherein the excitation source is aimed directly into the fluorescence detector such that a sample can be fluorometrically detected. Also claimed is a method of using this interchangeable tip-open cell fluorometer for detecting fluorescent signals emitted by one or more fluorophores from samples from a natural or industrial water system. The fluorometer, when coupled with a controller, is capable of monitoring and optionally controlling an industrial process or system.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a porous cementitious product, which method comprises: forming a cementitious premix; casting the premix in a desired configuration; generating gas bubbles within the premix; and curing the premix, wherein gas bubbles are generated and/or collapsed at specific locations within the premix in order to produce a porosity profile along a cross-section of the product such that the product comprises a relatively low density core region and higher density outer regions.

Abstract: A method for monitoring and controlling the concentration of chemicals added to and present in water systems via the use of a solid state fluorometer. Biological materials that exist in water systems are monitored and controlled through the use of a solid state fluorometer.

Abstract: The present invention provides an automatic control system, method and paper manufacturing machine using such control system for automatically controlling the amount of press section dewatering via the metered application of chemical dewatering agents applied to a paper web in a paper manufacturing process. The control system includes a feedback controller for controlling the amount of chemical dewatering agent applied to a paper web, and a monitoring device for obtaining a measurement of the moisture of the paper web exiting the press section.

Abstract: Described and claimed is an interchangeable tip-open cell fluorometer comprising a housing and a fluorometric probe tip interchangeably connected to the housing, the probe tip including a probe tip housing defining an open cell and enclosing a probe optical arrangement, the probe optical arrangement including an excitation source and a fluorescence detector wherein the excitation source is aimed directly into the fluorescence detector such that a sample can be fluorometrically detected. Also claimed is a method of using this interchangeable tip-open cell fluorometer for detecting fluorescent signals emitted by one or more fluorophores from samples from a natural or industrial water system. The fluorometer, when coupled with a controller, is capable of monitoring and optionally controlling an industrial process or system.

Abstract: A system of equipment allowing addition of solid materials to a pressurized pipeline wherein said solid material is conveyed in such a way as to be readily dissolved by the liquid in said pipeline. The system includes a solid material transfer device that is used to transfer solid material to the point of intake in a pressurized pipeline, without allowing liquid from the process pipeline to access the solid material in the solid material feeder. The system of equipment has been found to be particularly useful in feeding pellets containing resazurin.

Abstract: A system of equipment allowing addition of solid materials to a pressurized pipeline wherein said solid material is conveyed in such a way as to be readily dissolved by the liquid in said pipeline. The system includes a solid material transfer device that is used to transfer solid material to the point of intake in a pressurized pipeline, without allowing liquid from the process pipeline to access the solid material in the solid material feeder. The system of equipment has been found to be particularly useful in feeding pellets containing resazurin.