Abstract: Methods and systems of analyzing a biological sample to detect the presence of a virus are disclosed, that include mechanically homogenizing the biological sample, wherein the biological sample is unprocessed, to lyse the unprocessed biological sample to produce a homogenized sample; amplifying the viral nucleic acids in the homogenized sample, where such amplification occurs without any isolation, separation, purification, or extraction of the viral nucleic acids in the homogenized sample; and analyzing the amplified viral nucleic acids to detect the presence of the virus.

Abstract: A Sub-Terrestrial Updraft Tower-STUT, combination subsurface Downdraft/Updraft Tower, comprising an Inner Updraft Shaft and Outer Downdraft Shaft, housing the Inner Updraft Shaft, receiving air flow from air-inlets at surface level into Outer Downdraft Shaft. Upon reaching the bottom of the Outer Downdraft Shaft, air flow reverses in direction, inward and upward, into the Inner Updraft Shaft.

Abstract: A Sub-Terrestrial Updraft Tower-STUT, combination subsurface Downdraft/Updraft Tower, comprising an Inner Updraft Shaft and Outer Downdraft Shaft, housing the Inner Updraft Shaft, receiving air flow from air-inlets at surface level into Outer Downdraft Shaft. Upon reaching the bottom of the Outer Downdraft Shaft, air flow reverses in direction, inward and upward, into the Inner Updraft Shaft.

Abstract: This invention is an innovative solution to antiquated paper coupons. It overcomes deficiencies of couponing systems by using electronic data systems to process a plurality of discount transactions in parallel with the consumers purchase via real-time discounting matrix. This consumer focused system comprises a business related process possessing the means of: transceiving consumer purchase data; managing databases related to discount available items, consumer purchase performance, history, preferences, transaction history, etc.; accessing discount matrix. Individual consumers use a variety of technologies to initiate the discounting transaction during the purchase process, to perform the real-time connection, to quarry, and to reporting on matrix transactions for discount authorizations simultaneously for a plurality of retail and Internet based point of sale locations.