Abstract: Preventing freezing in a heat exchanger can include passing first and second cooling fluids through the heat exchanger, monitoring a temperature and/or pressure of the second cooling fluid entering the heat exchanger, heating the second cooling fluid entering the heat exchanger by opening a valve when the monitored temperature and/or monitored pressure is below a trigger temperature and/or trigger pressure, and closing the valve when a condition is met. The first cooling fluid can have a first freezing temperature and the second cooling fluid can have a second, lower freezing temperature. Opening the valve can cause the second cooling fluid, in gaseous phase, to mix with the second cooling fluid, in liquid phase, upstream of the heat exchanger.

Abstract: A disposable indicator for use with an arrow or crossbow bolt comprising a substrate and a chemical indicator material capable of detecting and visually indicating chemical properties of a bodily fluid wiped from the arrow by a change in color. Chemical indicating materials may be selected to indicates a variety of bodily fluid chemical properties using pH, enzyme, or detection of other bodily compounds. The indicator provides an immediate indication of the portions of the animal's body through which the arrow or bolt passed, enabling the hunter to determine the type of shot and how best to track the wounded animal. An additional benefit is that the substrate can be used to clean the arrow or bolt in additional to providing a chemical shot indication.

Abstract: A disposable indicator for use with an arrow or crossbow bolt comprising a substrate and a chemical indicator material capable of detecting and visually indicating chemical properties of a bodily fluid wiped from the arrow by a change in color. Chemical indicating materials may be selected to indicates a variety of bodily fluid chemical properties using pH, enzyme, or detection of other bodily compounds. The indicator provides an immediate indication of the portions of the animal's body through which the arrow or bolt passed, enabling the hunter to determine the type of shot and how best to track the wounded animal. An additional benefit is that the substrate can be used to clean the arrow or bolt in additional to providing a chemical shot indication.

Abstract: Various examples are provided for securing deep brain stimulation (DBS) leads. In one example, among others, a DBS cap for securing a DBS lead includes a base ring adapted to be mounted within a counterbore opening formed in the skull, a lead securing element that mounts to the base ring, and. a top cover that mounts to the base ring. In another example, a method for securing a DBS lead includes forming a counterbore opening in the skull, securing a DBS cap within the counterbore opening, passing a DBS lead through the DBS cap and the counterbore opening and positioning a tip of the lead in brain tissue, and securing the DBS lead to the DBS cap using an adhesive. The skull opening includes a lower bore, a concentric upper bore, and a step positioned at the interface of the upper and lower bores.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the presence of anomalous material within tissue is detected by scanning a patient using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to obtain MRI data, identifying individual voxels of the MRI data, identifying multiple parameters of each voxel, and determining as to each voxel based upon the identified parameters the likelihood of tissue represented by the voxel containing anomalous material.

Abstract: An arrow or bolt comprising of an indicator that will chemically indicate the fluids that have come into contact with the arrow as it has passed through the animal. The indicator may comprise a treated substrate that chemically reacts with bodily fluids of the animal as the arrow or bolt passes through the animal to provide an indication of the acidity thereof. The chemical indicator may be attached to the arrow allowing a user to reuse the arrow by simply removing a used indicator and replacing with an unused chemical indicator. Alternatively, a portion of the arrow or bolt may be provided with an absorptive neutral substrate on which a reusable chemical indicator dye could be applied. The substrate could be cleaned following use and the indicator dye reapplied to enable reuse of the arrow or bolt.

Abstract: Various examples are provided for securing deep brain stimulation (DBS) leads. In one example, among others, a DBS cap for securing a DBS lead includes a base ring adapted to be mounted within a counterbore opening formed in the skull, a lead securing element that mounts to the base ring, and. a top cover that mounts to the base ring. In another example, a method for securing a DBS lead includes forming a counterbore opening in the skull, securing a DBS cap within the counterbore opening, passing a DBS lead through the DBS cap and the counterbore opening and positioning a tip of the lead in brain tissue, and securing the DBS lead to the DBS cap using an adhesive. The skull opening includes a lower bore, a concentric upper bore, and a step positioned at the interface of the upper and lower bores.

Abstract: Various examples are provided for securing deep brain stimulation (DBS) leads. In one example, among others, a DBS cap for securing a DBS lead includes a base ring adapted to be mounted within a counterbore opening formed in the skull, a lead securing element that mounts to the base ring, and, a top cover that mounts to the base ring. In another example, a method for securing a DBS lead includes forming a counterbore opening in the skull, securing a DBS cap within the counterbore opening, passing a DBS lead through the DBS cap and the counterbore opening and positioning a tip of the lead in brain tissue, and securing the DBS lead to the DBS cap using an adhesive. The skull opening includes a lower bore, a concentric upper bore, and a step positioned at the interface of the upper and lower bores.

Abstract: Various examples are provided for securing deep brain stimulation (DBS) leads. In one example, among others, a DBS cap for securing a DBS lead includes a base ring adapted to be mounted within a counterbore opening formed in the skull, a lead securing element that mounts to the base ring, and a top cover that mounts to the base ring. In another example, a method for securing a DBS lead includes forming a counterbore opening in the skull, securing a DBS cap within the counterbore opening, passing a DBS lead through the DBS cap and the counterbore opening and positioning a tip of the lead in brain tissue, and securing the DBS lead to the DBS cap using an adhesive. The skull opening includes a lower bore, a concentric upper bore, and a step positioned at the interface of the upper and lower bores.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the presence of anomalous material within tissue is detected by scanning a patient using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to obtain MRI data, identifying individual voxels of the MRI data, identifying multiple parameters of each voxel, and determining as to each voxel based upon the identified parameters the likelihood of tissue represented by the voxel containing anomalous material.

Abstract: A fiber reinforced composite shaft bearing a metallic flanged end coupling (Fl) attached to the outside diameter through a concentric cylindrical torsional joint, comprising: a) a cylindrical end region comprising a wedge shaped inner layer of fiber (Hp) composite; b) a layer of outer helical composite plies (He) forming the shaft and extending over the wedge shaped inner layer, wherein the layer of outer helical plies has a tapered end part overlying wedge shaped inner layer to form the cylindrical end portion, wherein all helical plies of fibre layers are exposed on an outer surface; and c) a metallic flanged end coupling attached to the outer surface of the cylindrical end region through a primary mechanically interface (Sp) which may be splined. The joint may be strengthened by internally reinforcing the main shaft with an interference fit tubular plug (Pg) and protected from environmental degradation by inboard secondary adhesive bond (Ad).

Abstract: A composite material for acoustic or mechanical damping, comprising a plurality of layers of fibrous material embedded in a solid material. The solid material layers are interspersed by perforated films of viscoelastic polymer.

Abstract: A fibre reinforced composite shaft bearing a metallic flanged end coupling (F1) attached to the outside diameter through a concentric cylindrical torsional joint, comprising: a)—a cylindrical end region comprising a wedge shaped inner layer of fibre (Hp) composite; b)—a layer of outer helical composite plies (He) forming the shaft and extending over the wedge shaped inner layer, wherein the layer of outer helical plies has a tapered end part overlying wedge shaped inner layer to form the cylindrical end portion, wherein all helical plies of fibre layers are exposed on an outer surface; and c)—a metallic flanged end coupling attached to the outer surface of the cylindrical end region through a primary mechanically interface (Sp) which may be splined. The joint may be strengthened by internally reinforcing the main shaft with an interference fit tubular plug (Pg) and protected from environmental degradation by inboard secondary adhesive bond (Ad).

Abstract: A distributed system structure for a large-way, symmetric multiprocessor system using a bus-based cache-coherence protocol is provided. The distributed system structure contains an address switch, multiple memory subsystems, and multiple master devices, either processors, I/O agents, or coherent memory adapters, organized into a set of nodes supported by a node controller. The node controller receives commands from a master device, communicates with a master device as another master device or as a slave device, and queues commands received from a master device. Due to pin limitations that may be caused by large buses, e.g. buses that support a high number of data pins, the node controller may be implemented such that the functionality for its address paths and data paths are implemented in physically separate components, chips, or circuitry, such as a node data controller or a node address controller.

Abstract: A microprocessor including a performance monitor unit is disclosed. The performance monitor unit includes a set of performance monitor counters and a corresponding set of control circuits and programmable control registers. The performance monitor unit receives a first set of event signals from functional units of the processor. Each of the first set of events is routed directly from the appropriate functional unit to the performance monitor unit. The performance monitor unit further receives at least a second set of event signals. In one embodiment, the second set of event signals is received via a performance monitor bus of the processor. The performance monitor bus is typically a shared bus that may receive signals from any of the functional units of the processor. The functional units may include multiplexing circuitry that determines which of the functional units has mastership of the shared bus.

Abstract: A multi-stage byte lane selectable bus. In a preferred embodiment, the bus in performance monitor mode includes a plurality of byte lanes and a selection mechanism. The selection mechanism acquires, from a plurality of signals, a subset of those signals, which are desired to be monitored, and places this subset of signals on the byte lanes that are input to the PMU. The number of the plurality of signals that potentially may be monitored is greater than the number of byte lanes and is also greater than the number of PMU counters.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for selecting an instruction to be monitored within a pipelined processor in a data processing system is presented. A plurality of instructions are fetched, and the plurality of instructions are matched against at least one match condition to generate instructions that are eligible for sampling. The match conditions may include matching the opcode of an instruction, the pre-decode bits of an instruction, a type of instruction, or other conditions. The matched instructions may be marked using a match bit that accompanies the instruction through the selection process. The instructions eligible for sampling are then sampled to generate a sampled instruction. A sampled instruction may be marked with a sample bit that accompanies the instruction through the instruction execution process in order to monitor the sampled instruction while it is executing within the pipelined processor.

Abstract: A method and system for detecting flushed instructions without a flush indicator is provided. In order to monitor the flushing of an instruction in an instruction pipeline of a processor, an instruction is selected as a sampled instruction and the progress of the sampled instruction through the instruction pipeline is monitored. Upon selection of an instruction as a sampled instruction, a countdown value is initialized to a value equal to the maximum number of instructions within the instruction pipeline, and as instructions complete, the countdown value is decremented. If progress of the sampled instruction is detected as the instruction moves through the instruction pipeline, the countdown value is reinitialized. If the countdown value reaches zero, then a flush of the sampled instruction from the instruction pipeline is presumed, and an indication that the sampled instruction has been flushed is generated.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for selecting an instruction to be monitored within a pipelined processor is presented. One or more pairs of match values stored in control registers are allocated for use in instruction sampling or instruction matching. These pairs, referred to as V0 and V1, are used together to filter instructions for sampling or for instruction matching. During the fetch or decode stage, the instruction word is compared bit by bit to the V0 and V1 pair(s). For each bit in the instruction word, the corresponding bit in V0 and V1 are used to determine if a match exists. If every bit position in the instruction word results in a match, the instruction is eligible for sampling. If any bit position does not match, the instruction is not eligible. In response to a determination that the instruction is eligible for sampling, the execution of the instruction may be monitored.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for monitoring an internal queue within a processor, such as an instruction completion table or instruction re-order buffer, is presented. The performance monitoring unit of the processor contains multiple counters, and each counter counts occurrences of specified events. An internal queue of the processor may be specified to be monitored. A count of event signals indicating a successful allocation request for an entry in the internal queue is divided by a count of event signals indicating a passage of units of time to obtain the average rate for allocation requests for queue entries in the specified internal queue. A count of event signals indicating an occupation of a specific entry in the internal queue during a unit of time is divided by a count of event signals indicating an allocation of a specific entry in the internal queue to obtain the average time spent in the internal queue.