Abstract: An improved seal for an electric lamp is provided. An oxidation-resistant coating is provided on the current conductor where the outer lead joins the seal foil, preferably at the pinch seal. The coating is preferably a chromium layer covered by a chromium layer or a silver layer covered by a layer of hydrogenated silicon oxy carbon polymer. The coating is preferably applied via sputtering where the coating is subject to high energy electron or ion bombardment during sputtering. Preferably the coating is applied via sputtering at increased deposition pressure.

Abstract: An improved seal for an electric lamp is provided. An oxidation-resistant coating is provided on the current conductor where the outer lead joins the seal foil, preferably at the pinch seal. The coating is preferably a chromium layer covered by a chromium layer or a silver layer covered by a layer of hydrogenated silicon oxy carbon polymer. The coating is preferably applied via sputtering where the coating is subject to high energy electron or ion bombardment during sputtering. Preferably the coating is applied via sputtering at increased deposition pressure.

Abstract: A filament array for an incandescent lamp comprises a plurality of helically-coiled filament sections (7-10), which are arranged in one or more planes. The filament sections are of varying lengths whereby the array approximates the cross-sectional shape of the light beam which is to be projected by the lamp, as indicated for example by the circle (11).

Abstract: A lamp assembly comprises a lamp having a plurality of terminal pins projecting from a base, and a lamp holder having terminal contacts for engaging the pins. The lamp is first located in the holder by inserting the pins into respective openings in a base of the holder, and the lamp is then rotated relative to the holder to bring a portion of each pin into contact with a respective terminal contact of the holder.

Abstract: A low voltage reflector lamp comprises a bowl-shaped reflector symmetrically disposed about an optical axis, and a low voltage light source permanently located within the reflector at a predetermined position. A transparent or translucent decorative appendage is located at the outer edge of the annular rim of the reflector, said appendage also having a rim at an annular edge of complementary size to that of said first annular rim. Annular fixing means serve to press said rims together to secure said decorative appendage rigidly to said reflector.

Abstract: A tungsten halogen incandescent filament lamp is provided having a fill of inert gas and halogen. In such lamps and especially in lamps provided for studio and theatre applications having operating temperatures between 2200K and 3450K there is a tendency to arc over between the filament limbs. According to the invention this problem can be solved by adding hydrogen gas in an amount between 0.05% and 1% by pressure at 20.degree. C. This hydrogen gas is in addition to any hydrogen which is present as part of the halogen or halogens. A preferred halogen is the solid hydrogen, bromophosphonitrile (PN Br.sub.2).sub.n which introduces phosphorus as a getter into the lamp.

Abstract: A lead wire arrangement used in the pinch seal of a tungsten halogen incandescent or air burning discharge lamp. The outer lead wires are made of an oxidation resistant material having a melting point significantly lower than the temperature surrounding the foil and lead wire arrangement during the pinch sealing process. Because the temperature reached during pinch sealing is of the order 2,000.degree. C. conventionally outer lead wires have been made of a highly refractory material, for example, molybdenum which has to be coated with platinum to prevent oxidation. The invention uses materials having significantly lower melting points than 2,000.degree. C. which are also oxidation resistant thus avoiding the use of the expensive platinum. Suitable materials for the outer lead wires include titanium wire, titanium coated wire, nickel/iron alloys and titanium/molybdenum alloys.

Abstract: An incandescent lamp, which emits infra-red radiation, comprises a tubular quartz envelope, within which a tungsten filament is supported. To reflect radiation, which is emitted in a downward direction from the filament, back in an upward direction to an item to be heated, a substantially pure aluminum oxide coating is bonded in a substantially permanent manner to the surface of the envelope. The coating extends subtantially along the length of the lamp and around approximately half of the cross-sectional circumference thereof. The coating is applied to the envelope by a spray gun technique, wherein finely divided aluminum powder is blown through an oxygenated flame, which is directed towards an area of the envelope to be coated.