Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions for water treatment based on biodegradable polymers containing repeating succinyl units, biocidal oxidizing agents and unsubstituted or substituted amidosulphonic acid, their use in, and the process for, conditioning water of cooling circuits.

Abstract: Sulfonic acid group-containing polyaspartic acid derivatives, some of which are novel, having repeating units of the structures I and II ##STR1## in which ##STR2## are suitable for water treatment and as a detergent additive.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved process for the production of 2-phosphono-butane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid (PBTC) and the alkali metal salts thereof, in which process dialkyl phosphite, preferably dimethyl or diethyl phosphite, and ethene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid dialkyl ester, in particular the dimethyl or diethyl ester of maleic acid and/or fumaric acid, are initially reacted in the presence of a basic catalyst to yield a phosphonosuccinic acid tetraalkyl ester, the resultant ester is thereupon reacted without further working up with acrylic acid alkyl ester, preferably methyl or ethyl acrylate, in the presence of an alkaline catalyst and the reaction product obtained in this manner is saponified without further working up to yield PBTC or the alkali metal salts thereof. The product when mixed with bleaching lye exhibits reduced chlorine depletion.

Abstract: An improved composition for water treatment and for alkaline cleaning contains polyaspartic acid or a derivative thereof and a polycarboxylic acid.

Abstract: An improved composition for water treatment and for alkaline cleaning contains polyaspartic acid or a derivative thereof and a phosphonic acid.

Abstract: Sulfonic acid group-containing polyaspartic acid derivatives, some of which are novel, having repeating units of the structures I and II ##STR1## in whichR.sup.1 has the meaning given in the description, are suitable for water treatment and as a detergent additive.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of alkali metal salts of 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid, characterized in that 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid penta-alkyl esters or partial esters are reacted with an aqueous alkali metal hydroxide solution in a ratio of from 0.5 to 0.76 mol, preferably from 0.6 to 0.7 mol of alkali metal hydroxide per mol of ester function at temperatures from 20.degree. to 200.degree. C. in a one-shot process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for eliminating 1-phosphono-1-carboxycyclopentan-3-one (ketone) from, or reducing its content in, an aqueous solution of 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid, characterized in that the solution is adjusted to a pH value of > 6 using an aqueous inorganic base, particularly sodium hydroxide, and aqueous bleaching liquor is subsequently added in a molar ratio of NaOCl to ketone of >5:1.

Abstract: A process for the treatment of cooling waters, particularly in thermal power stations, without or--optionally--with partial acid decarbonization of the make up water, the improvement wherein the make up water is mechanically coarse-clarified and the hardness is then stabilized with scale inhibitors. The scale inhibitors are then removed from the blow down and are optionally recovered.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved process for the continuous production of 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid (PBTC) and alkali metal salts thereof, in which dialkylphosphite, and ethene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid dialkyl ester, are reacted in the presence of a basic catalyst to form phosphonosuccinic acid tetraalkyl ester, the ester thus obtained is directly reacted with alkyl-acrylate, in the presence of an alkaline catalyst and the reaction product thus obtained is directly hydrolyzed to PBTC or alkali metal salts thereof.

Abstract: Flame retardant isocyanate addition products are made by reacting an isocyanate with a compound selected from the group consisting of 1-phosphonoethane-2-carboxylic acid-tri-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl esters, 1-phosphonopropane-2-carboxylic acid-tri-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl esters and mixtures thereof. Known isocyanate-reactive compounds, blowing agents, catalysts, additives and auxiliary agents may optionally be included in the reaction mixture. These flame retardant products are useful in construction applications such as insulation panels for roof insulation.

Abstract: Water is conditioned by adding thereto a corrosion-inhibiting, concretion inhibiting, precipitation retarding, deflocculating, dispersing or fluidifying amount of an acid of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, independently of one another, represent hydrogen where a or b=1, or where a or b=0 represent an optionally substituted alkyl radical with 1-8 carbon atoms or an optionally substituted phenyl radical,R.sup.3 represents hydrogen, an optionally substituted alkyl radical with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted phenyl radical, a halogen atom from the group comprising fluorine, chlorine and bromine, a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a carboxyl group or a group --P(O)--(O).sub.a --R.sup.1 OH,R.sup.4 represents hydrogen, an alkyl radical with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkenyl radical with up to 3 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted phenyl radical, a carboxyl group, a fluorine or chlorine atom or a group --P(O)--(O).sub.a --R.sup.1 OH, orR.sup.3 and R.

Abstract: In the production of phosphorous or phosphonous acid ester chlorides of the formulaR.sub.m (R'O).sub.n PCl.sub.3-m-nwhereinR and R' are various organic radicals,m = 0 or 1,n = 1 or 2, andm+n = 1 or 2,By reacting a trialkylphosphite, a triarylphosphite, a dialkylchlorophosphite or a diarylchlorophosphite with phosphorustrichloride, phosphorous acid alkyl ester dichloride, phosphorous acid aryl ester dichloride, or by reacting a dialkyl-phosphonite with dichlorophosphonite, at a temperature between about -10.degree. C and 120.degree. C, the improvement which comprises effecting the reaction in the presence of a catalytic quantity of a compound of at least one of 3- and 5-valent phosphorus, e.g. a phosphine, phosphine oxide, phosphine sulfide, halogen-phosphorane or phosphoric acid-tris-amide. A small amount of an alcohol or dialkalphosphite increases the yield.

Abstract: In the preparation of an aminoalkylsilane of the formula(RO).sub.3.sub.3-n R.sub.n.sup.1 SiR.sup.2 NH.sub.2 3-whereinn is an integer from 0 to 3,R is an alkyl or alkoxyalkyl radical with 1 to 8 C atoms in each alkyl radical, or an aryl radical with up to 10 C atoms,R.sup.1 is an alkyl radical with up to 8 C atoms or an aryl radical with up to 10 C atoms, andR.sup.2 is a divalent hydrocarbon radical with 2 to 10 C atoms,By reacting the corresponding halogenoalkylsilane with excess ammonia at a temperature above about 80.degree. C, and working up the reaction mixture, the improvement which comprises adding a metal alcoholate to the reaction mixture obtained from the amination before the mixture is worked up. The alcoholate may be added in an amount equivalent to the halogenoalkylsilane initially employed or to the halide content of the filtrate after amination but before working up, as by distillation.