Abstract: A data management system and method for a limited cryptographic storage unit, such as a smartcard or other hardware token, includes a cryptographic data manager that interfaces with the limited capacity cryptographic storage unit and a data overflow memory coupled to the cryptographic data manager. The cryptographic data manager stores cryptographic data, such as decryption private keys or other secret cryptographic data, in the overflow memory from the limited capacity cryptographic storage unit based on a limited capacity storage unit data update condition. The cryptographic data manager may serve as a secondary cryptographic data manager that receives the cryptographic data from an original cryptographic data storage device, or primary storage device such as a server that generates the cryptographic data, that stores a history of the cryptographic data.

Abstract: A method and system for protecting a multipurpose data string used for both decrypting data and for authenticating a user utilizes a remote storage element that contains a long random data string or password protected by a short easy to remember access data, such as a personal identification number or other user authentication mechanism. The remote storage element contains data used for both initially encrypting secret private keys and for later decrypting the encrypted secret private keys, or other secret data, so they can be used to decrypt data transferred within a computer network, or be used for digitally signing data transferred within a computer network.

Abstract: A circuit to improve noise mitigation and mode switching in telephony, wherein the noise-floor level is continuously estimated by comparing its stored current value to the signal level value and substituting the latter for the former if it is less than the former.