Abstract: An arrangement for passive gas sampling of a breathing gas in a breathing system allows sampling during both inspiration and expiration. The arrangement has a tube-piece having a first connector for receiving an inspiratory gas flow, a second connector for delivering an expiratory gas flow and a third connector for delivering the inspiratory gas flow and receiving the expiratory gas flow, a first port arranged between the second connector and the third connector and connected to a measurement chamber, a second port arranged between the first connector and the third connector and connected to the measurement chamber and a third port arranged between the first connector and the second connector and connected to the measurement chamber.

Abstract: A device for the dosing of a dry additive gas into a breathing gas in a ventilator system, the ventilator system including a tubing system connectable by at a distal end to a patient, and has a dosing tube connectable to the tubing system for dosing to the distal end of the tubing system. The dosing tube is composed of a tube section having a moisture permeable contact surface, adapted to interact with moisture from exhaled breathing gas, so the dry additive gas is humidified before dosing to the distal end of the tubing system.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for plasma-chemical production of nitrogen monoxide is used to produce inhalation gas enriched with nitrogen monoxide for medical purposes. The nitrogen-monoxide production is achieved through the use of a dielectric barrier discharge created in a process gas containing nitrogen and oxygen.

Abstract: An anesthetic filter arrangement has a filter housing with openings disposed to delimit a gas flow path inside the housing for gas passing to and from a patient, and having disposed within the gas flow path a filter element formed of an adsorption material for the alternate adsorption and desorption of gaseous anesthetic from and into gas passing along the gas flow path respectively from and to the patient. An energy source is provided to supply thermal and/or vibrational energy at the filter element to vary retention of the gaseous anesthetic by the filter element.

Abstract: An arrangement for passive gas sampling of a breathing gas in a breathing system allows sampling during both inspiration and expiration. The arrangement has a tube-piece having a first connector for receiving an inspiratory gas flow, a second connector for delivering an expiratory gas flow and a third connector for delivering the inspiratory gas flow and receiving the expiratory gas flow, a first port arranged between the second connector and the third connector and connected to a measurement chamber, a second port arranged between the first connector and the third connector and connected to the measurement chamber and a third port arranged between the first connector and the second connector and connected to the measurement chamber.

Abstract: An arrangement for passive gas sampling in a breathing system has a conduit having a venturi-nozzle for passively generating pressure variations in the conduit dependent on a flow of breathing gas in the conduit, and a first port and a second port terminating in the conduit and connected to a measurement chamber. The first port and the second port are arranged relative to the venturi-nozzle such that the pressure variations force a flow of breathing gas through the first port into the measurement chamber and out through the second port.

Abstract: An arrangement for passive gas sampling of a breathing gas in a breathing system has an element disposed in a tube for the passive diversion of a portion of the flow of breathing gas to a measurement chamber.

Abstract: A device for the dosing of a dry additive gas into a breathing gas in a ventilator system, the ventilator system including a tubing system connectable by at a distal end to a patient, and has a dosing tube connectable to the tubing system for dosing to the distal end of the tubing system. The dosing tube is composed of a tube section having a moisture permeable contact surface, adapted to interact with moisture from exhaled breathing gas, so the dry additive gas is humidified before dosing to the distal end of the tubing system.

Abstract: In a method for determining the gas content, e.g. of oxygen in breathing gas in a breathing apparatus, and a breathing apparatus operating according to the method, the gas content is determined from the speed of sound in the breathing gas. In order to resolve the problems caused by temperature variations in gas samples, determination of the speed of sound is synchronized with one or more specific times in a respiratory cycle. Determination can then be made when conditions are most stable.

Abstract: An anesthetic filter arrangement has a filter housing with openings disposed to delimit a gas flow path inside the housing for gas passing to and from a patient, and having disposed within the gas flow path a filter element formed of an adsorption material for the alternate adsorption and desorption of gaseous anesthetic from and into gas passing along the gas flow path respectively from and to the patient. An energy source is provided to supply thermal and/or vibrational energy at the filter element to vary retention of the gaseous anesthetic by the filter element.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for plasma-chemical production of nitrogen monoxide is used to produce inhalation gas enriched with nitrogen monoxide for medical purposes. The nitrogen-monoxide production is achieved through the use of a dielectric barrier discharge created in a process gas containing nitrogen and oxygen.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for plasma-chemical production of nitrogen monoxide is used to produce inhalation gas enriched with nitrogen monoxide for medical purposes. The nitrogen-monoxide production is achieved through the use of a dielectric barrier discharge created in a process gas containing nitrogen and oxygen.

Abstract: A gas analyzer has a test chamber for a gas sample, an inlet for the gas sample and a gas sensor sensitive to gas movement, for determining the concentration of a constituent gas in the gas sample. The inlet is adapted to be connected to an inspiration line of a respirator. A shield is arranged so it covers the inlet of the test chamber, causing the gas sample to remain relatively still inside the test chamber during the analysis, regardless of the main flow of the gas to be analyzed. The gas analyzer can accordingly be devised for direct connection to the gas to be analyzed.

Abstract: An anesthetic apparatus has a dosing unit for an anesthetic agent, the dosing unit having a number of containers, each holding a liquid anesthetic agent. The containers are connected by liquid lines to a valve unit, capable of selectively connecting one container at a time to a micropump which dispenses anesthetic in the form of liquid droplets directly to a connection piece in the anesthetic apparatus, to which a patient can be connected. A control unit controls the micropump and the valve unit and regulates both the selection and dispensing of liquid anesthetic.

Abstract: A ventilator system has different sub-systems, such as a connection system, which influence the flow of breathing gas supplied to a patient's respiratory system. The flow pattern of the breathing gas is particularly influenced by the connection system. In order to compensate for this influence to the greatest possible extent in the generation of breathing gas, the connection system's transfer function is determined before the system is connected to the respiratory system. A gas flow with a specific gas flow pattern is generated with high accuracy in a ventilator unit. An ensuing gas flow pattern, only influenced by the connection system, is measured with high accuracy in a measurement unit in the ventilator unit. The transfer function for the connection system can be determined in a control unit from the known, generated gas flow pattern and the measured, ensuing gas flow pattern. The corresponding determination can be made for the respiratory system after a patient has been connected.

Abstract: A method and an analyzer for determining the concentration of and/or identifying a specific gas are described. The analyzer has a test chamber through which a gas sample is carried. The gas sample then passes across a first substrate on which a first coating and a second coating are arranged. The second coating is made of a substance which selectively absorbs a specific gas, or a specific group of gases. A light source directs a light beam with a pre-defined polarization at the substrate and coatings. Polarization of the ensuring reflected light beam changes due to reflection in and interaction with the coatings. This change is determined by a calculation unit by determining the reflected light beam's polarization in a photodetector. Adsorption causes polarization changes which are only related to the concentration of the specific gas which can accordingly be identified.

Abstract: In a method and a ventilator device for measuring the functional residual capacity, FRC, of lungs, a trace gas is mixed with a breathing gas in a gas mixer and the mixture os fed into the lungs via an inspiratory tube. When a predetermined concentration of trace gas is achieved in the lungs, the supply of trace gas is stopped, and a washout phase starts. During the washout phase, the concentration of trace gas in expired gas and the flow of expired gas are measured. The measurement values are sent to an analyzer which calculates the volume of trace gas in the lungs. Functional residual capacity can then be determined from the calculated volume of trace gas. The trace gas is preferably SF.sub.6.

Abstract: A method for gas analysis includes the steps of extracting a gas sample from a gas to be analyzed with respect to one or more of its gas components, measuring the flow of the extracted gas sample, and adding a replacement gas to the gas in the same amount as the extracted sample in order to minimize the impact on the main gas flow of the extraction of the gas sample. The replacement gas can consist of the same gas components constituting the gas sample. A gas analyzer for performing the method is also disclosed.

Abstract: In a spectrophotometer for measuring the concentration of a specific substance, a pulsating (modulated) source of radiation gives rise to an alternating current component, a direct current component and a dark signal component in a measurement signal. The response time for changes in the concentration of the specific substance is reduced while the measurement signal's signal-to-noise ratio is simultaneously improved when the pulsation frequency is from 50 to 1000 Hz, and the direct current component in the measurement signal is filtered out for normalization by a reference signal in a signal analyzer so the concentration of the specific substance can be calculated.

Abstract: An arrangement for automatic drift compensation in a gas analyzer in which a source of radiation radiates through the gas to be analyzed, and directs the radiation onto a detector. The latter forms an amplified output signal corresponding to the detector output and corresponding to the gas concentration. A signal storage stores the signal corresponding to the output signal of the detector when the gas to be analyzed has a predetermined concentration. A comparator compares the output signal from the detector with the stored signal. The gas analyzer is used for determining the content of a predetermined gas in a mixture of gases exhaled by a patient. A circuit connected between the detector output and the comparator input delivers to the storage a signal during the inspiration phase of the patient.