Patents by Inventor Romeo I. Mercado
Romeo I. Mercado has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
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Patent number: 5856884Abstract: Projection lens systems, which are used to transfer a pattern from a reticle onto a substrate, incorporate projection optical systems that are capable of maintaining the same, or increased performance, as the current projections lens systems, achieve excellent aberration correction, and which have high numerical apertures.Type: GrantFiled: September 5, 1997Date of Patent: January 5, 1999Assignee: Nikon CorporationInventor: Romeo I. Mercado
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Patent number: 5831776Abstract: A projection optical system that projects an image of an object in an object surface onto an image surface with a fixed reduction magnification comprises, in light path order from the object surface: a first group of lenses with positive refractive power; a second group of lenses forming an approximately afocal system; and a third group of lenses with positive refractive power. The projection optical system has a focal length F, the projection optical system has a projection magnification B, the object surface and the image surface are separated by a distance L, and a lens surface in the first group of lenses that is closest to the object surface is separated from the object surface by a distance d.sub.0. A paraxial marginal ray from an axial object point on the object surface enters the second group of lenses G.sub.2 at an entrance height h.sub.1 from an optical axis, and the paraxial marginal ray from the axial object point on the object surface emerges from the second group of lenses G.sub.Type: GrantFiled: October 6, 1997Date of Patent: November 3, 1998Assignee: Nikon CorporationInventors: Toshihiro Sasaya, Kazuo Ushida, Yutaka Suenaga, Romeo I. Mercado
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Patent number: 5805344Abstract: In the projection optical system that projects an image of the first object onto the second object with a fixed reduction ratio and a projection aligner equipped therewith, said projection optical system comprises, viewed from said first object side, in order of succession, the first group of lenses with positive refractive power, and the second group of lenses virtually consists of afocal system, and the third group of lens with positive refractive power, and if the focal length of the overall system is represented by F, the projection magnification ratio of said projection optical system is represented by B, the distance between said first object and said second object is represented by L, and when a ray from the second object side of said projection optical system that is parallel to the optical axis of said projection optical system is incident on said projection optical system, a distance between a point where an extension on the first object side of said ray intercepts the optical axis and said first obType: GrantFiled: October 11, 1996Date of Patent: September 8, 1998Assignee: Nikon CorporationInventors: Toshihiro Sasaya, Kazuo Ushida, Yutaka Suenaga, Romeo I. Mercado
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Patent number: 5210646Abstract: A method is described for selecting optical materials to use in designing color-corrected optical systems. Various dioptric, catadioptric and anamorphic optical systems are described, which use only two different types of optical materials to obtain precise axial color correction at three, four or five wavelengths (depending upon the particular optical materials), with only very small chromatic aberration occurring at wavelengths between the precisely color-corrected wavelengths. Examples of color-corrected lens systems comprising more than two glasses are also described.Type: GrantFiled: November 19, 1990Date of Patent: May 11, 1993Assignee: Lockheed Missiles & Space Company, Inc.Inventors: Romeo I. Mercado, Paul N. Robb
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Patent number: 5204782Abstract: A method is described for selecting optical materials to use in designing color-corrected optical systems. Various dioptric, catadioptric and anamorphic optical systems are described, which use only two different types of optical materials to obtain precise axial color correction at three, four or five wavelengths (depending upon the particular optical materials), with only very small chromatic aberration occurring at wavelengths between the precisely color-corrected wavelengths. Examples of color-corrected lens systems comprising more than two glasses are also described.Type: GrantFiled: December 27, 1990Date of Patent: April 20, 1993Assignee: Lockheed Missiles & Space Company, Inc.Inventors: Romeo I. Mercado, Paul N. Robb
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Patent number: 5020889Abstract: A method is described for selecting optical materials to use in designing color-corrected optical systems. Various dioptric, catadioptric and anamorphic optical systems are described, which use only two different types of optical materials to obtain precise axial color correction at three, four or five wavelengths (depending upon the particular optical materials), with only very small chromatic aberration occurring at wavelengths between the precisely color-corrected wavelengths. Examples of color-corrected lens systems comprising more than two glasses are also described.Type: GrantFiled: August 9, 1989Date of Patent: June 4, 1991Assignee: Lockheed Missiles & Space Company, Inc.Inventors: Romeo I. Mercado, Paul N. Robb
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Patent number: 5000548Abstract: A finite conjugate imaging system useful as a microscope objective comprises four lens elements (10), (11), (12), and (13) disposed coaxially along an optic axis. Lens elements (10) and (12) are made of Hoya LAC7 glass, and lens elements (11) and (13) are made of calcium fluoride crystal. The radii of curvature of the lens elements and the separations between adjacent lens elements are prescribed so as to obtain color correction of the system at five discrete wavelengths.Type: GrantFiled: April 25, 1988Date of Patent: March 19, 1991Assignee: Lockheed Missiles & Space Company, Inc.Inventor: Romeo I. Mercado
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Patent number: 4934801Abstract: A catadioptric optical imaging system comprises a dioptric assembly (20) and a catoptric assembly (21), which are positioned with respect to each other to form an imaging system of long focal length. The dioptric assembly (20) comprises two confocal paraboloidal mirrors (22, 23) arranged to form a telescope of the Mersenne type. The catoptric assembly (21) comprises lens elements arranged in two groups, viz., a field group (25) and a relay group (26), which are coaxially disposed with respect to the dioptric assembly (20). Only two different optical materials, viz., calcium fluoride crystal and Hoya LAC7 glass, are used in making the lens elements of the dioptric assembly (20). The dioptric assembly (20) is color-corrected at five wavelengths and has only negligible secondary and higher-order spectra in a wavelength band extending from the ultraviolet region to the near infrared region of the optical spectrum.Type: GrantFiled: November 29, 1984Date of Patent: June 19, 1990Assignee: Lockheed Missiles & Space Company, Inc.Inventor: Romeo I. Mercado
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Patent number: 4929071Abstract: A modified Petzval-type optical objective is provided, whose design form has a long focal length (i.e., 1000 mm) at a large relative aperture (i.e., f/2) over a field of view of 4.2.degree. without vignetting, which is well-corrected for both monochromatic and chromatic aberrations, and which is color-corrected at four wavelengths over a spectral band extending from the visible to the near-infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. The optical objective is made from only two different optical glasses. The design form can be scaled up or down from the 1000 mm focal length by using an appropriate scaling factor.Type: GrantFiled: December 20, 1985Date of Patent: May 29, 1990Assignee: Lockheed Missiles & Space Company, Inc.Inventor: Romeo I. Mercado
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Patent number: 4842384Abstract: A catadioptric optical imaging system comprises a dioptric assembly (20) and a catoptric asembly (21), which are positioned with respect to each other to form an imaging system of long focal length. The dioptric assembly (20) comprises two confocal paraboloidal mirrors (22, 23) arranged to form a telescope of the Mersenne type. The catoptric assembly (21) comprises lens elements arranged in two groups, viz., a field group (25) and a relay group (26), which are coaxially disposed with respect to the dioptric assembly (20). Only two different optical materials, viz., calcium fluoride crystal and Hoya LAC7 glass, are used in making the lens elements of the dioptric assembly (20). The dioptric assembly (20) is color-corrected at five wavelengths and has only negligible secondary and higher-order spectra in a wavelength band extending from the ultraviolet region to the near infrared region of the optical spectrum.Type: GrantFiled: January 11, 1988Date of Patent: June 27, 1989Assignee: Lockheed Missiles & Space Company, Inc.Inventor: Romeo I. Mercado
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Patent number: 4834515Abstract: A catadioptric optical imaging system comprises a dioptric assembly (20) and a catoptric assembly (21), which are positioned with respect to each other to form an imaging system of long focal length. The dioptric assembly (20) comprises two confocal paraboloidal mirrors (22, 23) arranged to form a telescope of the Mersenne type. The catoptric assembly (21) comprises lens elements arranged in two groups, viz., a field group (25) and a relay group (26), which are coaxially disposed with respect to the dioptric assembly (20). Only two different optical materials, viz., calcium fluoride crystal and Hoya LAC7 glass, are used in making the lens elements of the dioptric assembly (20). The dioptric assembly (20) is color-corrected at five wavelengths and has only negligible secondary and higher-order spectra in a wavelength band extending from the ultraviolet region to the near infrared region of the optical spectrum.Type: GrantFiled: February 8, 1988Date of Patent: May 30, 1989Assignee: Lockheed Missiles & Space Company, Inc.Inventor: Romeo I. Mercado
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Patent number: 4790637Abstract: A method is described for selecting optical materials to use in designing color-corrected optical systems. Various dioptric, catadioptric and anamorphic optical systems are described, which use only two different types of optical materials to obtain precise axial color correction at three, four or five wavelengths (depending upon the particular optical materials), with only very small chromatic aberration occurring at wavelengths between the precisely color-corrected wavelengths. Examples of color-corrected lens systems comprising more than two glasses are also described.Type: GrantFiled: December 12, 1986Date of Patent: December 13, 1988Assignee: Lockheed Missiles & Space Company, Inc.Inventors: Romeo I. Mercado, Paul N. Robb
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Patent number: 4768869Abstract: A catadioptric optical imaging system comprises a dioptric assembly (20) and a catoptric assembly (21), which are positioned with respect to each other to form an imaging system of long focal length. The dioptric assembly (20) comprises two confocal paraboloidal mirrors (22, 23) arranged to form a telescope of the Mersenne type. The catoptric assembly (21) comprises lens elements arranged in two groups, viz., a field group (25) and a relay group (26), which are coaxially disposed with respect to the dioptric assembly (20). Only two different optical materials, viz., calcium fluoride crystal and Hoya LAC7 glass, are used in making the lens elements of the dioptric assembly (20). The dioptric assembly (20) is color-corrected at five wavelengths and has only negligible secondary and higher-order spectra in a wavelength band extending from the ultraviolet region to the near infrared region of the optical spectrum.Type: GrantFiled: December 17, 1987Date of Patent: September 6, 1988Assignee: Lockheed Missiles & Space Company, Inc.Inventor: Romeo I. Mercado
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Patent number: 4765727Abstract: A method is described for selecting optical materials to use in designing color-corrected optical systems. Various dioptric, catadioptric and anamorphic optical systems are described, which use only two different types of optical materials to obtain precise axial color correction at three, four or five wavelengths (depending upon the particular optical materials), with only very small chromatic aberration occurring at wavelengths between the precisely color-corrected wavelengths. Examples of color-corrected lens systems comprising more than two glasses are also described.Type: GrantFiled: March 16, 1987Date of Patent: August 23, 1988Assignee: Lockheed Missiles and Space Company, Inc.Inventor: Romeo I. Mercado
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Patent number: 4762404Abstract: A method is described for selecting optical materials to use in designing color-corrected optical systems. Various dioptric, catadioptric and anamorphic optical systems are described, which use only two different types of optical materials to obtain precise axial color correction at three, four or five wavelengths (depending upon the particular optical materials), with only very small chromatic aberration occurring at wavelengths between the precisely color-corrected wavelengths. Examples of color-corrected lens systems comprising more than two glasses are also described.Type: GrantFiled: December 22, 1986Date of Patent: August 9, 1988Assignee: Lockheed Missiles & Space Company, Inc.Inventor: Romeo I. Mercado
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Patent number: 4761064Abstract: A method is described for selecting optical materials to use in designing color-corrected optical systems. Various dioptric, catadioptric and anamorphic optical systems are described, which use only two different types of optical materials to obtain precise axial color correction at three, four or five wavelengths (depending upon the particular optical materials), with only very small chromatic aberration occurring at wavelengths between the precisely color-corrected wavelengths. Examples of color-corrected lens systems comprising more than two glasses are also described.Type: GrantFiled: December 19, 1986Date of Patent: August 2, 1988Assignee: Lockheed Missiles & Space Company, Inc.Inventor: Romeo I. Mercado
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Patent number: 4743094Abstract: A catadioptric optical imaging system comprises a dioptric assembly (20) and a catoptric assembly (21), which are positioned with respect to each other to form an imaging system of long focal length. The dioptric assembly (20) comprises two confocal paraboloidal mirrors (22, 23) arranged to form a telescope of the Mersenne type. The catoptric assembly (21) comprises lens elements arranged in two groups, viz., a field group (25) and a relay group (26), which are coaxially disposed with respect to the dioptric assembly (20). Only two different optical materials, viz., calcium fluoride crystal and Hoya LAC7 glass, are used in making the lens elements of the dioptric assembly (20). The dioptric assembly (20) is color-corrected at five wavelengths and has only negligible secondary and higher-order spectra in a wavelength band extending from the ultraviolet region to the near infrared region of the optical spectrum.Type: GrantFiled: October 26, 1987Date of Patent: May 10, 1988Assignee: Lockheed Missiles & Space Company, Inc.Inventor: Romeo I. Mercado
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Patent number: 4712886Abstract: A lens doublet comprising a positive lens element made of calcium fluoride crystal and a negative lens element made of Schott infrared transmitting glass IRGN6 enables an object to be imaged at four wavelengths in the visible region, or at four wavelengths in the near-infrared region, or at five wavelengths in a band extending from the visible to the near-infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. The doublet has practically negligible secondary and higher-order spectra throughout these spectral regions.Type: GrantFiled: November 14, 1986Date of Patent: December 15, 1987Assignee: Lockheed Missiles & Space Company, Inc.Inventor: Romeo I. Mercado
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Patent number: 4704008Abstract: A method is described for selecting optical materials to use in designing color-corrected optical systems. Various dioptric, catadioptric and anamorphic optical systems are described, which use only two different types of optical materials to obtain precise axial color correction at three, four or five wavelengths (depending upon the particular optical materials), with only very small chromatic aberration occurring at wavelengths between the precisely color-corrected wavelengths. Examples of color-corrected lens systems comprising more than two glasses are also described.Type: GrantFiled: June 23, 1986Date of Patent: November 3, 1987Assignee: Lockheed Missiles and Space Company, Inc.Inventor: Romeo I. Mercado
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Patent number: 4704011Abstract: Three different embodiments are shown of a photographic objective comprising only six lens elements, which is made of three different optical glasses, and which is well-corrected for both monochromatic and chromatic aberrations and has only negligible secondary and higher-order spectra in a wavelength band extending from the visible to the near infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. The photographic objective is also color-corrected at four widely separated wavelengths in that band. The first embodiment is optimized for a 200 mm focal length at a relative aperture of f/4 over a 12.degree. field of view. The second embodiment is optimized for a 200 mm focal length at a relative aperture of f/5 over a 20.degree. field of view. The third embodiment is optimized for a 200 mm focal length at a relative aperture of f/4 over a 12.degree. field of view.Type: GrantFiled: December 13, 1985Date of Patent: November 3, 1987Assignee: Lockheed Missiles & Space Company, Inc.Inventor: Romeo I. Mercado