Abstract: A gear ratio shift control and control method controls gear ratio upshifts in a multiple-ratio transmission for an automotive vehicle. Pressure actuated friction elements establish torque flow paths in transmission gearing as they are selectively engaged and released. A net torque reduction at a transmission torque output shaft during an upshift event is reduced by increasing transmission input torque prior to the start of the inertia phase of the upshift event.

Abstract: This invention involves blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) using external stimuli. Different colors of light can be used as the stimulus to assess differential BOLD response to diagnose neurological disorders (e.g., Parkinson's disease, attention deficit disorder, schizophrenia, and substance abuse). In addition, very low dose administration of a drug that affects intracerebral vasculature can enhance BOLD response, facilitating detection and improving diagnostic capabilities. Using a very low dose of d-amphetamine, BOLD response to blue light is increased.

Abstract: An automatic transmission ratio shift and shift feel control system and method for a powertrain having an engine, multiple-ratio gearing controlled by friction elements actuated by hydraulic pressure, an output shaft torque sensor producing a signal representing the magnitude of current output torque, an electronic controller for controlling the target output torque based on the current output torque, increasing the torque capacity of the oncoming friction element and decreasing the torque capacity of the offgoing friction element after a gear ratio change is initiated. During the inertia phase of the ratio change, the controller controls the engine speed to follow a predetermined rate of change of input speed. The strategy employs an electronic throttle and closed loop engine torque control and closed loop engine speed control at various phases of the gear shift, to improve shift feel.

Abstract: An automatic transmission ratio shift and shift feel control system and method for a powertrain having an engine, multiple-ratio gearing controlled by friction elements actuated by hydraulic pressure, an output shaft torque sensor producing a signal representing the magnitude of current output torque, an electronic controller for controlling the target output torque based on the current output torque, increasing the torque capacity of the oncoming friction element and decreasing the torque capacity of the offgoing friction element after a gear ratio change is initiated. During the inertia phase of the ratio change, the controller controls the engine speed to follow a predetermined rate of change of input speed. The strategy employs an electronic throttle and closed loop engine torque control and closed loop engine speed control at various phases of the gear shift, to improve shift feel.

Abstract: This invention involves blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) using external stimuli. Different colors of light can be used as the stimulus to assess differential BOLD response to diagnose neurological disorders (e.g., Parkinson's disease, attention deficit disorder, schizophrenia, and substance abuse). In addition, very low dose administration of a drug that affects intracerebral vasculature can enhance BOLD response, facilitating detection and improving diagnostic capabilities. Using a very low dose of d-amphetamine, BOLD response to blue light is increased.