Abstract: A ferritic stainless steel containing 0.03% maximum carbon, up to about 12% manganese, about 0.03% maximum phosphorus, about 0.030% maximum sulfur, about 1.0% maximum silicon, about 12% to about 26% chromium, about 5% maximum nickel, 0.10% to 0.5% aluminum, 0.2% to 0.45% columbium, 0.03% maximum nitrogen, about 2% maximum copper, about 5% maximum molybdenum, residual titanium, and balance essentially iron. Columbium is present in excess of the amount required to react completely with carbon. The steel has high ductility and toughness in heavy sections and good corrosion resistance in weld areas.

Abstract: A low cost austenitic stainless steel having a high work hardening rate and good ductility if drastically cold reduced, consisting essentially of, in weight percent, 0.05% maximum carbon, 1.5% to 3.0% manganese, about 0.06% maximum phosphorus, about 0.035% maximum sulfur, about 1% maximum silicon, about 15% to about 20% chromium, 3% to 4.7% nickel, 1.75% to 3% copper, 0.10% to 0.30% nitrogen, up to about 0.3% columbium, titanium, tantalum or mixtures thereof, and balance essentially iron. The steel has particular utility in fabrication of cold headed fasteners.

Abstract: A ferritic steel having improved creep or sag resistance and oxidation resistance at temperatures ranging from about 732.degree. to 1093.degree. C. after a final anneal at 1010.degree. to 1120.degree. C., together with good weldability, the steel consisting essentially of, by weight percent, from about 0.01% to 0.06% carbon, about 1% maximum manganese, about 2% maximum silicon, about 1% to about 20% chromium, about 0.5% maximum nickel, about 0.5% to 2% aluminum, about 0.1% to 0.05% nitrogen, 1.0% maximum titanium, with a minimum titanium content of 4 times the percent carbon plus 3.5 times the percent nitrogen, about 0.1% to 1.0% columbium, with the sum total of titanium plus columbium not exceeding about 1.2%, and remainder essentially iron. In the form of cold reduced strip and sheet stock the steel has particular utility in motor vehicle components.

Abstract: A stress corrosion resistant austenitic stainless steel essentially consisting of from 15.5% to 20% chromium, from 11% to 14% manganese, from 1.1% to 3.75% nickel, from 0.01% to 0.12% carbon, from 0.20% to 0.38% nitrogen, and balance substantially iron. Phosphorous may be present up to 0.06% maximum, sulfur up to 0.04% maximum, and silicon up to 1% maximum. The steel has high strength at room temperature, good stability when severely cold worked, good cryogenic strength and toughness, wear resistance and excellent fusion welding characteristics, making it useful for a multiplicity of cryogenic applications, fabrication of welded articles, and cold-drawn wire.