Abstract: The determination of hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity of contaminated water can be achieved by developing an external calibration model. The model can be prepared using standard solutions where scavenging capacities are determined, and then the solutions are treated with addition of an oxidant and a dye, followed by UV treatment to form hydroxyl radicals that are scavenged by species in the standard solution. The residual dye content can then be measured using absorbance. The absorbance and the scavenging capacity data for the standard solutions are used to build the model, which can then be implemented to determine scavenging capacity of contaminated water. Water samples can be subjected to the same treatment as the standard solutions, the absorbance of the water sample is then obtained, and then the model is used to determine the corresponding scavenging capacity. Determining scavenger capacity of contaminated water can aid in advanced oxidation processing (AOP).

Abstract: The determination of hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity of contaminated water can be achieved by developing an external calibration model. The model can be prepared using standard solutions where scavenging capacities are determined, and then the solutions are treated with addition of an oxidant and a dye, followed by UV treatment to form hydroxyl radicals that are scavenged by species in the standard solution. The residual dye content can then be measured using absorbance. The absorbance and the scavenging capacity data for the standard solutions are used to build the model, which can then be implemented to determine scavenging capacity of contaminated water. Water samples can be subjected to the same treatment as the standard solutions, the absorbance of the water sample is then obtained, and then the model is used to determine the corresponding scavenging capacity. Determining scavenger capacity of contaminated water can aid in advanced oxidation processing (AOP).

Abstract: A means and method for measuring precise voltage phasors on medium-voltage alternating current (AC) distribution grids, using existing distribution transformers as voltage sensors. The errors introduced by the distribution transformers are minimized by taking into account the transformer's vector impedance, combined with measuring the transformer secondary current phasor. The invention includes a means and a method of measuring the distribution transformer's vector impedance.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for detecting cyber attacks on remotely-operable elements of an alternating current distribution grid. Two state estimates of the distribution grid are prepared, one of which uses micro-synchrophasors. A difference between the two state estimates indicates a possible cyber attack.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for detecting cyber attacks on remotely-operable elements of an alternating current distribution grid. Two state estimates of the distribution grid are prepared, one of which uses micro-synchrophasors. A difference between the two state estimates indicates a possible cyber attack.

Abstract: A means and method for measuring precise voltage phasors on medium-voltage alternating current (AC) distribution grids, using existing distribution transformers as voltage sensors. The errors introduced by the distribution transformers are minimized by taking into account the transformer's vector impedance, combined with measuring the transformer secondary current phasor. The invention includes a means and a method of measuring the distribution transformer's vector impedance.

Abstract: The invention relates to a spinning unit of an air spinning machine with a spinning nozzle (1), which serves the purpose of producing a yarn (2) from a fiber composite (3) fed to the spinning nozzle (1), whereas the spinning nozzle (1) features an inlet (4) for the fiber composite (3), an internal vortex chamber (5), a yarn formation element (6) protruding into the vortex chamber (5) along with an outlet (7) for the yarn (2) produced inside the vortex chamber (5). In accordance with the invention, it is proposed that the spinning unit is allocated with an additive supply (8), which is designed to supply the spinning unit with an additive (9), whereas the additive supply (8) includes at least one valve (10), with the assistance of which the volume flow and/or mass flow of the additive (9) is adjustable, and whereas the valve (10), during the operation of the same, opens and closes at least once per second, such that the additive (9) fed to the valve (10) leaves the valve (10) in a pulse-like manner.

Abstract: A self-tensioning handle for use with endoscopic devices is disclosed. The handle may have mounting features for mounting a sheath and a control rod from an endoscopic device, such as a grasper or a retrieval basket. One mounting feature, such as a pin vise to hold a sheath, may be mounted in a distal portion of the handle, nearer a patient. Another mounting feature for a control rod or cannula of the endoscopic device is preferably mounted in a proximal portion of the handle. The handle is assembled with a tension or a pre-load so that a surgeon is not required to continually grip and compress the handle to retain a sample in the retrieval basket or other end-effector used with the handle.

Abstract: An adjustable cam and follower system for a surgical device that includes a tri-dimensional rotatable cam member having a rotational input and a cam surface, the contour of which is defined by at least one radius of varying length. The system further includes a follower selectively moveable linearly, the follower configurable to ride substantially upon the cam surface as the cam rotates. A handpiece having an ergonomic member attachable thereto is also disclosed.