Abstract: The invention provides an equine infectious anemia (EIA) vaccine that provides immunity to mammals, especially equines, from infection with equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) and which allows differentiation between vaccinated and non-vaccinated, but exposed, mammals or equines. Preferably said vaccine encompasses at least one mutation in an EIAV which produces a non-functional gene in the vaccine virus that is always expressed in disease-producing wild-type EIA viruses. Additionally, said EIA vaccine virus cannot cause clinical disease in mammals or spread or shed to other mammals including equines.

Abstract: We describe here the development and optimization of an embodiment of a new serologic EIAV diagnostic ELISA assay to detect serum antibodies to the EIAV S2 protein that are produced in infected horses, but not in horses inoculated with the EIAVUK?S2 vaccine virus. An embodiment of the test S2 protein antigen was developed using the S2 gene sequence from the EIAVUK strain of virus and a series of modifications to facilitate production and purification of the diagnostic antigen, designated HS2G. Using this embodiment of an HS2G as antigen, we describe the development of an affinity ELISA (NN-ELISA) that provides a sensitive and specific detection of S2-specific serum antibodies in experimentally and field infected horses (22/24), without detectable reactivity with immune serum from uninfected (12/12) or vaccinated (29/29) horses.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a vaccine which provides immunity to mammals from infection and/or disease caused by a lentivirus, such as equine infectious anemia virus, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) or simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) said composition comprising a deletion in a gene that blocks replication of the virus in vivo. Preferably said composition encompasses at least one deletion in a lentivirus which provides protection from exposure to wild-type lentiviruses. It also encompasses a marker vaccine in which a foreign gene is inserted into the gene-deleted region, said inserted gene providing a diagnostic tool for use in vaccinated mammals. The scope of the invention encompasses an EIAV vaccine that allows equines to be safely vaccinated and protected from disease without converting to a seropositive status on the Coggin's Test or any other test wich measures p26.

Abstract: The invention provides an equine infectious anemia (EIA) vaccine that provides immunity to mammals, especially equines, from infection with equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) and which allows differentiation between vaccinated and non-vaccinated, but exposed, mammals or equines. Preferably said vaccine encompasses at least one mutation in an EIAV which produces a non-functional gene in the vaccine virus that is always expressed in disease-producing wild-type EIA viruses. Additionally, said EIA vaccine virus cannot cause clinical disease in mammals or spread or shed to other mammals including equines.

Abstract: The invention provides an equine infectious anemia (EIA) vaccine that provides immunity to mammals, especially equines, from infection with equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) and which allows differentiation between vaccinated and non-vaccinated, but exposed, mammals or equines. Preferably said vaccine encompasses at least one mutation in an EIAV which produces a non-functional gene in the vaccine virus that is always expressed in disease-producing wild-type EIA viruses. Additionally, said EIA vaccine virus cannot cause clinical disease in mammals or spread or shed to other mammals including equines.

Abstract: The invention provides an equine infectious anemia (EIA) vaccine that provides immunity to mammals, especially equines, from infection with equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) and which allows differentiation between vaccinated and non-vaccinated, but exposed, mammals or equines. Preferably said vaccine encompasses at least one mutation in an EIAV which produces a non-functional gene in the vaccine virus that is always expressed in disease-producing wild-type EIA viruses. Additionally, said EIA vaccine virus cannot cause clinical disease in mammals or spread or shed to other mammals including equines.

Abstract: The invention provides an equine infectious anemia (EIA) vaccine that provides immunity to mammals, especially equines, from infection with equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) and which allows differentiation between vaccinated and non-vaccinated, but exposed, mammals or equines. Preferably said vaccine encompasses at least one mutation in an EIAV which produces a non-functional gene in the vaccine virus that is always expressed in disease-producing wild-type EIA viruses. Additionally, said EIA vaccine virus cannot cause clinical disease in mammals or spread or shed to other mammals including equines.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for infecting equines with an equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) in order to reproduce a natural infection challenge model. More specifically, the invention provides a multiple low dose equine EIA challenge model comprising administering at least 1 median horse infective dose to an equine using an intravenous route of administration. It is preferable that the EIAV be administered on a repeated basis. The multiple low dose EIA challenge model described herein can be used for testing efficacy of vaccines, treatments and diagnostic tests.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a vaccine which provides immunity to mammals from infection and/or disease caused by a lentivirus, such as equine infectious anemia virus, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) or simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) said composition comprising a deletion in a gene that blocks replication of the virus in vivo. Said composition allows differentiation between vaccinated and non-vaccinated, but exposed, mammals and provides safety and immunity when administered as a vaccine to mammals. Preferably said composition encompasses at least one deletion in a lentivirus which allows mammals to be safely vaccinated and provides protection from exposure to wild-type lentiviruses. It also encompasses a marker vaccine in which a foreign gene is inserted into the gene-deleted region, said inserted gene providing a diagnostic tool for use in vaccinated mammals and, potentially, protection from infection from a foreign disease.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a vaccine which provides immunity to mammals from infection and/or disease caused by a lentivirus, such as equine infectious anemia virus, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) or simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) said composition comprising a deletion in a gene that blocks replication of the virus in vivo. Said composition allows differentiation between vaccinated and non-vaccinated, but exposed, mammals and provides safety and immunity when administered as a vaccine to mammals. Preferably said composition encompasses at least one deletion in a lentivirus which allows mammals to be safely vaccinated and provides protection from exposure to wild-type lentiviruses. It also encompasses a marker vaccine in which a foreign gene is inserted into the gene-deleted region, said inserted gene providing a diagnostic tool for use in vaccinated mammals and, potentially, protection from infection from a foreign disease.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a vaccine which provides immunity to mammals from infection and/or disease caused by a lentivirus, such as equine infectious anemia virus, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) or simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) said composition comprising a deletion in a gene that blocks replication of the virus in vivo. Said composition allows differentiation between vaccinated and non-vaccinated, but exposed, mammals and provides safety and immunity when administered as a vaccine to mammals. Preferably said composition encompasses at least one deletion in a lentivirus which allows mammals to be safely vaccinated and provides protection from exposure to wild-type lentiviruses. It also encompasses a marker vaccine in which a foreign gene is inserted into the gene-deleted region, said inserted gene providing a diagnostic tool for use in vaccinated mammals and, potentially, protection from infection from a foreign disease.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a vaccine which provides immunity to mammals from infection and/or disease caused by a lentivirus, such as equine infectious anemia virus, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) or simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) said composition comprising a deletion in a gene that blocks replication of the virus in vivo. Preferably said composition encompasses at least one deletion in a lentivirus which provides protection from exposure to wild-type lentiviruses. It also encompasses a marker vaccine in which a foreign gene is inserted into the gene-deleted region, said inserted gene providing a diagnostic tool for use in vaccinated mammals. The scope of the invention encompasses an EIAV vaccine that allows equines to be safely vaccinated and protected from disease without converting to a seropositive status on the Coggin's Test or any other test which measures p26.