Abstract: The present disclosure provides devices and methods of using same for cleansing a solution (e.g., a salt or used dialysis solution) of urea via electrooxidation, and more specifically to cleansing a renal therapy solution/dialysis solution of urea via electrooxidation so that the renal therapy solution/dialysis solution can be used or reused for treatment of a patient. In an embodiment, a device for the removal of urea from a fluid having urea to produce a cleansed fluid includes a urea decomposition unit and an electrodialysis unit.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides devices and methods of using same for cleansing a solution (e.g., a salt or used dialysis solution) of urea via electrooxidation, and more specifically to cleansing a renal therapy solution/dialysis solution of urea via electrooxidation so that the renal therapy solution/dialysis solution can be used or reused for treatment of a patient. In an embodiment, a device for the removal of urea from a fluid having urea to produce a cleansed fluid includes a urea decomposition unit and an electrodialysis unit.

Abstract: A urea separation apparatus is described herein. In an embodiment, the urea separation apparatus includes a blood compartment that is a part of an extracorporeal circuit fluidly connected to a patient and configured to receive blood of the patient. The apparatus also includes a waste membrane enclosing the blood compartment that is configured to filter waste from the blood. The apparatus further includes a dialysis fluid compartment located on an opposite side of the waste membrane from the blood compartment. The dialysis fluid compartment includes dialysis fluid that absorbs the waste from the waste membrane. The apparatus moreover includes a charged membrane enclosing the dialysis fluid compartment. The charged membrane is configured to filter at least a portion of the waste from the dialysis fluid. Additionally, the apparatus includes a urea compartment that circulates secondary fluid for absorbing the portion of the waste from the charged membrane.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides devices and methods of using same for cleansing a solution (e.g., a salt or used dialysis solution) of urea via electrooxidation, and more specifically to cleansing a renal therapy solution/dialysis solution of urea via electrooxidation so that the renal therapy solution/dialysis solution can be used or reused for treatment of a patient. In an embodiment, a device for the removal of urea from a fluid having urea to produce a cleansed fluid includes a urea decomposition unit and an electrodialysis unit.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for regenerating used dialysis fluid are described herein. In an embodiment, a regenerative dialysis fluid system includes a dialysis unit configured to generate used dialysis fluid including urea, a urea separation unit configured to separate at least a portion of the urea from the used dialysis fluid into a secondary fluid, and a urea removal unit configured to remove at least a portion of the urea from the secondary fluid and return the secondary fluid to the urea separation unit. In an embodiment, the urea separation unit includes a membrane separating a dialysis fluid chamber from a urea chamber, the membrane including at least one of: (i) a positive charge to prevent positive ions from transporting across the membrane; and (ii) a negative charge to prevent negative ions from transporting across the membrane.

Abstract: A method of cleaning used dialysis fluid having urea to produce a cleaned dialysis fluid, the method including passing the used dialysis fluid having urea through a combination electrodialysis and urea oxidation cell, the cell including (i) a first set of electrodes for separation of the used dialysis fluid having urea into an acid stream and a basic stream, wherein the first set of electrodes includes an anode and a cathode; (ii) one or more second set of electrodes positioned to contact the basic stream with an electrocatalytic surface for decomposition of urea via electrooxidation, wherein the one or more second set of electrodes includes an anode and a cathode; and (iii) at least one power source to provide the first and second sets of electrodes with an electrical charge to activate the electrocatalytic surface.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides devices and methods of using same for cleansing a solution (e.g., a salt or used dialysis solution) of urea via electrooxidation, and more specifically to cleansing a renal therapy solution/dialysis solution of urea via electrooxidation so that the renal therapy solution/dialysis solution can be used or reused for treatment of a patient. In an embodiment, a device for the removal of urea from a fluid having urea to produce a cleansed fluid includes a urea decomposition unit and an electrodialysis unit.

Abstract: A method of cleaning used dialysis fluid having urea to produce a cleaned dialysis fluid, the method including passing the used dialysis fluid having urea through a combination electrodialysis and urea oxidation cell, the cell including (i) a first set of electrodes for separation of the used dialysis fluid having urea into an acid stream and a basic stream, wherein the first set of electrodes includes an anode and a cathode; (ii) one or more second set of electrodes positioned to contact the basic stream with an electrocatalytic surface for decomposition of urea via electrooxidation, wherein the one or more second set of electrodes includes an anode and a cathode; and (iii) at least one power source to provide the first and second sets of electrodes with an electrical charge to activate the electrocatalytic surface.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for regenerating used dialysis fluid are described herein. In an embodiment, a regenerative dialysis fluid system includes a dialysis unit configured to generate used dialysis fluid including urea, a urea separation unit configured to separate at least a portion of the urea from the used dialysis fluid into a secondary fluid, and a urea removal unit configured to remove at least a portion of the urea from the secondary fluid and return the secondary fluid to the urea separation unit. In an embodiment, the urea separation unit includes a membrane separating a dialysis fluid chamber from a urea chamber, the membrane including at least one of: (i) a positive charge to prevent positive ions from transporting across the membrane; and (ii) a negative charge to prevent negative ions from transporting across the membrane.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides devices and methods of using same for cleansing a solution (e.g., a salt or used dialysis solution) of urea via electrooxidation, and more specifically to cleansing a renal therapy solution/dialysis solution of urea via electrooxidation so that the renal therapy solution/dialysis solution can be used or reused for treatment of a patient. In an embodiment, a device for the removal of urea from a fluid having urea to produce a cleansed fluid includes a urea decomposition unit and an electrodialysis unit.

Abstract: A method of cleaning used dialysis fluid having urea to produce a cleaned dialysis fluid, the method including passing the used dialysis fluid having urea through a combination electrodialysis and urea oxidation cell, the cell including (i) a first set of electrodes for separation of the used dialysis fluid having urea into an acid stream and a basic stream, wherein the first set of electrodes includes an anode and a cathode; (ii) one or more second set of electrodes positioned to contact the basic stream with an electrocatalytic surface for decomposition of urea via electrooxidation, wherein the one or more second set of electrodes includes an anode and a cathode; and (iii) at least one power source to provide the first and second sets of electrodes with an electrical charge to activate the electrocatalytic surface.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for regenerating used dialysis fluid are described herein. In an embodiment, a regenerative dialysis fluid system includes a dialysis unit configured to generate used dialysis fluid including urea, a urea separation unit configured to separate at least a portion of the urea from the used dialysis fluid into a secondary fluid, and a urea removal unit configured to remove at least a portion of the urea from the secondary fluid and return the secondary fluid to the urea separation unit. In an embodiment, the urea separation unit includes a membrane separating a dialysis fluid chamber from a urea chamber, the membrane including at least one of: (i) a positive charge to prevent positive ions from transporting across the membrane; and (ii) a negative charge to prevent negative ions from transporting across the membrane.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides devices and methods of using same for cleansing a solution (e.g., a salt solution) of urea via electrooxidation, and more specifically to cleansing a renal therapy solution/dialysis solution of urea via electrooxidation so that the renal therapy solution/dialysis solution can be used or reused for treatment of a patient. In an embodiment, a device for the removal of urea from a fluid having urea to produce a cleansed fluid includes a combination electrodialysis and urea oxidation cell.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides devices and methods of using same for cleansing a solution (e.g., a salt solution) of urea via electrooxidation, and more specifically to cleansing a renal therapy solution/dialysis solution of urea via electrooxidation so that the renal therapy solution/dialysis solution can be used or reused for treatment of a patient. In an embodiment, a device for the removal of urea from a fluid having urea to produce a cleansed fluid includes a urea decomposition unit and an electrodialysis unit.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for regenerating used dialysis fluid are described herein. In an embodiment, a regenerative dialysis fluid system includes a dialysis unit configured to generate used dialysis fluid including urea, a urea separation unit configured to separate at least a portion of the urea from the used dialysis fluid into a secondary fluid, and a urea removal unit configured to remove at least a portion of the urea from the secondary fluid and return the secondary fluid to the urea separation unit. In an embodiment, the urea separation unit includes a membrane separating a dialysis fluid chamber from a urea chamber, the membrane including at least one of: (i) a positive charge to prevent positive ions from transporting across the membrane; and (ii) a negative charge to prevent negative ions from transporting across the membrane.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides devices and methods of using same for cleansing a solution (e.g., a salt solution) of urea via electrooxidation, and more specifically to cleansing a renal therapy solution/dialysis solution of urea via electrooxidation so that the renal therapy solution/dialysis solution can be used or reused for treatment of a patient. In an embodiment, a device for the removal of urea from a fluid having urea to produce a cleansed fluid includes a combination electrodialysis and urea oxidation cell.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides devices and methods of using same for cleansing a solution (e.g., a salt solution) of urea via electrooxidation, and more specifically to cleansing a renal therapy solution/dialysis solution of urea via electrooxidation so that the renal therapy solution/dialysis solution can be used or reused for treatment of a patient. In an embodiment, a device for the removal of urea from a fluid having urea to produce a cleansed fluid includes a urea decomposition unit and an electrodialysis unit.

Abstract: A membrane capable of sensing gaseous phase ammonia is provided. The membrane includes a hydrophobic membrane layer that has a microporous structure and a pH sensitive dye embedded within the microporous structure such that the membrane is capable of calorimetrically sensing a change in ammonia with a high degree of sensitivity and responsiveness as applied to, for example, a change in ammonia dissolved in a dialysis solution during dialysis therapy.