Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for treating sewage destined for discharge into the sea. The fluid treatment process comprises conducting the sewage through bar racks, and degritters to remove large scale particles, extracting intermediate size particulate material in a rotary drum screen, introducing a chemical composition into the fluid to promote coagulation of particles having an average particle size of less than about 1 micron, filtering the fluid containing said coagulated particles through a deep bed multi-media filter, adjusting the quantity of dissolved oxygen in the filtrate to a predetermined level and discharging the oxygenated fluid to the sea some distance offshore to permit dispersal of any remaining contaminants by action of wind and currents.

Abstract: First, a cleansing fluid is injected under high pressure into a well liner and out through the apertures in the liner so as to travel through a particular slice of the underground formation adjacent the lining in order to dissolve chemical deposits and dislodge physical obstructions. Then, an entraining fluid is injected into the well liner under high pressure and into the formation in order to entrain the dissolved or dislodged particles in the formation and carry them into the well. Next, the captured particles are pumped out of the well to the surface for eventual disposal. The cleansing and entraining fluids are injected into a flexible hose which is connected to a high pressure source. The hose is surrounded by a pipe which carries the particles flushed from the underground formation to the surface. The pipe is surrounded by a series of packers which are inflated by the injected fluids.

Abstract: A filtration and backwashing apparatus, for use with a filtration system of the type having a filter bed, passes fluids through the entire cross-sectional area of a filter media bed at an even and uniform rate. The apparatus includes two plenum chambers, one being formed between a slotted plate supporting the filter media and the top of the structural deck, the second or lower chamber being formed below the structural fluid-tight deck; nozzles communicating between the two plenum chambers; and means to introduce and pass fluid, either air or water into either the upper or lower plenum chamber.

Abstract: First, a cleansing fluid is injected under high pressure into a well liner and out through the apertures in the liner so as to travel through a particular slice of the underground formation adjacent the lining in order to dissolve chemical deposits and dislodge physical obstructions. Then, an entraining fluid is injected into the well liner under high pressure and into the formation in order to entrain the dissolved or dislodged particles in the formation and carry them into the well. Next, the captured particles are pumped out of the well to the surface for eventual disposal.The cleansing and entraining fluids are injected into a flexible hose which is connected to a high pressure source. The hose is surrounded by a pipe which carries the particles flushed from the underground formation to the surface. The pipe is surrounded by a series of packers which are inflated by the injected fluids.