Abstract: An end effector for a weeding robot is provided, comprising an end effector frame arranged to be connected to a robot arm, a plurality of rotation members, each rotation member being rotatably connected to the end effector frame, and each rotation member being arranged to be rotated around an individual rotation axis, wherein the rotation axes are disposed on a circle, and wherein each rotation member comprises a radially extending finger, of which distal ends extend to a centre of the circle on which the rotation axes are disposed when the end effector is in a closed state.

Abstract: Stable aqueous dye compositions containing at least one anionic colorant and at least one pigment and a polyanionic thickening agent. The dye compositions may be used to dye leather.

Abstract: A copying machine has plural infeed capabilities, being provided for example with plural sheet supply units supplying sheets of different respective types or formats. A control panel is provided with a plurality of operator-activated dual-purpose select-and-start switches. When the operator activates one of these switches, this both selects the respective infeed capability and also commands initiation of copying, so that the operator need not thereafter press a second switch merely to initiate copying. The select-and-start switches are pushbutton switches the pushbuttons of which are translucent and provided, behind them, with respective signal lamps. During a copying operation, the signal lamp behind the one of the select-and-start switches which commanded copying lights up, to indicate that copying is occurring. If one of the supply units is exhausted, the respective signal lamp begins to blink, thereby indicating this to the operator.

Abstract: The data processing device for reading and processing visually observable information taking place on a data carrier includes a hand operated reading unit guidable in a first direction along a line of the text on the data carrier; scanning unit in the form of a column of photoelectric elements is arranged in the reading unit in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the reading unit; and timing means provided in the reading unit for controlling the scanning rate of respective elements in response to the speed of movement of the reading unit.

Abstract: The operation setting device includes a keyboard having stationary control keys arranged on a transparent support plate of insulating material, each key of the keyboard being formed of a pair of transparent electrically conductive material secured to the outer face of the support plate and being connectable to a switching device sensitive to a change of resistance between the contacts in each pair. A visual identification card is located behind the support plate and having its indentification signs in register with respective keys.

Abstract: Film frames of each of a series of spliced-together exposed and developed photographic films are monitored by photoelectric detector means to ascertain the positions of their leading and trailing edges prior to identification of the frames by a punching device ahead of the copying station. Those film frames whose leading and/or trailing edges cannot be detected with a requisite degree of accuracy (e.g., due to overexposure or underexposure) are pinpointed by ascertaining their length on the basis of accurately ascertained length of other film frame or frames in the same film (a) by calculating the position of the trailing edge upon accurate determination of the leading edge (or vice versa), (b) by calculating the positions of both edges on the basis of the distance between two accurately pinpointed frames which flank the frame whose edges are not detectable, (c) by measuring back from a previously pinpointed frame, or (d) by measuring forwardly from a subsequently ascertained frame.

Abstract: An image is formed on a recording medium by illuminating a multitude of points on the surface of the recording medium to form lines of image points. Relative movement is effected between the recording medium and a plurality of light-emitting diodes. The light-emitting diodes are arranged in a plurality of rows. Each row extends parallel to the direction in which a line of image points to be formed upon the recording medium extends. The rows are arranged successively in the direction of relative movement. A plurality of projector lenses is operative for projecting reduced-scale images of the light emitted by the light-emitting elements of the plurality of rows onto a portion of the recording medium on which a single line of image points is to be formed. The projector lenses are arranged in a plurality of lens rows, each of which extends parallel to the direction of the line of image points to be formed.

Abstract: A process of forming on a copying material from an original having respective minimum and maximum density values D.sub.min and D.sub.max a copy having respective minimum and maximum density values P and Q, different from D.sub.min and D.sub.max, comprising the steps of: forming first and second non-superimposed test wedge images by exposing first and second specimens of the copying material to light of respective first and second colors, the exposure of the first and second specimens being such that the respective average exposure times are T.sub.B and T.sub.G, with the exposure to light varying across each specimen according to a preselected relationship, determining from the first test wedge image the density values D.sub.1 and D.sub.3 which an original must have to produce upon the copying material the respective density values P and Q if the copying of such original onto the copying material is performed with light of the first color for an exposure time T.sub.

Abstract: An image consisting of a multitude of image points is formed by effecting relative transport between a plurality of light-emitting diodes and a recording medium. The diodes are arranged in rows. The rows are arranged successively in the transport direction. The rows extend at an angle relative to the transport direction. The diodes of each single row are offset relative to those of the other row, in direction transverse to the transport direction, by an amount equal to the distance between adjoining diodes in a single row divided by the number of rows, and/or multiples of that amount. Each diode is provided with an optical unit which projects onto the recording medium a reduced image of the light emitted by the diode.

Abstract: Relative movement is effected between a recording medium and a row of light-emitting diodes (LED's). The row of LED's extends parallel to the direction in which the line of image points to be formed extends, and transverse to the direction of relative movement. Reduced-scale images of the LED's are projected onto the line on the recording medium on which the line of image points is to be formed. The LED's and/or the optical units forming the reduced-scale images are oscillated in a direction parallel to the direction in which the line of image points to be formed extends. Each image of an LED sweeps a straight linear region on the recording-medium line at least equal in length to the distance between adjoining LED's of the LED-row. During each n.sup.th half-period of oscillation, a succession of control signals is applied to each LED, determining a succession of adjoining image points which the respective LED forms upon the recording-medium line in question; n is an integer.

Abstract: Light is projected as a beam from a fixed laser source onto a helical reflecting surface continuously rotating about its central axis. The beam impinges the reflecting surface in an incident direction substantially parallel to the rotation axis and is reflected from the surface in a direction skew to this axis. A reflector extending the full axial length of the reflecting surface then reflects the beam back onto the reflecting surface in a direction so oriented that the reflecting surface reflects the beam a second time, but now in a direction generally perpendicular to the axis of rotation. The reflecting surface and the reflector are both concave so as to condense the beam.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device in which an etching process is used so as to etch regions consisting of A.sup.III B.sup.V compounds selectively relative to each other. According to the invention in the etching process an etching bath is used having a water-dissolved oxidizing material and a reducing material constituting together a redox system. In such an etching bath with redox system the selectivity is established by the choice of the concentrations of the materials and of the pH.

Abstract: A semiconductor device having a p-n junction for emitting incoherent radiation. According to the invention, one or several diodes are obtained in the same semiconductor body and starting from a substrate having a diffused or epitaxial layer of opposite conductivity types, by dividing the layer into one or more active regions by one or more grooves and bounding said islands by a cleavage plane at right angles to the p-n junction. Of the grooves, at least a part extends substantially parallel to the second surface. The body and preferably also the grooves are covered with an insulating layer in which a contact window is provided on the active regions and an electrode layer is provided over substantially the whole surface. As a result, small diodes having a large surface brightness are obtained on a body of handleable dimensions having a flat surface with a comparatively low current consumption.

Abstract: The copier includes a fixing arrangement for the heat-treatment of copying material by means of a heating device, and a blower operative for keeping the heat of the fixing arrangement away from heat-sensitive components of the copier, particularly the copying drum, by establishing a flow of cooling air travelling along a first predetermined flow path. The safety arrangement includes a diverting device activatable for diverting at least part of the flow of cooling air established by the blower away from the first flow path and into a second flow path leading through the interior of the fixing arrangement to effect cooling of the interior of the fixing arrangement. A detecting device detects copier malfunction. A control unit connected to the diverting device and to the detecting device is operative in response to detection of copier malfunction for activating the diverting device, to prevent copying material in the fixing arrangement from becoming damaged or ignited due to overheating.