Abstract: A method for detecting change points, CPs, in a signal of a process automation system, includes, in an offline learning phase, unsupervised, candidate CPs on at least one offline signal using unsupervised detection method are detected, CPs are selected from the candidate CPs; the selected CPs are provided to a supervised process; in the supervised process, an offline machine-learning (ML) system is trained to refine CPs from the selected CPs using a supervised machine learning method; a training data set for an online ML system is created using the offline ML system by projecting the refined CPs on the signal; the online ML system is trained in a supervised manner, using the created training data set; and after the offline learning phase, CPs are detected using the trained online ML system.

Abstract: A method for analysing process data related to a segment of a production process includes providing a process data sequence of the segment of the production process exhibiting a data pattern of at least one process variable to be analyzed; providing a set of metadata; determining process data sequences, which are stored in a first database; determining a start timestamp and end timestamp of each of the determined process data sequence, based on the first database; and calculating a similarity value for each of the determined process data sequences compared to the provided process data sequence, based on the data pattern of the at least one process variable, wherein the determined process data sequences for the calculation are provided, based on the related start timestamps and end timestamps, by accessing a second database comprising the process data sequences, for analysing the process data.