Abstract: Structures, systems, and methods for vehicle-to-road technology for one or more of alignment, stopping, slowing, and slipping by electromagnetic forces are disclosed, including a road system, comprising a road having a longitudinal axis and containing ferrous material positioned in a pattern aligned with the longitudinal axis, the pattern configured to, when the ferrous material is magnetized, generate a magnetic force such that a vehicle on the road is guided by the magnetic force. In some implementations, the pattern may be configured to, when the ferrous material is magnetized, generate the magnetic force such that the vehicle on the road is guided by the magnetic force in a predetermined direction. The ferrous material may be configured to change between a magnetized state and an unmagnetized state based on application of an electrical current to the ferrous material.

Abstract: Structures, systems, and methods for controlling water flow in relation to an underpass space of a road support structure, including a method comprising receiving precipitation forecast data; receiving water volume data for water flowing toward an underpass space of a support assembly underlying a road, wherein a first culvert is positioned through the underpass space and a second culvert positioned around the support assembly configured to transfer water around the support assembly, and wherein one or more barriers are positioned to control flow of water within the first and second culvert; predicting water volume input to the underpass space based on the water volume data and the precipitation forecast data; and controlling the position of the one or more barriers to control flow of water within the first culvert and the second culvert based on the predicted water volume input.

Abstract: Structures, systems, and methods for controlling water flow in relation to an underpass space of a road support structure are disclosed, including a method comprising receiving precipitation forecast data; receiving water volume data for water flowing toward an underpass space of a support assembly underlying a road, wherein a first culvert is positioned through the underpass space and a second culvert positioned around the support assembly configured to transfer water around the support assembly, and wherein one or more barriers are positioned to control flow of water within the first and second culvert; predicting water volume input to the underpass space based on the water volume data and the precipitation forecast data; and controlling the position of the one or more barriers to control flow of water within the first culvert and the second culvert based on the predicted water volume input.

Abstract: Structures and methods for controlling road temperature over an underpass space are disclosed, including a structure comprising: footings underlying the road supporting a support assembly comprising: an inner shell; a plurality of beams surmounting the inner shell; an insulating material for thermally isolating the road and the remainder of the support assembly from the underpass space; an outer shell; a temperature control assembly; temperature sensors disposed in the road and the support assembly; and a computer processor configured to receive temperature and weather forecast data; predict changes to the temperature of the support assembly and the road based on the temperature and forecast data; and control the application or removal of heat to the support assembly, based on the predicted changes to the temperature of the support assembly and the road, resulting in the road maintaining a temperature within a predetermined range.

Abstract: Controlled internal atmosphere systems and methods are disclosed, including a system comprising a cell having a top, a bottom, and wall(s) extending between the top and bottom defining an enclosed area inside the cell; the top and wall comprising a first layer having embedded energy-transfer tubing, a sealant layer outside the first layer, an aerated substrate layer outside the sealant layer, and an impermeable layer outside the substrate layer; a heating/cooling unit connectable to the tubing to control the temperature of the first layer and thereby control the temperature of an atmosphere of the enclosed area inside the cell; sensor(s) within the enclosed area; and a computer configured to receive input from the sensor(s) indicative of the condition of the enclosed area atmosphere, to receive input regarding environmental conditions outside of the cell, and to control operation of the heating/cooling unit based on the received input and predicted effects.

Abstract: Controlled internal atmosphere systems and methods are disclosed, including a system comprising a cell having a top, a bottom, and wall(s) extending between the top and bottom defining an enclosed area inside the cell; the top and wall comprising a first layer having embedded energy-transfer tubing, a sealant layer outside the first layer, an aerated substrate layer outside the sealant layer, and an impermeable layer outside the substrate layer; a heating/cooling unit connectable to the tubing to control the temperature of the first layer and thereby control the temperature of an atmosphere of the enclosed area inside the cell; sensor(s) within the enclosed area; and a computer configured to receive input from the sensor(s) indicative of the condition of the enclosed area atmosphere, to receive input regarding environmental conditions outside of the cell, and to control operation of the heating/cooling unit based on the received input and predicted effects.

Abstract: A structure for supporting a road along a road axis over an underpass space spanned by the structure. The structure includes two footings underlying the road with each support assembly being securely mounted to the earth. The structure also includes an arcuate support assembly supported by the footings. The support assembly extends at least the width of the road and traverses the underpass space for supporting the road across the underpass space spanned by the structure. The support assembly includes a substantially continuous inner shell, a plurality of spatially disposed, rigid, resilient beams supported by the footings, an insulating material disposed in the cavities formed in between the rigid, resilient beams, and an outer shell encasing the rigid, resilient beams and the insulating material. A substantially fluid impermeable material substantially encases the support assembly and a fill material extends from the substantially fluid impermeable material to support the road.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing a controlled environment for storing, producing, growing and/or processing at least one item. The method includes the steps of introducing an item into an enclosed storage space separated from an interior of a first thermal mass layer by a vessel formed of a heat conductive material. The exterior of the first thermal mass layer is then thermally isolated and the temperature of the first thermal mass is regulated to control the temperature in the enclosed storage space.