Patents by Inventor Russell Higbee
Russell Higbee has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
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Patent number: 9625444Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of constructing an integrated artificial immune system that comprises appropriate in vitro cellular and tissue constructs or their equivalents to mimic the normal tissues that interact with vaccines in mammals. The artificial immune system can be used to test the efficacy of vaccine candidates in vitro and thus, is useful to accelerate vaccine development and testing drug and chemical interaction with the immune system.Type: GrantFiled: March 20, 2014Date of Patent: April 18, 2017Assignees: SANOFI PASTEUR VAXDESIGN CORPORATION, THE SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, THE WHITEHEAD INSTITUTE FOR BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH, MOUNT SINAI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE OF NEW YORK UNIVERSITYInventors: William L Warren, Heather Fahlenkamp, Russell Higbee, Anatoly Kachurin, Conan Li, Mike Nguyen, Robert Parkhill, Guzman Sanchez-Schmitz, Darrell J. Irvine, Gwendalyn J. Randolph, Nir Hacohen, Bruce Torbett
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Patent number: 9566250Abstract: The present invention comprises artificial tissue constructs that serve as in vitro models of mammalian lung tissue. The artificial tissue constructs of the present invention comprise functionally equivalent in vitro tissue scaffolds that enable immunophysiological function of the lung. The constructs can serve as novel platforms for the study of lung diseases (e.g., interstitial lung diseases, fibrosis, influenza, RSV) as well as smoke- and smoking-related diseases. The artificial tissue constructs of the present invention comprise the two components of alveolar tissue, epithelial and endothelial cell layers.Type: GrantFiled: January 13, 2014Date of Patent: February 14, 2017Assignee: SANOFI PASTEUR VAXDESIGN CORPORATIONInventors: Ayesha Mahmood, Anatoly Kachurin, William Warren, Russell Higbee
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Publication number: 20140273209Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of constructing an integrated artificial immune system that comprises appropriate in vitro cellular and tissue constructs or their equivalents to mimic the normal tissues that interact with vaccines in mammals. The artificial immune system can be used to test the efficacy of vaccine candidates in vitro and thus, is useful to accelerate vaccine development and testing drug and chemical interaction with the immune system.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 20, 2014Publication date: September 18, 2014Applicants: SANOFI PASTEUR VAXDESIGN CORPORATION, THE SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, MOUNT SINAI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE OF NEW YORK UNIVERSITY, THE WHITEHEAD INSTITUTE FOR BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH, MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYInventors: William L WARREN, Heather FAHLENKAMP, Russell HIGBEE, Anatoly KACHURIN, Conan LI, Mike NGUYEN, Robert PARKHILL, Guzman SANCHEZ-SCHMITZ, Darrell J. IRVINE, Gwendalyn J. RANDOLPH, Nir HACOHEN, Bruce TORBETT
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Publication number: 20140147482Abstract: The present invention comprises artificial tissue constructs that serve as in vitro models of mammalian lung tissue. The artificial tissue constructs of the present invention comprise functionally equivalent in vitro tissue scaffolds that enable immunophysiological function of the lung. The constructs can serve as novel platforms for the study of lung diseases (e.g., interstitial lung diseases, fibrosis, influenza, RSV) as well as smoke- and smoking-related diseases. The artificial tissue constructs of the present invention comprise the two components of alveolar tissue, epithelial and endothelial cell layers.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 13, 2014Publication date: May 29, 2014Applicant: SANOFI PASTEUR VAXDESIGN CORPORATIONInventors: Ayesha MAHMOOD, Anatoly KACHURIN, William WARREN, Russell HIGBEE
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Patent number: 8722402Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of constructing an integrated artificial immune system that comprises appropriate in vitro cellular and tissue constructs or their equivalents to mimic the normal tissues that interact with vaccines in mammals. The artificial immune system can be used to test the efficacy of vaccine candidates in vitro and thus, is useful to accelerate vaccine development and testing drug and chemical interaction with the immune system.Type: GrantFiled: September 10, 2012Date of Patent: May 13, 2014Assignees: Sanofi Pasteur Vaxdesign Corporation, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, The Whitehead Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, The Scripps Research InstituteInventors: William L Warren, Heather Fahlenkamp, Russell Higbee, Anatoly Kachurin, Conan Li, Mike Nguyen, Robert Parkhill, Guzman Sanchez-Schmitz, Darrell J. Irvine, Gwendalyn J. Randolph, Nir Harcohen, Bruce Torbett
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Patent number: 8669105Abstract: The present invention incorporates germinal centers (GCs) into three-dimensional (3D) engineered tissue constructs (ETCs). In an embodiment, we have incorporated the GC in the design of an artificial immune system (AIS) to examine immune responses to vaccines and other compounds. Development of an in vitro GC adds functionality to an AIS, in that it enables generation of an in vitro human humoral response by human B lymphocytes that is accurate and reproducible, without using human subjects. The invention also permits evaluation of, for example, vaccines, allergens, and immunogens, and activation of human B cells specific for a given antigen, which can then be used to generate human antibodies. In an embodiment of the present invention the function of the in vitro GC is enhanced by placing FDCs and other immune cells in a 3D ETC; FDCs appear more effective over a longer time (antibody production is sustained for up to about 14 days.Type: GrantFiled: June 23, 2011Date of Patent: March 11, 2014Assignees: Sanofi Pasteur Vaxdesign Corp., Virginia Commonwealth UniversityInventors: Selva Sukumar, Mohey Eldin M. El Shikh, John G. Tew, Guzman Sanchez-Schmitz, Donald Drake, III, Luis Mosquera, Conan Li, Anatoly M. Kachurin, Russell Higbee, Heather Fahlenkamp, Eric Mishkin, William L. Warren
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Patent number: 8647837Abstract: The present invention comprises artificial tissue constructs that serve as in vitro models of mammalian lung tissue. The artificial tissue constructs of the present invention comprise functionally equivalent in vitro tissue scaffolds that enable immunophysiological function of the lung. The constructs can serve as novel platforms for the study of lung diseases (e.g., interstitial lung diseases, fibrosis, influenza, RSV) as well as smoke- and smoking-related diseases. The artificial tissue constructs of the present invention comprise the two components of alveolar tissue, epithelial and endothelial cell layers.Type: GrantFiled: July 16, 2008Date of Patent: February 11, 2014Assignee: Sanofi Pasteur Vaxdesign Corp.Inventors: Ayesha Mahmood, Anatoly Kachurin, William Warren, Russell Higbee
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Publication number: 20130078656Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of constructing an integrated artificial immune system that comprises appropriate in vitro cellular and tissue constructs or their equivalents to mimic the normal tissues that interact with vaccines in mammals. The artificial immune system can be used to test the efficacy of vaccine candidates in vitro and thus, is useful to accelerate vaccine development and testing drug and chemical interaction with the immune system.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 10, 2012Publication date: March 28, 2013Applicants: SANOFI PASTEUR VAXDESIGN CORPORATION, THE WHITEHEAD INSTITUTE FOR BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH, MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, THE SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTEInventors: William L. WARREN, Heather FAHLENKAMP, Russell HIGBEE, Anatoly KACHURIN, Conan LI, Mike NGUYEN, Robert PARKHILL, Guzman SANCHEZ-SCHMITZ, Darrell J. IRVINE, Gwendalyn J. RANDOLPH, Nir HACOHEN, Bruce TORBETT
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Patent number: 8298823Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of constructing an integrated artificial immune system that comprises appropriate in vitro cellular and tissue constructs or their equivalents to mimic the normal tissues that interact with vaccines in mammals. The artificial immune system can be used to test the efficacy of vaccine candidates in vitro and thus, is useful to accelerate vaccine development and testing drug and chemical interactions with the immune system.Type: GrantFiled: March 24, 2010Date of Patent: October 30, 2012Assignee: Sanofi Pasteur Vaxdesign CorporationInventors: William L. Warren, Robert Parkhill, Michael N. Nguyen, Guzman Sanchez-Schmitz, Heather Fahlenkamp, Russell Higbee, Donald Drake, III, Anatoly Kachurin, David Moe
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Patent number: 8288159Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of constructing an integrated artificial immune system that comprises appropriate in vitro cellular and tissue constructs or their equivalents to mimic the normal tissues that interact with vaccines in mammals. The artificial immune system can be used to test the efficacy of vaccine candidates in vitro and thus, is useful to accelerate vaccine development and testing drug and chemical interaction with the immune system.Type: GrantFiled: March 17, 2010Date of Patent: October 16, 2012Assignee: Sanofi Pasteur Vaxdesign Corp. et al.Inventors: William L Warren, Heather Fahlenkamp, Russell Higbee, Anatoly Kachurin, Conan Li, Mike Nguyen, Robert Parkhill, Guzman Sanchez-Schmitz, Darrell J. Irvine, Gwendalyn J. Randolph, Nir Harcohen, Bruce Torbett
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Patent number: 8247226Abstract: The present invention incorporates germinal centers (GCs) into three-dimensional (3D) engineered tissue constructs (ETCs). In an embodiment, we have incorporated the GC in the design of an artificial immune system (AIS) to examine immune responses to vaccines and other compounds. Development of an in vitro GC adds functionality to an AIS, in that it enables generation of an in vitro human humoral response by human B lymphocytes that is accurate and reproducible, without using human subjects. The invention also permits evaluation of, for example, vaccines, allergens, and immunogens, and activation of human B cells specific for a given antigen, which can then be used to generate human antibodies. In an embodiment of the present invention the function of the in vitro GC is enhanced by placing FDCs and other immune cells in a 3D ETC; FDCs appear more effective over a longer time (antibody production is sustained for up to about 14 days.Type: GrantFiled: June 23, 2011Date of Patent: August 21, 2012Assignee: Sanofi Pasteur Vaxdesign Corp.Inventors: Selva Sukumar, Mohey Eldin M. El Shikh, John G. Tew, Guzman Sanchez-Schmitz, Donald Drake, III, Luis Mosquera, Conan Li, Anatoly M. Kachurin, Russell Higbee, Heather Fahlenkamp, Eric Mishkin, William L. Warren
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Patent number: 8119403Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for preparing an artificial immune system. The artificial immune system comprises a cell culture comprising a three-dimensional matrix comprising lymphoid tissue, a three-dimensional matrix comprising epithelial and/or endothelial cells, and diseased cells. The artificial immune system of the present invention can be used for in vitro testing of vaccines, adjuvants, immunotherapy candidates, cosmetics, drugs, biologics and other chemicals.Type: GrantFiled: March 5, 2010Date of Patent: February 21, 2012Assignee: Sanofi Pasteur Vaxdesign Corp.Inventors: William L. Warren, Russell Higbee, Eric Mishkin, Guzman Sanchez-Schmitz, Heather Fahlenkamp, Michael Rivard
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Publication number: 20110269176Abstract: The present invention incorporates germinal centers (GCs) into three-dimensional (3D) engineered tissue constructs (ETCs). In an embodiment, we have incorporated the GC in the design of an artificial immune system (AIS) to examine immune responses to vaccines and other compounds. Development of an in vitro GC adds functionality to an AIS, in that it enables generation of an in vitro human humoral response by human B lymphocytes that is accurate and reproducible, without using human subjects. The invention also permits evaluation of, for example, vaccines, allergens, and immunogens, and activation of human B cells specific for a given antigen, which can then be used to generate human antibodies. In an embodiment of the present invention the function of the in vitro GC is enhanced by placing FDCs and other immune cells in a 3D ETC; FDCs appear more effective over a longer time (antibody production is sustained for up to about 14 days.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 23, 2011Publication date: November 3, 2011Applicant: SANOFI PASTEUR VAXDESIGN CORPORATIONInventors: Selva SUKUMAR, Mohey Eldin M. EL SHIKH, John G. TEW, Guzman SANCHEZ-SCHMITZ, Donald DRAKE, III, Luis MOSQUERA, Eric MISHKIN, Anatoly M. KACHURIN, Russell HIGBEE, Conan LI, William L. WARREN, Heather FAHLENKAMP
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Publication number: 20110250620Abstract: The present invention incorporates germinal centers (GCs) into three-dimensional (3D) engineered tissue constructs (ETCs). In an embodiment, we have incorporated the GC in the design of an artificial immune system (AIS) to examine immune responses to vaccines and other compounds. Development of an in vitro GC adds functionality to an AIS, in that it enables generation of an in vitro human humoral response by human B lymphocytes that is accurate and reproducible, without using human subjects. The invention also permits evaluation of, for example, vaccines, allergens, and immunogens, and activation of human B cells specific for a given antigen, which can then be used to generate human antibodies. In an embodiment of the present invention the function of the in vitro GC is enhanced by placing FDCs and other immune cells in a 3D ETC; FDCs appear more effective over a longer time (antibody production is sustained for up to about 14 days.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 23, 2011Publication date: October 13, 2011Applicant: SANOFI PASTEUR VAXDESIGN CORPORATIONInventors: Selva SUKUMAR, Mohey Eldin M. EL SHIKH, John G. TEW, Guzman SANCHEZ-SCHMITZ, Donald DRAKE, III, Luis MOSQUERA, Eric MISHKIN, Anatoly M. KACHURIN, Russell HIGBEE, Conan LI, William L. WARREN, Heather FAHLENKAMP
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Patent number: 8030070Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of constructing an integrated artificial immune system that comprises appropriate in vitro cellular and tissue constructs or their equivalents to mimic the normal tissues that interact with vaccines in mammals. The artificial immune system can be used to test the efficacy of vaccine candidates in vitro and thus, is useful to accelerate vaccine development and testing drug and chemical interactions with the immune system.Type: GrantFiled: June 21, 2006Date of Patent: October 4, 2011Assignee: Sanofi Pasteur Vaxdesign Corp.Inventors: Guzman Sanchez-Schmitz, Russell Higbee, Heather Fahlenkamp, Darrell J. Irvine, William L. Warren, Donald Drake, III
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Patent number: 8003387Abstract: The present invention incorporates germinal centers (GCs) into three-dimensional (3D) engineered tissue constructs (ETCs). In an embodiment, we have incorporated the GC in the design of an artificial immune system (AIS) to examine immune responses to vaccines and other compounds. Development of an in vitro GC adds functionality to an AIS, in that it enables generation of an in vitro human humoral response by human B lymphocytes that is accurate and reproducible, without using human subjects. The invention also permits evaluation of, for example, vaccines, allergens, and immunogens, and activation of human B cells specific for a given antigen, which can then be used to generate human antibodies. In an embodiment of the present invention the function of the in vitro GC is enhanced by placing FDCs and other immune cells in a 3D ETC; FDCs appear more effective over a longer time (antibody production is sustained for up to about 14 days.Type: GrantFiled: December 21, 2006Date of Patent: August 23, 2011Assignee: Sanofi Pasteur Vaxdesign Corp.Inventors: Selva Sukumar, Mohey Eldin M. El Shikh, John G. Tew, Guzman Sanchez-Schmitz, Donald Drake, III, Luis Mosquera, Eric Mishkin, Anatoly M. Kachurin, Russell Higbee, Conan Li, William L. Warren, Heather Fahlenkamp
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Patent number: 8003385Abstract: The present invention incorporates germinal centers (GCs) into three-dimensional (3D) engineered tissue constructs (ETCs). In an embodiment, we have incorporated the GC in the design of an artificial immune system (AIS) to examine immune responses to vaccines and other compounds. Development of an in vitro GC adds functionality to an AIS, in that it enables generation of an in vitro human humoral response by human B lymphocytes that is accurate and reproducible, without using human subjects. The invention also permits evaluation of, for example, vaccines, allergens, and immunogens, and activation of human B cells specific for a given antigen, which can then be used to generate human antibodies. In an embodiment of the present invention the function of the in vitro GC is enhanced by placing FDCs and other immune cells in a 3D ETC; FDCs appear more effective over a longer time (antibody production is sustained for up to about 14 days.Type: GrantFiled: February 17, 2010Date of Patent: August 23, 2011Assignee: Sanofi Pasteur Vax Design Corp.Inventors: Selva Sukumar, Mohey Eldin M. El Shikh, John G. Tew, Guzman Sanchez-Schmitz, Donald Drake, III, Luis Mosquera, Conan Li, Anatoly M. Kachurin, Russell Higbee, Heather Fahlenkamp, Eric Mishkin, William L. Warren
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Publication number: 20110171689Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of constructing an integrated artificial immune system that comprises appropriate in vitro cellular and tissue constructs or their equivalents to mimic the normal tissues that interact with vaccines in mammals. The artificial immune system can be used to test the efficacy of vaccine candidates in vitro and thus, is useful to accelerate vaccine development and testing drug and chemical interaction with the immune system.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 17, 2010Publication date: July 14, 2011Applicant: VAXDESIGN CORPORATIONInventors: William L. Warren, Heather Fahlenkamp, Russell Higbee, Anatoly Kachurin, Conan Li, Mike Nguyen, Robert Parkhill, Guzman Sanchez-Schmitz, Darrell J. Irvine, Gwendalyn J. Randolph, Nir Hacohen, Bruce Torbett
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Patent number: 7855074Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of constructing an integrated artificial immune system that comprises appropriate in vitro cellular and tissue constructs or their equivalents to mimic the normal tissues that interact with vaccines in mammals. The artificial immune system can be used to test the efficacy of vaccine candidates in vitro and thus, is useful to accelerate vaccine development and testing drug and chemical interaction with the immune system.Type: GrantFiled: April 28, 2005Date of Patent: December 21, 2010Assignee: VaxDesign Corp.Inventors: William L. Warren, Heather Fahlenkamp, Russell Higbee, Anatoly Kachurin, Conan Li, Mike Nguyen, Robert Parkhill, Guzman Sanchez-Schmitz, Darrell J. Irvine, Gwendalyn J. Randolph, Nir Hacohen, Bruce Torbett
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Patent number: 7785883Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of constructing an integrated artificial immune system that comprises appropriate in vitro cellular and tissue constructs or their equivalents to mimic the normal tissues that interact with vaccines in mammals. The artificial immune system can be used to test the efficacy of vaccine candidates in vitro and thus, is useful to accelerate vaccine development and testing drug and chemical interactions with the immune system.Type: GrantFiled: March 15, 2006Date of Patent: August 31, 2010Assignee: Vax Design Corp.Inventors: William L. Warren, Robert Parkhill, Michael N. Nguyen, Guzman Sanchez-Schmitz, Heather Fahlenkamp, Russell Higbee, Donald Drake, III, Anatoly Kachurin, David Moe