Abstract: The present invention relates to dispersions of nanostructured carbon in organic solvents containing alkyl amide compounds and/or diamide compounds. The invention also relates to methods of dispersing nanostructured carbon in organic solvents and methods of mobilizing nanostructured carbon. Also disclosed are methods of determining the purity of nanostructured carbon.

Abstract: A power source and methods thereof includes a structure comprising one or more p type layers, one or more n type layers, and one or more intrinsic layers and at least one source of radiation is disposed on at least a portion of the structure. Each of the p type layers is separated from each of the n type layers by one of the intrinsic layers.

Abstract: An alpha voltaic battery includes at least one layer of a semiconductor material comprising at least one p/n junction, at least one absorption and conversion layer on the at least one layer of semiconductor layer, and at least one alpha particle emitter. The absorption and conversion layer prevents at least a portion of alpha particles from the alpha particle emitter from damaging the p/n junction in the layer of semiconductor material. The absorption and conversion layer also converts at least a portion of energy from the alpha particles into electron-hole pairs for collection by the one p/n junction in the layer of semiconductor material.

Abstract: A new type of electrochemical cell is described which can be used for generating electricity, or in an electrolysis mode can produce gases such as hydrogen and oxygen. The cell is constructed from laterally positioned catalyst layers as electrodes with the gap between the catalyst layers having interposed a solid polymer exchange membrane which provides an ion conductive path from the first catalyst layer to the second. The catalyst layers and the electrolyte are in the form of thin films on the surface of a supporting substrate. A plurality of these cells may be formed on the substrate and interconnected electrically forming a network of series and/or parallel connected cells. Means are provided to feed fuel and oxidant to the electrodes as separate gases through channels.