Abstract: An imaging element according to an embodiment includes: a unit pixel including a first pixel having a first photoelectric conversion element and including a second pixel having a second photoelectric conversion element, the second pixel being arranged adjacent to the first pixel; and an accumulation portion that accumulates a charge generated by the second photoelectric conversion element and converts the accumulated charge into a voltage. The accumulation portion is disposed at a boundary between the unit pixel and another unit pixel adjacent to the unit pixel.

Abstract: A magnetic particle type electromagnetic clutch has two clutch discs so disposed that the two discs can be electromagnetically connected together and disconnected. In a space between the two discs are charged magnetic particles. When an excitation current is run through the excitation coil disposed near the two discs to produce a magnetic flux, the two discs and magnetic particles are magnetized to be connected in unison, thereby transmitting a torque from the drive shaft to the driven shaft. The two discs are each secured to the tip end of the shafts. The shaft has two groups of magnetic layers which are rigidly affixed to the shaft and axially spaced. Each of the groups of magnetic layers is directed + 45 degrees or - 45 degrees with respect to the axis of the shaft. When the shafts start to rotate, magnetostriction is developed in the respective magnetic layers resulting in a change in permeability.

Abstract: A magnetic-particle-type coupling device for transmitting the rotation of an engine to a transmission. One end portion of a heat pipe is embedded in a driven body, the other end portion of the heat pipe is inserted in the internal opening of the input shaft of the transmission, and cooling oil is supplied into the internal opening, so that the driven body and a driving body are efficiently cooled although the coupling device is made compact.

Abstract: A torque limited of permanent magnet coupling type is disclosed, in which the value of transmitted torque is varied from a near zero minimum to a maximum. The torque limiter comprises a disk of magnetic material fixed to the output cylinder, and a pair of annular members disposed on both axial sides of the disk with small gaps filled with a powder of magnetic material. The annular members are rotatably supported on the output cylinder. An annular disk-shaped permanent magnet is fixed to one of the annular members at the side surface thereof opposite to the surface facing the disk. Further, an annular disk-shaped plate of magnetic material having an outer diameter greater than that of the permanent magnet is fixed on the outer side surface of the permanent magnet projecting radially from the outer circumferential surface of the permanent magnet.

Abstract: An electromagnetic coupling device comprises a shaft member made of a non-magnetic material having a low frictional resistance, a yoke mounted on the shaft member so as to be capable of relatively rotating to the shaft member, an exciting coil held in the yoke, a first coupling body mounted on the shaft member so as to be incapable of relatively rotating, and a second coupling body mounted on the shaft member so as to be capable of relatively rotating to the shaft member and controlled to be connected to the first coupling body by actuating the exciting coil.

Abstract: A magnetic particle type electromagnetic coupling apparatus comprises a first coupling body having a coupling surface at its inner circumferential part, a second coupling body constituted by two members divided in the axial direction which is placed inside the coupling surface of the first coupling body and has a coupling surface connectable to the coupling surface of the first coupling body, magnetic particles filled between the coupling surfaces, an electromagnetic coil received in the second coupling body to magnetize the magnetic particles thereby controlling connection between the coupling surfaces, a rotary body placed at the inner circumferential part of the second coupling body so as to transmit torque and a damper means which is placed between the second coupling body and the rotary body so as to transmit torque and which is sealingly held between the two members of the second coupling body.

Abstract: An electromagnetic coupling transmits torque between a first and a second relatively rotatable rotary member through the use of magnetically solidified magnetic particles between the air gap defined between the rotary members. The coupling comprises a plurality of cooling fins on the outer periphery of the outer rotary member opposite to the inner pole face of the member, thereby efficiently cooling undesired heat generated in the magnetic particles.