Abstract: A ceramic heat exchanger includes a heat exchange section that heat-exchanges between two fluids A and B flowing opposite directions to each other. The heat exchange section includes ceramic blocks stacked one on top of another with a seal therebetween. The ceramic blocks have a plurality of parallel lines of flow channels, each line defined by the flow channels through which the same fluid flows, any two adjacent lines being defined by the flow channels through which the different fluids A and B flow respectively. Both ends in the stacking direction of the stack are bound to join and integrate the ceramic blocks with tightening means including end plates and a tie rod. A thermal expansion absorber is disposed on an external surface of the end plates for absorbing thermal expansion in the axial direction of the tie rod.

Abstract: A ceramic heat exchanger includes a heat exchange section that heat-exchanges between two fluids A and B flowing opposite directions to each other. The heat exchange section includes ceramic blocks stacked one on top of another with a seal therebetween. The ceramic blocks have a plurality of parallel lines of flow channels, each line defined by the flow channels through which the same fluid flows, any two adjacent lines being defined by the flow channels through which the different fluids A and B flow respectively. Both ends in the stacking direction of the stack are bound to join and integrate the ceramic blocks with tightening means including end plates and a tie rod. A thermal expansion absorber is disposed on an external surface of the end plates for absorbing thermal expansion in the axial direction of the tie rod.

Abstract: Target cell of a neutron scattering device, containing liquid metal target material, has its beam window, through which proton beam enters, formed in a structure that is thin and yet can stand both pressure wave stress and thermal stress. In the target cell comprising an outer casing and an inner casing, both having a front face formed with the beam window, and being formed in a double structure of the outer casing and the inner casing with a predetermined distance maintained therebetween so that cooling medium is supplied there and target material is supplied into the inner casing, the beam window of the inner casing is made in a flat plate structure. By this flat plate structure, its rigidity is lowered and cell stress of a secondary stress character caused in the target cell by the pressure wave is reduced. Or, the beam window of the inner casing is formed to have a linear front face in the vertical section and a continuously curved front face in the horizontal section.

Abstract: Flow of mercury from a liquid-heavy-metal inflow port toward an inner forward end of a container body is rectified by a plurality of incoming-passage guide vanes in a liquid-heavy-metal incoming passage. Flow of the mercury from the forward end of the container body toward a liquid-heavy-metal outflow port is rectified by a plurality of return-passage guide vanes in a liquid-heavy-metal return passage. As a result, occurrence of stagnation and/or recirculation flows of the mercury in the container body is suppressed and a steady and highly uniform stream of the mercury is formed throughout in the container body. The container body is covered with a container outer shell to prevent any leakage of the mercury to outside due to a damage of the container body.