Abstract: To provide an information processing apparatus, an information processing system, and a trained model that perform analysis using information that is difficult to handle deductively with human reasoning. An information processing apparatus includes: a first acquisition unit that acquires a-posteriori information related to a predetermined target; an extraction unit that extracts a feature from the a-posteriori information; and an analysis unit that analyzes the target based on the feature.

Abstract: A state detection system includes a sensor (10) that includes an electromagnetic wave reflecting material (13) and a resonator (11) disposed adjacent to or integrally with the electromagnetic wave reflecting material (13), and that detects a state change of a surrounding object or surrounding environment as a change in its own electromagnetic wave reflection characteristic, a reader (20) that transmits an electromagnetic wave to the sensor (10), that receives a reflected wave of the electromagnetic wave, and that acquires reflected wave spectrum information of the sensor (10), and an analysis device (30) that estimates a current state of a detection target of the sensor (10) by applying information regarding reflected wave intensities at a plurality of frequency positions of the reflected wave spectrum to a learning model (30D) generated in advance on a basis of training data of a reflected wave spectrum for each state of the sensor (10).

Abstract: A detecting system includes: a sensor (10) that includes an antenna unit (11) formed with a metal pattern, and a back surface reflector (13) that faces the antenna unit (11) via an isolation layer (12); and a reader (20) that transmits electromagnetic waves (Fa) to the sensor (10), receives reflected waves (Fr) from the sensor (10), and compares the reflection characteristics of the sensor (10) detected from the reflected waves (Fr) with the reflection characteristics of the sensor (10) stored in advance, to detect a state change in the sensor (10).

Abstract: A food and beverage supply device provided with a main body (10) including a container placing table (10a), a reader (15) that includes an antenna (15a) arranged adjacent to the container placing table (10a), transmits an electromagnetic wave from the antenna (15a) to a container (100) placed on the container placing table (10a), and reads identification information of an identifier (100a) attached to the container (100), and a controller (13) that controls the main body (10) so as to specify a type of food and beverage to be supplied to the container (100) on the basis of the identification information of the identifier (100a), and supply a specified type of food and beverage to the container (100).

Abstract: A detecting system includes: a sensor (10) that includes an antenna unit (11) formed with a metal pattern, and a back surface reflector (13) that faces the antenna unit (11) via an isolation layer (12); and a reader (20) that transmits electromagnetic waves (Fa) to the sensor (10), receives reflected waves (Fr) from the sensor (10), and compares the reflection characteristics of the sensor (10) detected from the reflected waves (Fr) with the reflection characteristics of the sensor (10) stored in advance, to detect a state change in the sensor (10).

Abstract: This tag reader can be applied to a chipless RFID tag having a plurality of resonance frequencies that are associated with identification information. The tag reader is provided with: a radiation unit that radiates electromagnetic waves within a predetermined millimeter wave or microwave frequency band so as to cause sweeping of the radiation frequency; and a detection unit that detects the plurality of resonance frequencies of a chipless RFID tag on the basis of the reflection characteristics of waves reflected from the chipless RFID tag when the electromagnetic waves are radiated.

Abstract: This tag reader can be applied to a chipless RFID tag having a plurality of resonance frequencies that are associated with identification information. The tag reader is provided with: a radiation unit that radiates electromagnetic waves within a predetermined millimeter wave or microwave frequency band so as to cause sweeping of the radiation frequency; and a detection unit that detects the plurality of resonance frequencies of a chipless RFID tag on the basis of the reflection characteristics of waves reflected from the chipless RFID tag when the electromagnetic waves are radiated.

Abstract: The present invention provides a means for suppressing an occurrence of a ghost by enhancing diffraction efficiency of a holographic optical element having a volume hologram recording layer. The present invention is a holographic optical element including: a volume hologram recording layer containing a photopolymer; and at least one adjacent layer which is in contact with the volume hologram recording layer and contains a resin, wherein a diffraction grating is formed so as to extend from the volume hologram recording layer to the adjacent layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a means for suppressing an occurrence of a ghost by enhancing diffraction efficiency of a holographic optical element having a volume hologram recording layer. The present invention is a holographic optical element including: a volume hologram recording layer containing a photopolymer, and at least one adjacent layer which is in contact with the volume hologram recording layer and contains a resin, wherein a diffraction grating is formed so as to extend from the volume hologram recording layer to the adjacent layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a holographic optical element having a volume hologram recording layer containing a photopolymer, and at least one adjacent layer that is in contact with the volume hologram recording layer and contains a resin and a thiol compound. According to the present invention, a means for improving the diffraction efficiency of a holographic optical element having a volume hologram recording layer is provided.

Abstract: A toner for electrostatic latent image development of the present invention includes toner particles containing toner mother particles and an external additive. The external additive contains fatty acid metal salt particles, and a volume based particle diameter (size) distribution of the fatty acid metal salt particles has two peaks on a side of smaller size and a side of larger size, respectively. A volume based mean particle diameter of the fatty acid metal salt particles having the peak on the side of smaller size is 3.0 ?m or smaller and a volume based mean particle diameter of the fatty acid metal salt particles having the peak on the side of larger size is larger than a volume based mean particle diameter of the toner mother particles.

Abstract: The production process is a process for producing a toner for electrostatic image development. The process has an aggregating step of adding an aggregating agent composed of a compound having a divalent or trivalent metal element into a dispersion with fine particles of a binder resin dispersed in an aqueous medium, and an aggregation terminating step of adding an aggregation terminating agent into the dispersion. The aggregation terminating agent is composed of a compound having at least one of a structure (1) represented by a formula (1) and a structure (2) represented by a formula (2). In the formulae (1) and (2), R1 to R9 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group or an organic group. At least one of R1 and R4 or at least one of R5 and R6 represents a hydroxy group.

Abstract: A toner for electrostatic latent image development of the present invention includes toner particles containing toner mother particles and an external additive. The external additive contains fatty acid metal salt particles, and a volume based particle diameter (size) distribution of the fatty acid metal salt particles has two peaks on a side of smaller size and a side of larger size, respectively. A volume based mean particle diameter of the fatty acid metal salt particles having the peak on the side of smaller size is 3.0 ?m or smaller and a volume based mean particle diameter of the fatty acid metal salt particles having the peak on the side of larger size is larger than a volume based mean particle diameter of the toner mother particles.

Abstract: The toner for electrostatic image development has excellent charge properties, by which excellent toner particle size-controlling ability is achieved, and moreover the sharpening of a particle size distribution is achieved. The toner is composed of toner particles containing a binder resin. The process has an aggregating step of adding an aggregating agent containing a transition element into an aqueous medium of dispersed fine binder resin particles to aggregate the fine binder resin particles, and an aggregation-stopping step of adding an aggregation stopper composed on a sulfur atom-containing compound exhibiting a reducing action on the aggregating agent. The aggregating agent is a salt of a bivalent or higher metal selected from Sr, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni and Cu.

Abstract: Provided is an image forming method, in which excellent cleaning properties are obtained for a long period of time even when the process is employed to an image forming apparatus with a charging roller for charging a photoreceptor, and a favorable image can be formed while inhibiting occurrence of a black spots-like image defect even in a high temperature and high humidity environment. In the image forming method, charging of a photoreceptor in a charging step is performed by a charging roller. A toner for electrostatic image development includes toner base particles added with an external additive. The external additive contains at least first external additive particles composed of a polytetrafluoroethylene and second external additive particles composed of at least one selected from a fatty acid metal salt and an amide wax.

Abstract: The production process is a production process of a toner for electrostatic image development, which is composed of toner particles containing at least a binder resin. The process has an aggregating and fusion-bonding step of adding a aggregating agent containing polysilicato-iron into an aqueous medium in which fine binder resin particles formed of the binder resin have been dispersed, thereby aggregating the fine binder resin particles, and an aggregation stopper-adding step of adding an aggregation stopper composed of a polyvalent organic acid or a salt thereof. In the production process of the toner for electrostatic image development, the polyvalent organic acid or the salt thereof is preferably an amino acid or a salt thereof.

Abstract: A toner comprising toner particles containing a binder resin comprising a crystalline polyester resin, a non-crystalline polyester resin and an acryl resin having a cross-link structure, and the acryl resin having a cross-link structure has a cross-link site derived from a crosslinking agent represented by the following formula (1): CH2?CR1—C(?O)O—Z—OC(?O)—CR2?CH2??Formula (1) wherein R1 and R2 are each a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and Z is a hydrocarbon group of 2 to 90 carbon atoms, provided that the hydrocarbon group may include an ether linkage, an ester linkage, a heterocyclic ring or a substituent.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing toner by which the toner capable of forming high quality images and reproducing high density gradation, which exhibits an excellent high-temperature offsetting property together with excellent low-temperature fixability, and provides appropriate gloss with respect to images to be formed, can be stably prepared; and also provided is the toner. After conducting a step in which particles made of at least a crystalline polyester resin are coagulated to form core coagulated particles, and an unsaturated amorphous polyester resin particle is attached onto the surface of each of the core coagulated particles to form core-shell type coagulated particles, radical polymerization reaction is conducted by acting a radical polymerization initiator on the foregoing core-shell type coagulated particles to conduct a step in which a layer made of a crosslinking amorphous polyester resin is formed on the surface of each of the core coagulated particles.

Abstract: The production process is a process for producing a toner for electrostatic image development. The process has an aggregating step of adding an aggregating agent composed of a compound having a divalent or trivalent metal element into a dispersion with fine particles of a binder resin dispersed in an aqueous medium, and an aggregation terminating step of adding an aggregation terminating agent into the dispersion. The aggregation terminating agent is composed of a compound having at least one of a structure (1) represented by a formula (1) and a structure (2) represented by a formula (2). In the formulae (1) and (2), R1 to R9 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group or an organic group. At least one of R1 and R4or at least one of R5 and R6 represents a hydroxy group.

Abstract: A method of producing an electrostatic image developing toner comprising toner particles comprising a binder resin containing at least a non-crystalline polyester resin having a crosslinking structure and a crystalline polyester resin, the method comprising the steps of (a-1) preparing a crystalline polyester resin particle aqueous dispersion liquid; (a-2) preparing a polymerizable unsaturated non-crystalline polyester resin aqueous dispersion liquid; (b) preparing crosslinking non-crystalline polyester resin particles by adding a radical polymerization initiator to the aqueous dispersion liquid of particles containing the non-crystalline polyester resin having a polymerizable unsaturated bond; (c) preparing core particles by aggregating at least the particles containing the crystalline polyester resin in an aqueous medium; and (d) preparing a shell layer containing the non-crystalline polyester resin having a crosslinking structure by fusing the particles containing the non-crystalline polyester resin having