Abstract: A control system for a multi-processor system including a plurality of processors comprises a controlling processor and a controlled processor. The controlling processor consumes little power and provides low-speed operation. The controlling processor is continuously powered. The controlled processor consumes a greater amount of power and provides high-speed operation. The controlled processor is normally disconnected from a power source. The controlling processor selects the energization of the controlled processor.

Abstract: An electrode pattern for a liquid crystal display comprises an electrode pattern having at least one dummy scan and/or signal electrode at a region other than a display pattern having true scan electrodes and true signal electrodes for displaying a specific display indicia. A circuit is provided for applying an OFF voltage to the dummy scan and/or signal electrode, the OFF voltage making this dummy electrode erased. The dummy electrodes are positioned and spaced in a manner identical to the true electrodes to simulate the overall appearance of the true electrode display region.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for causing an existing display and/or printing mode in a computer or the like to be preserved in sheltering areas located in memory upon commencement of an interrupt task. After completing such an interrupt task, the present invention causes use of the sheltered mode to be resumed. The present invention correctly preserves the originally existing display and/or printing mode until after completion of an externally generated interrupt task, thus effectively eliminating the undesirable process that is otherwise needed for reactivating the original mode.

Abstract: A new method of refreshing a dynamic RAM, uses relatively simple circuitry. Refreshing of the dynamic RAM can be implemented while smoothly accessing any a real-time based high-speed devices such as a floppy disc driver.In a microprocessor system comprising a central processing unit (CPU), a dynamic RAM, and a plurality of input/output ports, a refreshing process of the dynamic RAM can occur in one of two modes. When input/output (I/O) accesses are not being performed by the CPU, a burst mode refreshing process takes place. However, when input/output (I/O) accesses are to be performed, a refreshing process of the dynamic RAM can be implemented within a period while the CPU accesses the input/output (I/O) port addresses.

Abstract: An electrochromic display device comprises terminals formed on one of two substrates for connecting the electrochromic display device to a driver circuit, and one or more cut-off and lead-in electrodes each for connecting display segments to corresponding terminals. The cut-off and lead-in electrodes are adapted to have resistance values such that the results of a multiplication of each of the resistance values and the area of a corresponding one of the display segments are approximately constant as compared to remaining couples of the remaining display segments and corresponding lead-in electrodes. Each of the cut-off and lead-in electrodes has a cut-off portion not available for electrical interconnection. In another form of the present invention, the lead-in electrodes, regardless of whether or not the cut-off portion is present, are formed on a substantially entire surface of one of the two substrates so that gaps therebetween are not noticed by a visual scale.

Abstract: A drive system is provided for driving an electrochromic display cell including an electrochromic material, a predetermined number of display electrodes, and a counter electrode confronting them, different combination of the display electrodes defining different desired display patterns. The drive system comprises a coloration circuit and a bleaching circuit driven at the same time. The coloration circuit is adapted for conducting coloration operations by applying a coloration voltage to selected ones of the display electrodes. The bleaching circuit is adapted for conducting bleaching operations by applying a bleaching voltage to the remaining display electrodes.

Abstract: An electrochromic display cell includes a predetermined number of display segments, different combinations of the display segments defining different desired display patterns. A drive system is provided for the electrochromic display cell, which functions to apply a coloration voltage write-in signal to a selected display segment which should be changed from the bleached state to the coloration state upon change of the display data. After completion of the write-in operation, the electrochromic display cell is held in an electrically opened state for a predetermined period of time, and then the display segments which are in the coloration state are electrically connected with each other in order to uniform the coloration degree of each of the colored display segments.

Abstract: A control circuit is adapted in connection with a driving circuit useful for an electro-optical device such as an electrochromic display device including an optical element, e.g., an electrochromic material of which coloration properties depend on surrounding temperature. The control circuit comprises a heat-sensitive element such as a thermister positioned adjacent to the electro-optical device for detecting the surrounding temperature, the element having a temperature coefficient varying on temperature, a circuit responsive to the heat-sensitive element for providing output signals, and the driving circuit responsive to the output signals from the circuit for controlling time intervals for which driving signals from the driving circuit are applied to the electro-optical device, whereby coloration shades of the optical element are approximately uniformed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a power transmission controller for an electronic calculator which controls power transmission to a computation circuit and a display device included within the electronic calculator. The power transmission controller indicates a forthcoming termination of the power transmission at a first stage in unison with a first control signal derived from a timer circuit through said display device. Then the power transmission controller terminates said power transmission at the second stage in accordance with a second control signal derived from the timer circuit. A clear key for conducting a clear operation functions to initiate the power transmission to said computation circuit and said display device.

Abstract: In an electronic calculator essentially comprising a multidigit display, a keyboard and a data processor unit, a multidigit liquid crystal display is deposited together with integral key actuators of the keyboard of a flexible circuit film which carries electrical conductor leaves in a desired pattern. The conductor leaves to be in contact with terminals of the liquid crystal display are formed to extend in the direction of length of the liquid crystal display to thereby establish room for a battery compartment.

Abstract: The body of an electronic calculator comprising a keyboard, an arithmetic processor unit, a power supply and a digital display is accommodated within a casing at least a portion of which corresponding to the keyboard is made of a single flexible flat sheet such as cloth and leather. A plurality of limited regions of the flat sheet are given unique symbols and indicators corresponding to respective ones of keys of the keyboard by a printing technique for example, whereby the flexible flat sheet serving as manually operable key tops or actuators. When depressing a specific limited region of the key flat sheet, its associated elastomeric connector comes into contact with a comb shaped counter connector contact formed on a printed circuit board. Such an arrangement provides a keyboard with no protruding key tops for a totally new dimension in slimness and portability of calculators.

Abstract: In an electronic calculator essentially comprising a multidigit display, a keyboard and a data processor unit, a multidigit liquid crystal display is deposited together with integral key actuators of the keyboard on a flexible circuit film which carries electrical conductor leaves in a desired pattern. The conductor leaves to be in contact with terminals of the liquid crystal display are formed to extend in the direction of length of the liquid crystal display to thereby establish room for a battery compartment.