Abstract: Power supply systems capable of performing various modes of fee-charging are provided. A fee-charging apparatus memorizes two or more kinds of power-use-side identification information of a use side using the power supplied via the power-supply control apparatus, two or more kinds of power-supply-side identification information of a supply side supplying the power via the power-supply control apparatus, and fee-charge-target information predetermined to each of combination sets between the two or more kinds of power-use-side identification information and the two or more kinds of power-supply-side identification information.

Abstract: Power supply systems capable of performing various modes of fee-charging are provided. A fee-charging apparatus memorizes two or more kinds of power-use-side identification information of a use side using the power supplied via the power-supply control apparatus, two or more kinds of power-supply-side identification information of a supply side supplying the power via the power-supply control apparatus, and fee-charge-target information predetermined to each of combination sets between the two or more kinds of power-use-side identification information and the two or more kinds of power-supply-side identification information.

Abstract: A process for preparing an ink-jet system printing plate, wherein in a planographic printing plate precursor having an image receiving layer containing zinc oxide and a binder resin on a water-resistant support, the surface of the image receiving layer has a water-contact angle of 50° or more, and image formation is carried out according to a hot melt type ink-jet system by heat melting an ink composition that is solid at ordinary temperature and spraying the droplets of the ink composition in a heat melt state from a nozzle onto the image receiving layer, and a nonimage area of the image receiving layer is then subjected to a desensitizing treatment by a chemical reaction to prepare a planographic printing plate.

Abstract: A process for preparing an ink-jet system printing plate, wherein an image is formed according to a hot melt type ink-jet system by heat-melting an ink composition that is solid at ordinary temperature, spraying droplets of the ink composition in a hot melt state from nozzles onto an intermediate transferrer to form an image, and contact-transferring the image on the intermediate transferrer to an image receiving layer of a planographic printing plate precursor, the image receiving layer being provided on a water-resistive support and containing zinc oxide and a binder resin, and thereafter, a nonimage area of the image receiving layer is desensitized by chemical reaction treatment to prepare a planographic printing plate.

Abstract: An oil-based ink for a printing plate by an ink jet process comprising spraying an oil-based ink comprising at least resin particles dispersed in a non aqueous carrier liquid having an electric resistance of 109 &OHgr;cm or more and a dielectric constant of 3.

Abstract: An oil-based ink for a printing plate by an ink jet process comprising spraying an oil-based ink comprising at least resin particles dispersed in a nonaqueous carrier liquid having an electric resistance of 109 &OHgr;cm or more and a dielectric constant of 3.

Abstract: A method of lithographic printing comprising forming an image based on signals of image data directly on a printing plate precursor mounted on a plate cylinder of a printing press, thereby preparing a printing plate, and conducting lithographic printing, wherein the formation of image on the printing plate precursor is carried out by an ink jet recording method in which oil-based ink is ejected utilizing an electrostatic field. According to the method of the present invention, a large number of prints having clear images can be obtained. Further, a printing plate is directly formed corresponding to digital image data in a printing press, and lithographic printing is performed at a low cost and a high speed.

Abstract: An oil-based ink for a printing plate by an ink jet process comprising spraying an oil-based ink comprising at least resin particles dispersed in a nonaqueous carrier liquid having an electric resistance of 10.sup.9 .OMEGA.cm or more and a dielectric constant of 3.5 or less on a water-resistant support having a lithographically printable hydrophilic surface to dropwise from a nozzle form an image, wherein the resin particles dispersed are polymer particles obtained by polymerization granulation of a solution comprising (i), (ii) and (iii): (i) at least one monofunctional monomer (A) which is soluble in a nonaqueous solvent at least miscible with the nonaqueous carrier liquid and becomes insoluble therein by polymerization; (ii) (ii-a) at least one monomer (B) represented having a specific substituent copolymerizable with the monomer (A), or (ii-b) at least one specific monofunctional macromonomer (MA) having a weight average molecular weight of 2.times.10.sup.

Abstract: An oil-based ink for a printing plate by an ink jet process comprising spraying an oil-based ink comprising at least resin particles dispersed in a nonaqueous carrier liquid having an electric resistance of 10.sup.9 .OMEGA.cm or more and a dielectric constant of 3.5 or less on an image receiving layer of a lithographic printing plate precursor dropwise from a nozzle to form an image, and then desensitizing a non-image area of the image receiving layer by a chemical reaction to prepare a lithographic printing plate, the image receiving layer being formed on a water-resistant support and comprising zinc oxide and a binding resin; and a surface of the image receiving layer having a contact angle with water of 50.degree.

Abstract: An oil-based ink for a printing plate by an ink jet process comprising spraying an oil-based ink comprising at least resin particles dispersed in a nonaqueous carrier liquid on an image receiving layer of a lithographic printing plate precursor dropwise from a nozzle to form an image, and then desensitizing a non-image area of the image receiving layer by a chemical reaction to prepare a lithographic printing plate, the image receiving layer being formed on a water-resistant support and comprising zinc oxide and a binding resin, wherein the resin particles dispersed are polymer particles obtained by polymerization granulation of a solution comprising (i), (ii) and (iii): (i) at least one monofunctional monomer (A) which is soluble in a nonaqueous solvent which is at least miscible with the nonaqueous carrier liquid and becomes insoluble therein by polymerization; (ii) (ii-a) at least one monomer (B) represented which is copolymerizable with the monomer (A), or (ii-b) at least one monofunctional macromonomer (

Abstract: A process for producing a lithographic printing plate for platemaking by the ink-jet system comprising forming images by jetting oily ink toward an image receiving layer formed on a water-resistant support with the aid of the electrostatic field, wherein the water-resistant support is a paper support both sides of which are covered with a resin. The process of the present invention can yield a large number of printed sheets with sharp images.

Abstract: An oil-based ink for a printing plate by an ink jet process comprising spraying an oil-based ink comprising at least resin particles dispersed in a nonaqueous carrier liquid having an electric resistance of 10.sup.9 .OMEGA.cm or more and a dielectric constant of 3.5 or less on an image receiving layer of a lithographic printing plate precursor dropwise from a nozzle to form an image, and then desensitizing a non-image area of the image receiving layer by a chemical reaction to prepare a lithographic printing plate, the image receiving layer being formed on a water-resistant support and comprising zinc oxide and a binding resin; and a surface of the image receiving layer having a contact angle with water of 50.degree.

Abstract: A method of forming an electrophotographic transfer image is disclosed which provides color images free from color shear, by which toner images are completely transferred onto a receiving material without being accompanied by degradation of image quality upon the transfer, and in which a light-sensitive element can be repeatedly used without throwing the light-sensitive element away after using it only once.A method and apparatus for forming an electrophotographic transfer image comprising forming a transfer layer containing a thermoplastic resin on the surface of an electrophotographic light-sensitive element which surface has releasability in the apparatus for forming an electrophotographic transfer image, forming a toner image by an electrophotographic process on the transfer layer, and heat-transferring the toner image together with the transfer layer onto a receiving material.

Abstract: A color image is obtained by (i) providing a peelable transfer layer 12 on an electrophotographic light-sensitive element 11 comprising a support 1 and a light-sensitive layer 2, (ii) forming one or more color toner images 3 on the transfer layer by a conventional electrophotographic process, (iii) transferring the toner image 3 together with the transfer layer 12 onto a primary receptor 20, and then (iv) transferring the toner images 3 together with the transfer layer 12 onto a final receiving material 30. According to the method, a color duplicate of high accuracy and high quality without color shear is obtained, and a color image is easily transferred irrespective of the kind of a final receiving material. Further, since there is no residual toner image at the transfer, the light-sensitive element and intermediate medium are repeatedly usable.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming a color image is disclosed which provide simply and stably color duplicates of high accuracy and high quality without color shear and color images excellent in storage stability. A method of forming color images comprising applying a compound (S) which contains a fluorine atom and/or silicon atom to the surface of electrophotographic light-sensitive element, forming a peelable transfer layer on the surface of electrophotographic light-sensitive element, forming at least one color toner image by an electrophotographic process on the transfer layer and transferring the toner image together with the transfer layer to a receiving material and an apparatus used therefor are disclosed.

Abstract: A method for preparation of an electrophotographic printing plate which can provide a printing plate excellent in image qualities of plate-making and printing, and continuously produce such printing plates in a stable manner for a long period of time and which is suitable for a scanning exposure system using a laser beam.The method comprises forming a toner image by an electrophotographic process on a peelable transfer layer of an electrophotographic light-sensitive material which comprises an electrophotographic light-sensitive element a surface of which has releasability and the peelable transfer layer provided on the surface thereof which contains a thermoplastic resin capable of being removed upon a chemical reaction treatment, thermally transferring the toner image together with the transfer layer onto a support for a lithographic printing plate and removing the thermoplastic resin upon a treatment, for example, with an aqueous alkaline solution, whereby a printing plate is obtained.

Abstract: A color image forming method which comprises forming a mono-color or multi-color toner image on an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a releasing surface by an electrophotographic process; forming a releasable transfer layer on the photoreceptor having the toner image formed thereon; transferring the toner image together with the transfer layer onto a primary receptor; and transferring the toner image together with the transfer layer from the primary receptor onto the final receiving material, and an apparatus for carrying out the image forming method.

Abstract: An electrophotographic material for color proofing which comprises a substrate, a photoconductive layer and a transfer layer in this order, and is used for preparing a color proof in a process wherein at least one color toner image is electrophotographically formed on the transfer layer and then transferred together with said transfer layer to a sheet material to prepare the color proof, wherein said photoconductive layer comprises a polymer (P) and/or a polymer particle (L) which contain units having fluorine atom(s) and/or silicon atom(s) at least in the region near the surface facing said transfer layer and the surface of said photoconductive layer which contacts with the transfer layer has tack strength of not more than 150 gram.multidot.force, which is measured by Pressure Sensitive Tape and Sheet Test of JIS Z0237-1980.

Abstract: A method of forming a color image comprising providing a first peelable transfer layer 12 on an electrophotographic light-sensitive element 11 whose surface has releasability, forming one or more color toner images 3 on the first transfer layer by a conventional electrophotographic process, further forming a second transfer layer 13 on the toner images 3, and transferring the toner images 3 together with the first transfer layer 12 and the second transfer layer 13 to a receiving material 16 is disclosed. The method is excellent in transferability of toner image and provides simply and stably color images of high accuracy and high quality without color shear. The transfer layer has good releasability from an electrophotographic light-sensitive element and good adhesion to a receiving material. A color duplicate formed has good retouching property, sealing property and storage stability.

Abstract: An electrophotographic material for color proofing which comprises a substrate, a photoconductive layer and a transfer layer in this order, wherein said photoconductive layer comprises a polymer (P) which contains at least one polymer segment (X) containing not less than 50% by weight of units having fluorine atom(s) and/or silicon atom(s) and at least one polymer segment (Y) containing units having photosetting and/or thermosetting group(s); a polymer (Q) which contains units represented by the formula I--CH(a.sub.1)--C(a.sub.2)(COOR.sub.3)--wherein a.sub.1 and a.sub.2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, and R.sub.3 represents a hydrocarbon group; and contains at least one polar group such as --PO.sub.3 H.sub.2, --SO.sub.