Abstract: A thin film transistor and method of making the same, the thin film transistor including: a substrate; a word line disposed on the substrate; a semiconductor layer disposed on the substrate, the semiconductor layer having a source region, a drain region, and a channel region disposed between the source and drain regions and overlapping with the word line in a vertical direction perpendicular to a plane of the substrate; a hydrogen diffusion barrier layer overlapping with the channel region in the vertical direction; a gate dielectric layer disposed between the channel region and the word line; and source and drain electrodes respectively electrically coupled to the source and drain regions.

Abstract: A transistor includes a first semiconductor layer, a second semiconductor layer, a semiconductor nanosheet, a gate electrode and source and drain electrodes. The semiconductor nanosheet is physically connected to the first semiconductor layer and the second semiconductor layer. The gate electrode wraps around the semiconductor nanosheet. The source and drain electrodes are disposed at opposite sides of the gate electrode. The first semiconductor layer surrounds the source electrode, the second semiconductor layer surrounds the drain electrode, and the semiconductor nanosheet is disposed between the source and drain electrodes.

Abstract: A thin film transistor and method of making the same, the thin film transistor including: a substrate; a word line disposed on the substrate; a semiconductor layer disposed on the substrate, the semiconductor layer having a source region, a drain region, and a channel region disposed between the source and drain regions and overlapping with the word line in a vertical direction perpendicular to a plane of the substrate; a hydrogen diffusion barrier layer overlapping with the channel region in the vertical direction; a gate dielectric layer disposed between the channel region and the word line; and source and drain electrodes respectively electrically coupled to the source and drain regions.

Abstract: Systems, methods and articles for automating and optimizing the buying and selling of content, such as advertising inventory units. The systems disclosed herein provide an automated double-blind auction-based marketplace that provides price protection for buyers, provides advanced insight to buyers regarding future campaign performance, and creates balanced sell side competition. This is achieved by an automated auction engine that, among other things, automatically determines the winning buyers and sellers and automatically determines the prices that winning buyers will pay. The system may automatically generate orders from the winning bids, and the orders may be sent to a traffic system for publishing.

Abstract: Systems, methods and articles for automating and optimizing the selling of spots in mediacasts to maximize revenue uplift for sellers or achieve other goals in ways that were previously difficult or impossible. An autonomous proposal optimizer system is provided where sellers can optimize the number of spots to offer to buyers based on various optimization criteria that may be specified by the seller, and subject to constraints imposed by the buyer. The optimized selection of spots to offer may be presented using a heat map that allows the seller to quickly identify the number of spots to offer. The system may then send the proposal to the buyer to allow the buyer to purchase the spots offered in the generated optimized proposal.

Abstract: Systems, methods and articles for automating and optimizing the purchase of spots in mediacasts to allow goals to be met or exceeded in ways that were previously difficult or impossible. An autonomous purchase system is provided where buyers can automatically receive offers for placement opportunities simultaneously via a single interface, and the system can optimize selection of the received offers based on various optimization criteria that may be specified by the advertiser. The optimized selection may be presented using a heat map that allows the user to quickly identify the value of a plurality of offers.

Abstract: Various technologies pertaining to conducting auctions for display of electronic communications in display positions are described herein. An electronic communication has a predefined format, and further has an optional extension to the predefined format. The electronic communication participates in an auction, where an auction system takes the extension into consideration when computing a rank score for the electronic communication. Further, the auction system takes historic servings of the electronic communication, with the extension, to client computing devices into account when computing the rank score.

Abstract: According to some example embodiments, a method includes calculating learning values associated with a plurality of listings, at least one of said learning values associated with one of said listings representing a value based, at least in part, on a probability distribution of selections of said listing. The method further includes applying said learning values to ranking scores associated with said listings to provide an updated ranking, and electronically auctioning advertising inventory to purchasers associated with said listings based, at least in part, on said updated ranking.

Abstract: Various technologies pertaining to conducting auctions for display of electronic communications in display positions are described herein. An electronic communication has a predefined format, and further has an optional extension to the predefined format. The electronic communication participates in an auction, where an auction system takes the extension into consideration when computing a rank score for the electronic communication. Further, the auction system takes historic servings of the electronic communication, with the extension, to client computing devices into account when computing the rank score.

Abstract: Disclosed are apparatus and methods for apparatus and methods for pricing on-line advertisement inventory. In one embodiment, a method for pricing on-line advertisement inventory includes (i) receiving a request for a price of a new product, wherein the new product includes a plurality of specified characteristics of a type of on-line advertisement display, (ii) providing a sample of new impressions that are predicted to be delivered for such new product, (iii) for each new impression, determining which bookings could be served by such new impression so as to define a set of overlapping bookings, (iv) determining the price of each new impression based on a weighted average of a plurality of prices of such each new impression's corresponding overlapping bookings, (v) determining the price of the new product based on an average of the prices of the new impressions, and (vi) returning the price of the new product for use in a booking negotiation with a potential buyer of such new product.

Abstract: A method in a networked system for comparing advertising products includes a processor configured to sampling an impression inventory database to produce a first set of impression samples represented by a first product, and a second set of impression samples represented by a second product. The processor is also configured to determine the percentage of the first set of impression samples that are represented by a second product and also the percentage of the second set of impression samples that are represented by the first product. The processor selects the minimum percentage of the two percentages, where the minimum percentage defines the similarity between the first product and the second product.

Abstract: Disclosed are apparatus and methods for apparatus and methods for pricing on-line advertisement inventory. In one embodiment, a method for pricing on-line advertisement inventory includes (i) receiving a request for a price of a new product, wherein the new product includes a plurality of specified characteristics of a type of on-line advertisement display, (ii) providing a sample of new impressions that are predicted to be delivered for such new product, (iii) for each new impression, determining which bookings could be served by such new impression so as to define a set of overlapping bookings, (iv) determining the price of each new impression based on a weighted average of a plurality of prices of such each new impression's corresponding overlapping bookings, (v) determining the price of the new product based on an average of the prices of the new impressions, and (vi) returning the price of the new product for use in a booking negotiation with a potential buyer of such new product.

Abstract: According to some example embodiments, a method includes calculating learning values associated with a plurality of listings, at least one of said learning values associated with one of said listings representing a value based, at least in part, on a probability distribution of selections of said listing. The method further includes applying said learning values to ranking scores associated with said listings to provide an updated ranking, and electronically auctioning advertising inventory to purchasers associated with said listings based, at least in part, on said updated ranking.

Abstract: A method in a networked system for comparing advertising products includes a processor configured to sampling an impression inventory database to produce a first set of impression samples represented by a first product, and a second set of impression samples represented by a second product. The processor is also configured to determine the percentage of the first set of impression samples that are represented by a second product and also the percentage of the second set of impression samples that are represented by the first product. The processor selects the minimum percentage of the two percentages, where the minimum percentage defines the similarity between the first product and the second product.

Abstract: Disclosed are apparatus and methods for providing a bidding mechanism for guaranteed delivery contracts. In one embodiment, a method includes (i) providing a plurality of bid parameters that were updated based on a current delivery and/or a running cost per impression for such guaranteed delivery contract; (ii) if the advertisement impression is eligible to serve the guaranteed delivery contract, determining whether to submit a bid for the advertisement impression for the guaranteed delivery contract based on one or more of the bid parameters; and (iii) if it is determined that a bid is to be submitted for the guaranteed delivery contract, submitting a bid for the advertisement impression for the guaranteed delivery contract so that a bid amount is selected to be limited by one or more of the bid parameters.

Abstract: Disclosed are apparatus and methods for pricing on-line advertisement inventory. In one embodiment, a method for pricing on-line advertisement inventory includes (i) forecasting a delivery cost for delivering a plurality of deliverable impressions to meet a guaranteed delivery contract for a particular advertising product; and (ii) determining a target price for a guaranteed delivery contract for such particular advertising product by adjusting the delivery cost based on one or more changes in one or more conditions of a supply and demand market.

Abstract: Disclosed are apparatus and methods for pricing on-line advertisement inventory. In one embodiment, a method for pricing on-line advertisement inventory includes (i) providing a model for determining a value of an individual impression as a function of its user target attributes based on historical bookings for a plurality of impressions, wherein each impression corresponds to a plurality of user target attributes for which an on-line advertisement can be displayed, (ii) receiving a request for a price of a new product, and (iii) determining the price of the new product based on the average of individual impression values that are determined by using the model on a plurality of user target attributes of a plurality of individual impressions that serve the new product.

Abstract: Disclosed are apparatus and methods for apparatus and methods for pricing on-line advertisement inventory. In one embodiment, a method for pricing on-line advertisement inventory includes (i) receiving a request for a price of a new product, wherein the new product includes a plurality of specified characteristics of a type of on-line advertisement display, (ii) providing a sample of new impressions that are predicted to be delivered for such new product, (iii) for each new impression, determining which bookings could be served by such new impression so as to define a set of overlapping bookings, (iv) determining the price of each new impression based on a weighted average of a plurality of prices of such each new impression's corresponding overlapping bookings, (v) determining the price of the new product based on an average of the prices of the new impressions, and (vi) returning the price of the new product for use in a booking negotiation with a potential buyer of such new product.

Abstract: A method and system for constructing and delivering sponsored search contracts is provided. In one implementation, the method may include generating a financial instrument with terms, such as a contract, for selling click-throughs. The terms may include a volume of click-throughs, a price, and a core market. The price of the contract may be related to an expected quality of the advertisement. The core market may be described in terms of key words. The contract terms may be communicated to an advertiser. The advertiser may then bind an advertisement to the contract or sell the contract to another advertiser. The contract performance may be tracked and communicated.