Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image forming unit and a controller. The image forming unit forms an image on a continuous recording medium by transferring to the continuous recording medium a toner image obtained by developing a latent image formed on a photoreceptor. The controller controls the image forming unit such that an image based on image information is formed in a specific image area on the continuous recording medium, and at the same time, a specific image pattern is formed in a specific side area outside the image area on the continuous recording medium.

Abstract: A fixing device includes a fixing section that includes rotatable members arranged to form a nip area through which a strip-shaped medium passes, and heaters that heat the rotatable members; and a control section. The fixing section applies heat and pressure to a toner image that is formed on the medium and passes through the nip area via the rotatable members heated by the heaters to fix the toner image onto the medium. The control section performs such control that the rotation of the rotatable members is stopped when the temperature of contact portions of the rotatable members that are in contact with the medium is lower than or equal to a first temperature that is lower than a temperature at which a portion of the medium softens.

Abstract: An electrostatic image developer includes a toner containing an external additive having a volume-average particle size of about 80 to 400 nm and an average circularity of about 0.7 to 0.85. The developer is used in an image forming apparatus including an image-carrying member having a top surface layer containing fluorocarbon resin particles, and a developer-carrying member that faces the image-carrying member and carries an electrostatic image developer, in which a value obtained by dividing the amount of developer on the developer-carrying member [g/m2] by a shortest distance between the image-carrying member and the developer-carrying member [?m] is about 0.8 to 1.8, and a peripheral velocity ratio of the developer-carrying member to the image-carrying member is about 1.5 to 5.0 or the developer-carrying member moves in a direction opposite to the image-carrying member in a facing portion.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a toner image holding member, a transfer unit, and a supply unit. The toner image holding member holds a toner image. The transfer unit transfers the toner image held by the toner image holding member to a recording medium. The supply unit supplies powder such that the powder is interposed between an end portion of the recording medium and the toner image holding member and/or the transfer unit if the recording medium includes an intermediate adhesive layer.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a toner image holding member, a transfer unit, and a supply unit. The toner image holding member holds a toner image. The transfer unit transfers the toner image held by the toner image holding member to a recording medium. The supply unit supplies powder such that the powder is interposed between an end portion of the recording medium and the toner image holding member and/or the transfer unit if the recording medium includes an intermediate adhesive layer.

Abstract: An image-forming apparatus includes an image unit that forms an image using at least one of a white toner and a color toner having a lower storage modulus than the white toner and a fixing unit that fixes the image to a medium with heat. A time P calculated by subtracting a fixing time for which an image of the color toner alone is fixed to normal paper used as the medium from a fixing time for which an overlaid image of the white toner and the color toner is fixed to color paper used as the medium is more than 0 ms and less than 30 ms.

Abstract: A developer contains a toner having an external additive deposited thereon. The developer is used with an image-forming apparatus including an image carrier including a surface layer in which fluoropolymer resin particles are dispersed and a cleaning member disposed in contact with an outer surface of the image carrier. The external additive is a nonspherical external additive whose volume average particle size is smaller than the average particle size of exposed portions of the fluoropolymer resin particles in the surface layer of the image carrier.

Abstract: An image-forming apparatus includes an image unit that forms an image using a white toner and a color toner and a fixing unit that fixes the image to a medium with heat. The toner mass per unit area of the white toner ? (g/m2) in an image of the color toner superimposed on the white toner formed on paper used as the medium satisfies: 0.03+1.31×Rw?0.47×Rc+0.02×Gw?0.07×Gc???0.05+1.06×Rw+0.42×Rc?0.02×Gw+0.05×Gc where Rw is the average particle diameter (?m) of the white toner, Rc is the average particle diameter (?m) of the color toner, Gw is the storage modulus (kPa) of the white toner at 120° C., and Gc is the storage modulus (kPa) of the color toner at 120° C.

Abstract: An electrostatic image developer includes a toner containing an external additive having a volume-average particle size of about 80 to 400 nm and an average circularity of about 0.7 to 0.85. The developer is used in an image forming apparatus including an image-carrying member having a top surface layer containing fluorocarbon resin particles, and a developer-carrying member that faces the image-carrying member and carries an electrostatic image developer, in which a value obtained by dividing the amount of developer on the developer-carrying member [g/m2] by a shortest distance between the image-carrying member and the developer-carrying member [?m] is about 0.8 to 1.8, and a peripheral velocity ratio of the developer-carrying member to the image-carrying member is about 1.5 to 5.0 or the developer-carrying member moves in a direction opposite to the image-carrying member in a facing portion.

Abstract: An electrostatic charge image developing toner includes: toner particles; and an external additive having an average particle diameter of from about 70 nm to about 420 nm, an average circularity of equal to or less than about 0.9, and a standard deviation of the circularity of greater than 0.2.

Abstract: A developing device includes a first developer holder and a second developer holder. The first developer holder is disposed so as to face an image holding member and rotates so as to move in a direction opposite to a direction of movement of the image holding member at a first facing portion. The second developer holder is disposed downstream from the first developer holder in the direction of movement of the image holding member so as to face the image holding member and rotates so as to move in the same direction as the image holding member moves at a second facing portion. A value obtained by dividing an amount of developer per unit area held on the first developer holder by a shortest distance between the image holding member and the first developer holder is approximately in a range from 1.00×103 kg/m3 to 1.60×103 kg/m3.

Abstract: A developer contains a toner having an external additive deposited thereon. The developer is used with an image-forming apparatus including an image carrier including a surface layer in which fluoropolymer resin particles are dispersed and a cleaning member disposed in contact with an outer surface of the image carrier. The external additive is a nonspherical external additive whose volume average particle size is smaller than the average particle size of exposed portions of the fluoropolymer resin particles in the surface layer of the image carrier.

Abstract: A two-component developer includes: a toner; a carrier having a surface energy of from about 23 dyne/cm to about 37 dyne/cm; and an external additive having a shape factor SF1 of from about 130 to about 150 and a number-average particle diameter of from about 80 nm to about 1 ?m; and an existence ratio A of the external additive on a surface of the toner and an existence ratio B of the external additive on a surface of the carrier satisfying the relationship of the following Expression 1: 0.04?B/A?0.4.

Abstract: An electrostatic charge image developing toner includes: toner particles; and an external additive. The external additive contains sol-gel silica having a volume average particle diameter of from about 70 nm to about 400 nm and an average circularity of from about 0.5 to about 0.9, and a dielectric loss factor of the toner is from about 5×10?3 to about 30×10?3 when the toner is kept for 24 hours under the environment of a temperature of 28° C. and a humidity of 85%.

Abstract: A method of producing a carrier for electrophotography includes: covering a surface of a core particle with a coating layer including resin particles and a crosslinking resin in an uncrosslinked state present in spaces between the resin particles; and applying a mechanical impact from the outer surface of the coating layer before crosslinking of the crosslinking resin.

Abstract: The invention provides a toner for developing an electrostatic image including toner particles having a shape factor SF1 of 110 or more and including a binder resin, and particles of an external additive that adhere to the toner particles, wherein the particles of the external additive including first particles, and second particles which are adhered to the first particles and have a primary particle size of 0.2 times to 0.5 times as large as that of the first particles, and in an image obtained by observing the particles of the external additive with a microscope, when the projection surface area of the first particle is defined as S1 and the total of the projection surface areas of the second particles which are not hidden by the first particle is defined as S2, S2 being from 0.1 times to 0.5 times as large as S1.

Abstract: An electrophotographic developer is provided which includes: a toner that includes toner base particles and an external additive attached to a surface of the toner base particles and has an amount of Al on the surface of the toner base particles of from about 0.002 to about 0.02 atm %; and a carrier that includes magnetic particles and a coating resin layer that coats the magnetic particles, the coating resin layer including particles with a volume-average particle diameter of from about 80 to about 800 nm, such as organic particles or inorganic particles having an organic layer on a surface of the inorganic particles, the carrier satisfying any one of the following formulas, where SP1, SP2 and SP3 represent a solubility parameter of resin of the coating resin layer, the organic particles, and the organic layer respectively: about 10>|SP1?SP2|>about 4??(1); and about 10>|SP1?SP3|>about 4??(2).

Abstract: An electrostatic charge image developing toner includes: toner particles; and an external additive having an average particle diameter of from about 70 nm to about 420 nm, an average circularity of equal to or less than about 0.9, and a standard deviation of the circularity of greater than 0.2.

Abstract: An electrostatic charge image developing toner includes toner particles and an external additive. The toner particles have a moisture content of from 0.1 mass % to 5.0 mass %, and the external additive has a volume average particle diameter of from about 70 nm to about 400 nm and an average circularity of from 0.5 to 0.9.

Abstract: An electrostatic charge image developing toner includes: toner particles; and an external additive. The external additive contains sol-gel silica having a volume average particle diameter of from about 70 nm to about 400 nm and an average circularity of from about 0.5 to about 0.9, and a dielectric loss factor of the toner is from about 5×10?3 to about 30×10?3 when the toner is kept for 24 hours under the environment of a temperature of 28° C. and a humidity of 85%.