Abstract: The use of certain polyol ester (POE) based fluids has been found to be surprisingly effective in, e.g., automotive automatic transmissions, such as, for example, racing automotive automatic transmissions. The use of select POE based fluids has been found to lower operating temperatures, improve torque convertor engagement and torque convertor lock-up due to improved efficiency, performance and friction properties, allowing improved efficiency in high stress applications.

Abstract: A lubricant composition for lower unit gear drives in outboard and stern drive engines is disclosed. The lubricant composition comprises: (a) a highly sulfurized olefin; (b) an amine salt of a phosphorus compound; (c) a high molecular weight PIBSA-PAM dispersant; and (d) a copper corrosion inhibitor.

Abstract: The lubricating compositions of the present invention are designed for use in a four stroke outboard marine engine and contain an oil of lubricating viscosity, an ashless dispersant, a metal detergent, a rust inhibitor system comprising a combination of certain rust inhibitors with an ethoxylated alkyl phenol, a relatively high amount of ZDDP, and an amount of a molybdenum compound sufficient to provide the composition with 15-1,000 ppm by mass of molybdenum. An amount of about 15 ppm to 1,000 ppm by mass of molybdenum from a molybdenum compound has been found to be effective as an antiwear agent in combination with the high levels of ZDDP.

Abstract: The lubricating compositions of the present invention are designed for use in a four stroke outboard marine engine and contain an oil of lubricating viscosity, an ashless dispersant, a metal detergent, a rust inhibitor, a relatively high amount of ZDDP, and an amount of a molybdenum compound sufficient to provide the composition with 15-1,000 ppm by mass of molybdenum. An amount of about 15 ppm to 1,000 ppm by mass of molybdenum from a molybdenum compound has been found to be effective as an antiwear agent in combination with the high levels of ZDDP.

Abstract: There are disclosed novel reaction products of a borated hydrocarbyl succinimide dispersant and a phosphorus compound selected from the group consisting of (i) zinc dialkyldithiophosphates and (ii) amine salts of acid phosphates which are highly effective combustion improver additives for use in two-cycle and small engine four-cycle lubricating oils.

Abstract: There are disclosed novel reaction products of a borated hydrocarbyl succinimide dispersant and phosphate or phosphite compounds which are highly effective combustion improver additives for use in two-cycle and small engine four-cycle lubricating oils.

Abstract: Concentrates for lubricating oil compositions are prepared by mixing at elevated temperature: (i) at least one high molecular weight ashless dispersant; (ii) at least one oil-soluble overbased metal detergent; and (iii) at least one surface-active agent comprising a low molecular weight hydroxyl or amine group.

Abstract: A continuous process for functionalizing polymers is disclosed, wherein (A) a liquid comprising the polymer and a gas comprising a functionalizing agent are continuously introduced into a dispersing zone operated in laminar flow with high intensity mixing of the liquid and the gas under functionalization conditions, wherein the mixing is conducted for a period of the dispersing zone residence time at a shear rate effective to form a stable gas-liquid dispersion in which the gas is substantially dissolved or dispersed in the liquid for functionalization, and wherein the shear rate is less than about 5 s.sup.-1 for no more than about 30% of the residence time; (B) the gas-liquid dispersion is continuously passed to a blending zone operated in laminar flow with low intensity mixing under functionalization conditions, wherein the mixing is conducted at a shear rate effective to further dissolve the gas into the liquid for further functionalization; and (C) continuously recovering functionalized polymer.

Abstract: The invention pertains to oil soluble copolymers derived from ethylene and 1-butene which have a number average molecular weight between about 1,500 and 7,500, at least about 30 percent of all polymer chains terminated with ethylvinylidene groups, and ethylene-derived content of not greater than about 50 weight percent, and which form solutions in mineral oil free of polymer aggregates, as determined by light scattering measurements. Lubricating oil additives, particularly dispersants, produced by the functionalization and derivatization of these copolymers have enhanced performance (e.g., improved dispersancy and pour point) in lubricating oil compositions, attributable in part to the combination of properties characterizing the copolymers.

Abstract: An improved process for the homopolymerization and copolymerization of .alpha.-olefins utilizing highly dilute .alpha.-olefin feedstreams to effect high conversions and catalyst efficiencies in the production of non-ethylene copolymers. The instant invention is particularly adaptable to polymerizing the .alpha.-olefin content of commercially available refinery feedstreams such as Raffinate-2.

Abstract: An improved process for the copolymerization of ethylene and .alpha.-olefins utilizing highly dilute .alpha.-olefin feedstreams to effect high conversions and catalyst productivities. The instant invention is particularly adaptable to copolymerizing the .alpha.-olefin content of commercially available refinery feedstreams such as Raffinate-2.

Abstract: The invention pertains to oil soluble copolymers derived from ethylene and 1-butene which have a number average molecular weight between about 1,500 and 7,500, at least about 30 percent of all polymer chains terminated with ethylvinylidene groups, and ethylene-derived content of not greater than about 50 weight percent, and which form solutions in mineral oil free of polymer aggregates, as determined by light scattering measurements. Lubricating oil additives, particularly dispersants, produced by the functionalization and derivatization of these copolymers have enhanced performance (e.g., improved dispersancy and pour point) in lubricating oil compositions, attributable in part to the combination of properties characterizing the copolymers.

Abstract: The invention pertains to olefinically unsaturated polymers wherein at least a portion of the olefinic unsaturation has three hydrocarbyl substituents attached to the two carbons of an olefinic unsaturation (i.e., trisubstituted vinyl). The invention is an H.sub.2 C=CHR .alpha.-olefin polymer composition, wherein R is H or alkyl, with a substantial portion of the polymer unsaturation as trisubstituted.

Abstract: The invention pertains to oil soluble copolymers derived from ethylene and 1-butene which have a number average molecular weight between about 1,500 and 7,500, at least about 30 percent of all polymer chains terminated with ethylvinylidene groups, and ethylene-derived content of not greater than about 50 weight percent, and which form solutions in mineral oil free of polymer aggregates, as determined by light scattering measurements. Lubricating oil additives, particularly dispersants, produced by the functionalization and derivatization of these copolymers have enhanced performance (e.g., improved dispersancy and pour point) in lubricating oil compositions, attributable in part to the combination of properties characterizing the copolymers.