Abstract: Providing composite structures with micro contoured surface layer. There is provided a method to adjust roughness level of micro contoured surface layer when manufacturing a composite and products thereof. The micro contoured surface layer may cover all or at least part of the surface area of the composite product. The roughness level of micro contoured surface layer may be increased or decreased by controlling the process parameters. In particular, there is provided a method to increase the roughness level of composite material having a primary surface layer with a primary surface roughness by softening the primary surface layer of the composite material by heating and providing a secondary surface layer of the composite material surface with a secondary surface roughness by cooling the softened surface layer. Further, there are provided methods to determine and visualize the level of micro contoured surface layer roughness on a composite product surface.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for enzymatic hydrolysis where a plant based feed is hydrolysed using an enzyme to form a hydrolysed product. An additive for preventing enzyme adsorption is fed to an enzymatic hydrolysis stage, the plant based feed the hydrolysed product a starting material, and/or a plant based material formed from the starting material. The hydrolysed product is supplied from the enzymatic hydrolysis stage to a first solid-liquid separation stage where a lignin fraction comprising the additive and a liquid composition comprising the enzyme are separated. The liquid composition is mixed with the plant based material in a mixing stage, forming a mixture. A solid fraction and liquid fraction are separated from the mixture in a second solid-liquid separation stage. At least part of the solid which comprises comprising the enzyme is fed as the plant based feed to the enzymatic hydrolysis stage.

Abstract: In a method and an apparatus for an enzymatic hydrolysis in which plant based raw material is hydrolysed by means of enzymes in at least one enzymatic hydrolysis stage. A plant based feed (1) is fed to the enzymatic hydrolysis stage (2) in which the plant based feed is hydrolysed. A liquid fraction (3) comprising carbohydrates is separated from a solid fraction (4) in a solid-liquid separation stage (11). At least a part (5) of the solid fraction (4) comprising enzymes is recirculated to the plant based feed (1) of the enzymatic hydrolysis stage (2) or to the enzymatic hydrolysis stage (2), and a rest part (6) of the solid fraction (4) is recovered. Further, the invention relates to the liquid fraction and the solid fraction and their use.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for an enzymatic hydrolysis in which plant based raw material is hydrolysed by means of enzymes. The plant based raw material (1) is fed to the first enzymatic hydrolysis stage (2), the plant based raw material (1) is hydrolysed in at least two enzymatic hydrolysis stages (2,4), a liquid fraction (5a,5b) comprising carbohydrates is separated from a solid fraction (6a,6b) in a solid-liquid separation stage (7a,7b) after each enzymatic hydrolysis stage (2,4), and the solid fraction (6a) is supplied to the next enzymatic hydrolysis stage (4) in which the solid fraction is treated, and the solid fraction (6b) is recovered after the last solid-liquid separation stage (7b). Further, the invention relates to the liquid fraction and the solid fraction and their use.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for treating plant based raw material with an enzymatic hydrolysis, in which the plant based raw material (1) is treated to form lignocellulosic material (3a,3b) and the lignocellulosic material (3a,3b) or its fraction (10) is conducted into the enzymatic hydrolysis (4), wherein the method comprises at least one treatment stage (2a,2b,2c) in which the plant based raw material (1) is treated so that the lignocellulosic material (3a,3b) contains over 80% fine solid particles which are fiber-like or indefinable particles smaller than 0.2 mm, defined by an optical measurement device, the lignocellulosic material (3a,3b) or at least one fraction (10) of the lignocellulosic material is supplied into the enzymatic hydrolysis (4) for forming a lignin based material (5), and at least one solid-liquid separation stage (6) after the enzymatic hydrolysis (4) in which a lignin fraction (7) and a soluble carbohydrate containing fraction (8) are separated.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a soluble carbohydrate containing fraction (10), in which lignocellulose material (3) formed by treating plant based raw material (1) is conducted into a separation stage (4). The method comprises at least one solid-liquid separation stage (4) for separating a soluble carbohydrate containing fraction (10) and/or a washing filtrate (12) from lignocellulose material (3), and at least a part of the soluble carbohydrate containing fraction (10) and/or the washing filtrate (12) is recirculated to the lignocellulose material (3) for increasing concentration of the soluble carbohydrate containing fraction, and solids (11) and at least a part of the soluble carbohydrate containing fraction (10) are supplied out from the separation stage. Further, the invention relates to the soluble carbohydrate containing fraction and the solid fraction, and their uses.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for washing a crude lignin slurry (5) formed from plant based raw material, wherein the method comprises separating a soluble carbohydrate containing fraction (10) from the crude lignin slurry (5) by using displacement washing in at least one solid-liquid separation stage (6) so that the crude lignin slurry is prepressed, washed and pressed, and recovering a solid fraction (11) and the soluble carbohydrate containing fraction (10). Further, the invention relates to the soluble carbohydrate containing fraction and the solid fraction, and their uses.

Abstract: The application relates to a composition and manufacturing and a use of a composite structure having vibrational properties and to a product thereof. According to an embodiment a composition comprises a matrix material and organic natural fiber material, wherein speed of sound is arranged to be different in different directions in the composition.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composite comprising matrix material and organic natural fiber material. The composite may be a compound, a granulate, or at least a part of a sound reproduction device. The composite may be made by injection molding. According to an embodiment a composite comprises matrix material and organic natural fiber based material, wherein the matrix material comprises a thermoplastic polymer matrix. The composite may comprise a relative sound wave resistance of 1500-5000. The composite may comprise a relative damping of sound radiation of 1.5-5.0. The composite may comprise a dynamic modulus of 2000-11000 measured according to ISO 6721-3. The composite may comprise a relative acoustic quality factor of 5-200. The composite may comprise a relative factor of viscous damping of 0.500-0.005.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a composite product comprising organic natural fiber material and matrix material, wherein the method comprises mixing the organic natural fiber material with the matrix material in a primary mixing stage to form a mixture. The primary mixing stage comprises a contacting step in which the organic natural fiber material comes in contact with the matrix material that is at least partly in a form of melt, and bulk density of the organic natural fiber material is less than 500 kg/m3. The method further comprises forming a composite product comprising the mixture. Further, the invention relates to a composite product, a use of the composite product, and a system for manufacturing a composite product.

Abstract: Providing composite structures with micro contoured surface layer. There is provided a method to adjust roughness level of micro contoured surface layer when manufacturing a composite and products thereof. The micro contoured surface layer may cover all or at least part of the surface area of the composite product. The roughness level of micro contoured surface layer may be increased or decreased by controlling the process parameters. In particular, there is provided a method to increase the roughness level of composite material having a primary surface layer with a primary surface roughness by softening the primary surface layer of the composite material by heating and providing a secondary surface layer of the composite material surface with a secondary surface roughness by cooling the softened surface layer. Further, there are provided methods to determine and visualize the level of micro contoured surface layer roughness on a composite product surface.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composite comprising matrix material and organic natural fiber material. The composite may be a compound, a granulate, or at least a part of a sound reproduction device. The composite may be made by injection molding. According to an embodiment a composite comprises matrix material and organic natural fiber based material, wherein the matrix material comprises a thermoplastic polymer matrix. The composite may comprise a relative sound wave resistance of 1500-5000. The composite may comprise a relative damping of sound radiation of 1.5-5.0. The composite may comprise a dynamic modulus of 2000-11000 measured according to ISO 6721-3. The composite may comprise a relative acoustic quality factor of 5-200. The composite may comprise a relative factor of viscous damping of 0.500-0.005.

Abstract: The invention relates to a paper product formed from fiber-based pulp to which a material component of plant origin is added. According to the invention, the material component of plant origin is a material which is formed from small particles and which is formed from a source material of plant origin selected at least mainly from the group of bark free wood, stem parts of plants and their combinations and their derivatives, and the paper product contains 4 to 50 vol-% of the material component of plat origin, substantially to increase the printing area in the paper product relative to the bulk of the paper. In addition, the invention relates to a process for manufacturing a paper product.

Abstract: The application relates to a composition and manufacturing and a use of a composite structure having vibrational properties and to a product thereof. According to an embodiment a composition comprises a matrix material and organic natural fiber material, wherein speed of sound is arranged to be different in different directions in the composition.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a composite product comprising organic natural fiber material and matrix material, wherein the method comprises mixing the organic natural fiber material with the matrix material in a primary mixing stage to form a mixture. The primary mixing stage comprises a contacting step in which the organic natural fiber material comes in contact with the matrix material that is at least partly in a form of melt, and compression ratio of the organic natural fiber material is less than 8. The method further comprises forming a composite product comprising the mixture. Further, the invention relates to a composite product, a use of the composite product, and a system for manufacturing a composite product.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composite product. According to the invention, the composite product contains a polymer based material and an organic natural fiber material, and the organic natural fiber material has a form, and the form of fibers of the organic natural fiber material is a flake, and the organic natural fiber material in the form of the flakes has been mixed with the polymer based material. Further, the invention relates to a method for manufacturing a composite product, a material component, a use of a composite product and a final product.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a composite product comprising organic natural fiber material and matrix material, wherein the method comprises mixing the organic natural fiber material with the matrix material in a primary mixing stage to form a mixture. The primary mixing stage comprises a contacting step in which the organic natural fiber material comes in contact with the matrix material that is at least partly in a form of melt, and bulk density of the organic natural fiber material is less than 500 kg/m3. The method further comprises forming a composite product comprising the mixture. Further, the invention relates to a composite product, a use of the composite product, and a system for manufacturing a composite product.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composite product. According to the invention the composite product contains a polymer based material and an organic natural fiber material, and the organic natural fiber material has been mixed with the polymer based material to form a mixture, and the composite product having an pore volume has been formed from the mixture so that the pore volume of the composite product is under 15%. Further, the invention relates to method for manufacturing a composite product, a use of the composite product and a final product.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composite product. According to the invention, the composite product contains a polymer based material and an organic natural fiber material, and the organic natural fiber material has a form, and the form of fibers of the organic natural fiber material is a flake, and the organic natural fiber material in the form of the flakes has been mixed with the polymer based material. Further, the invention relates to a method for manufacturing a composite product, a material component, a use of a composite product and a final product.

Abstract: The invention relates to a paper product formed from fiber-based pulp to which a material component of plant origin is added. According to the invention, the material component of plant origin is a material which is formed from small particles and which is formed from a source material of plant origin selected at least mainly from the group of bark free wood, stem parts of plants and their combinations and their derivatives, and the paper product contains 4 to 50 vol-% of the material component of plat origin, substantially to increase the printing area in the paper product relative to the bulk of the paper. In addition, the invention relates to a process for manufacturing a paper product.