Abstract: Extrusion dies and methods of manufacturing extrusions dies, the extrusion die including a first plate and a second plate. The first plate has first upstream and downstream surfaces. A first material of the first plate has a first elastic modulus. The first plate includes pins formed between a plurality of slots. The pins and slots define a discharge face for the extrusion die at the first downstream surface of the first plate. The second plate has second upstream and downstream surfaces. The second plate is joined at the second downstream surface to the first upstream surface of the first plate. A second material of the second plate has a second elastic modulus. The second elastic modulus is greater than the first elastic modulus. A plurality of feed holes extend from the second upstream surface of the second plate through the extrusion die into communication with the slots.

Abstract: Extrusion dies and methods of manufacturing extrusions dies, the extrusion die including a first plate and a second plate. The first plate has first upstream and downstream surfaces. A first material of the first plate has a first elastic modulus. The first plate includes pins formed between a plurality of slots. The pins and slots define a discharge face for the extrusion die at the first downstream surface of the first plate. The second plate has second upstream and downstream surfaces. The second plate is joined at the second downstream surface to the first upstream surface of the first plate. A second material of the second plate has a second elastic modulus. The second elastic modulus is greater than the first elastic modulus. A plurality of feed holes extend from the second upstream surface of the second plate through the extrusion die into communication with the slots.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are disclosed for forming a glass article in which molten glass is heated in a refractory vessel by establishing an electrical current in the molten glass between opposing powered electrodes along a first electrical path. The melting vessel includes a precious metal component in contact with the molten glass, and at least one non-powered electrode proximate the precious metal component. The at least one non-powered electrode and the precious metal component form second and third electrical paths, respectively, in parallel with the first electrical path such that an electrical current in the second electrical path is decreased, thereby reducing an electrochemical reaction in the precious metal component.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are disclosed for forming a glass article in which molten glass is heated in a refractory vessel defining a space interior to the refractory vessel. A precious metal component is exposed to the interior space. The apparatus includes first and second electrodes exposed to the interior space. A first electrical power source configured to supply a first electrical current is connected between the first and second electrodes. A second electrical power source is connected between the precious metal component and at least one of the first electrode or a first auxiliary electrode and configured to provide a second electrical current out-of-phase with the first electrical current.

Abstract: Extrusion dies and methods of manufacturing extrusions dies, the extrusion die including a first plate and a second plate. The first plate has first upstream and downstream surfaces. A first material of the first plate has a first elastic modulus. The first plate includes pins formed between a plurality of slots. The pins and slots define a discharge face for the extrusion die at the first downstream surface of the first plate. The second plate has second upstream and downstream surfaces. The second plate is joined at the second downstream surface to the first upstream surface of the first plate. A second material of the second plate has a second elastic modulus. The second elastic modulus is greater than the first elastic modulus. A plurality of feed holes extend from the second upstream surface of the second plate through the extrusion die into communication with the slots.

Abstract: A glass ceramic precursor glass and a glass ceramic having low levels of rhodium and a method of controlling the amount of rhodium in such glasses and glass ceramics. The precursor glass and glass ceramic contain from about 1 ppm to about 10 ppm and, in certain embodiments, from about 1 ppm to about 6 ppm rhodium. The method of controlling of reducing rhodium dissolution from a rhodium-containing material such as, for example, an alloy into a glass melt comprises controlling and/or lowering the partial pressure of oxygen at the rhodium-containing vessel/glass interface by imposing a high humidity condition around the external (non-glass-contact) surface of the rhodium-containing material. The lower concentration of rhodium minimizes its coloring effect on the white color of the glass ceramic.

Abstract: A glass ceramic precursor glass and a glass ceramic having low levels of rhodium and a method of controlling the amount of rhodium in such glasses and glass ceramics. The precursor glass and glass ceramic contain from about 1 ppm to about 10 ppm and, in certain embodiments, from about 1 ppm to about 6 ppm rhodium. The method of controlling of reducing rhodium dissolution from a rhodium-containing material such as, for example, an alloy into a glass melt comprises controlling and/or lowering the partial pressure of oxygen at the rhodium-containing vessel/glass interface by imposing a high humidity condition around the external (non-glass-contact) surface of the rhodium-containing material. The lower concentration of rhodium minimizes its coloring effect on the white color of the glass ceramic.

Abstract: A glass ceramic precursor glass and a glass ceramic having low levels of rhodium and a method of controlling the amount of rhodium in such glasses and glass ceramics. The precursor glass and glass ceramic contain from about 1 ppm to about 10 ppm and, in certain embodiments, from about 1 ppm to about 6 ppm rhodium. The method of controlling of reducing rhodium dissolution from a rhodium-containing material such as, for example, an alloy into a glass melt comprises controlling and/or lowering the partial pressure of oxygen at the rhodium-containing vessel/glass interface by imposing a high humidity condition around the external (non-glass-contact) surface of the rhodium-containing material. The lower concentration of rhodium minimizes its coloring effect on the white color of the glass ceramic.

Abstract: A glass ceramic precursor glass and a glass ceramic having low levels of rhodium and a method of controlling the amount of rhodium in such glasses and glass ceramics. The precursor glass and glass ceramic contain from about 1 ppm to about 10 ppm and, in certain embodiments, from about 1 ppm to about 6 ppm rhodium. The method of controlling of reducing rhodium dissolution from a rhodium-containing material such as, for example, an alloy into a glass melt comprises controlling and/or lowering the partial pressure of oxygen at the rhodium-containing vessel/glass interface by imposing a high humidity condition around the external (non-glass-contact) surface of the rhodium-containing material. The lower concentration of rhodium minimizes its coloring effect on the white color of the glass ceramic.

Abstract: Methods of forming a laminate comprising a sheet of semiconductor material utilize a system. The system comprises a fibrous sheet, a guide member for guiding the fibrous sheet, and a melt of a semiconductor material. The sheet of semiconductor material and a laminate comprising the fibrous sheet and the sheet of semiconductor material are also included.

Abstract: A method of forming a sheet of semiconductor material utilizes a system. The system comprises a first convex member extending along a first axis and capable of rotating about the first axis and a second convex member spaced from the first convex member and extending along a second axis and capable of rotating about the second axis. The first and second convex members define a nip gap therebetween. The method comprises applying a melt of the semiconductor material on an external surface of at least one of the first and second convex members to form a deposit on the external surface of at least one of the first and second convex members. The method further comprises rotating the first and second convex members in a direction opposite one another to allow for the deposit to pass through the nip gap, thereby forming the sheet of semiconductor material.

Abstract: A method and resulting device for metallic structures including interconnects and sealed frames for solid oxide fuel cells, particularly those with multi-cell electrolyte sheets, includes providing a high-temperature aluminum-containing surface-alumina-forming steel, forming an interconnect structure from the steel, removing any alumina layer from a surface portion of the interconnect where an electrical contact is to be formed, providing a structure having a surface portion with which electrical contact is to be made by the surface portion of the interconnect, and brazing the surface portion of the interconnect to the surface portion of the structure, and sealing fuel cell frames by brazing.

Abstract: Described herein are methods of producing an aluminide barrier layer, wherein the barrier layer includes nickel aluminide, iron aluminide, or a combination thereof, and the barrier layer is produced by a diffusion coating process on at least one surface of the article. The methods described herein are useful for preventing or reducing the migration of a metal species at or near at least one surface of the article. The articles produced by the methods described herein have numerous applications in the construction and operation of fuel cells.

Abstract: A method and resulting device for metallic structures including interconnects and sealed frames for solid oxide fuel cells, particularly those with multi-cell electrolyte sheets, includes providing a high-temperature aluminum-containing surface-alumina-forming steel, forming an interconnect structure from the steel, removing any alumina layer from a surface portion of the interconnect where an electrical contact is to be formed, providing a structure having a surface portion with which electrical contact is to be made by the surface portion of the interconnect, and brazing the surface portion of the interconnect to the surface portion of the structure, and sealing fuel cell frames by brazing.