Abstract: An organic light-emitting device including a barrier layer that includes a silicon oxide layer and a silicon-rich silicon nitride layer. The organic light-emitting device includes a flexible substrate that includes a barrier layer and plastic films disposed under and over the barrier layer. The barrier layer includes a silicon-rich silicon nitride layer and a silicon oxide layer. The order in which the silicon-rich silicon nitride layer and the silicon oxide layer are stacked is not limited and the silicon oxide layer may be first formed and then the silicon-rich silicon nitride layer may be stacked on the silicon oxide layer. The silicon-rich silicon nitride layer has a refractive index of 1.81 to 1.85.

Abstract: In an organic light emitting device and a method of manufacturing the organic light emitting device, reflective layers are formed on pixel definition layers to prevent the generation of an open edge defect (or a non-transfer defect) in forming light emitting layers. The organic light emitting device includes a base, first electrodes patterned and formed on the base, light emitting layers formed on the first electrodes, and a second electrode formed on the light emitting layers. Pixel definition layers are formed between the patterned first electrodes, and reflective layers are disposed in the pixel definition layers.

Abstract: A display substrate includes a gate line, a gate insulation layer, a data line, a switching element, a protection insulation layer, a gate pad portion and a data pad portion. The gate insulation layer is disposed on the gate line. The switching element is connected to the gate line and the data line. The protection insulation layer is disposed on the switching element. The gate pad portion includes a first gate pad electrode which makes contact with an end portion of the gate line through a first hole formed through the gate insulation layer, and a second gate pad electrode which makes contact with the first gate pad electrode through a second hole formed through the protection insulation layer. The data pad portion includes a data pad electrode which makes contact with an end portion of the data line through a third hole formed through the protection insulation layer.

Abstract: Disclosed are a display apparatus and a method of driving the same. An image signal receiver sequentially outputs frames for image display. A local illumination calculation unit displays an image on a display unit based on the frames and calculates light emission amount of a light source provided for each section of a backlight unit. A frame interpolator generates sub-frames based on the frames and outputs the sub-frames and the frames. A pixel adjuster adjusts light transmittance of each pixel according to the brightness of each pixel and the amount of the light emitted from each section which is calculated by the local illumination calculation unit when the image is displayed based on the frames and the sub-frames sequentially output from a frame interpolator. Local illumination is realized without increasing the number of memory devices while a frame frequency is increased.

Abstract: An electro-wetting display substrate includes a base substrate including a gate line extending in a first direction and a data line extending in a second direction, where the first direction is different from the second direction, a switching element electrically connected to the gate line and the data line, a pixel electrode electrically connected to the switching element, a notch electrode disposed adjacent to the switching element and overlapping the pixel electrode, and a water-repellent layer disposed over the pixel electrode.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display panel, a data driving part, and a timing control part. The display panel includes gate lines extending in a first direction, data lines extending in a second direction crossing the first direction, and first and second pixel groups. The first and second pixel groups are disposed at opposing sides of a data line and are alternately connected to the data line. The data driving part includes channels connected to the data lines. The channels output a data signal to the data lines, the data signal has a first polarity or a second polarity, and the second polarity has an inversed phase to the first polarity. The timing control part outputs a data inverse control signal and first and second polarity control signal, which control the polarity of the data signal based on the data inverse control signal.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a display panel, the method includes forming a display panel including a first substrate, the first substrate including a pixel electrode disposed thereon, a second substrate including a common electrode disposed thereon, and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first and the second substrates, the liquid crystal layer including a plurality of liquid crystal molecules and a plurality of ultraviolet (“UV”)-curable particles; and curing a portion of the UV-curable particles by irradiating light on the display panel, wherein an exposure voltage, which is greater than a maximum data voltage corresponding to maximum grayscale data of the display panel, is applied between the pixel electrode and the common electrode. Also described is a display panel.

Abstract: A two-dimensional/three-dimensional switchable display apparatus includes: a display panel; a first substrate disposed on the display panel; a first electrode layer disposed on the first substrate and including a plurality of first electrodes; a second substrate disposed on the first substrate; a second electrode layer disposed on the second substrate and including a plurality of second electrodes; and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first and second substrates. A plurality of lens units are formed in association with a first position of the liquid crystal layer when a lens forming voltage profile is applied to the first electrodes and a common voltage is applied to the second electrodes. When the common voltage is applied to the first electrodes and the lens forming voltage is applied to the second electrodes, the plurality of lens units are formed in association with a second position spaced apart from the first position.

Abstract: A display device includes: a first display panel; a second display panel facing the first display panel and including an optical sensor; an electro-optical active layer positioned between the first display panel and the second display panel; and a sensing gate driver including a first sensing gate driver and a second sensing gate driver, the sensing gate driver configured to transmit a sensing gate signal to the optical sensor, in which a first sensing gate off voltage applied to the first sensing gate driver is substantially the same as a second sensing gate off voltage applied to the second sensing gate driver.

Abstract: A crystallization apparatus for crystallizing a semiconductor layer formed on a substrate. The crystallization apparatus includes a laser generator, which generates a laser beam, an optical device for changing a path of the laser beam emitted from the laser generating device, and a stage on which the substrate is arranged, wherein the optical device changes the path of the laser beam by rotating with respect to a constant axis, and the stage is moved so that the laser beam having the changed path is irradiated to a constant region on the semiconductor layer.

Abstract: A method of driving an electro-wetting display panel including a pixel part is provided. In the method, data voltages are applied to the electro-wetting display panel during a first time of a frame. The frame has the first time and a second time. The first time has a plurality of horizontal periods. The data voltages are generated based on reference gamma voltages. At least one of reference gamma voltages of one of the horizontal periods is different from another of the reference gamma voltages of another of the horizontal periods. A reset voltage is applied to the electro-wetting display panel during the second time of the frame.

Abstract: An alignment layer, a liquid crystal display device, and a method for manufacturing the same. The alignment layer includes a first substance for forming a first main chain and a second substance for forming a second main chain on a substrate. The first substance is bonded to photocuring agents, and the second substance is bonded to vertical alignment groups. The photocuring agents are crosslinked to each other and are aligned at a pretilt angle with respect to the substrate. The vertical alignment groups are aligned substantially vertically to the substrate. The first and second substances are different from each other.

Abstract: A touch screen panel includes a unit pixel and a light sensing part. The unit pixel is connected to an N-th gate line and an M-th data line. The light sensing part is adjacent to the unit pixel. The light sensing part includes a first sensing switching element and a second sensing switching element. The first sensing switching element includes a gate electrode connected to the N-th gate line, a drain electrode connected to a P-th read out line and a source electrode connected to a first node. The second sensing switching element includes a gate electrode to which a first voltage is applied, a drain electrode connected to the first node and a source electrode connected to an X-th gate line. N, M, P and X are positive integers. Thus, an aperture ratio of the touch screen panel can be improved.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a display substrate and a method of manufacturing a display panel, the display substrate includes a color filter layer disposed on a base substrate within a pixel area, a first organic insulating pattern disposed on a first boundary area between adjacent pixel areas, a pixel electrode disposed on the color filter layer, and a first blocking pattern disposed on the first organic insulating pattern. Accordingly, an organic insulating layer corresponding to the pixel area is removed so that deterioration of the display quality by impurities generated from the organic insulating layer may be minimized. In addition, a stepped portion of a blocking pattern disposed between a pixel area and a boundary area of a plurality of the pixel areas is reduced so that motion blurring of a liquid crystal may be prevented.

Abstract: A display device and a method of driving the same in which moving image blurring is prevented and a contrast ratio is enhanced by providing a light-emitting element, switching transistors, and a driving transistor with driving signals that include specific voltages at predetermined times, so that the light-emitting element does not emit light for an entire frame and the light output is not influenced by a threshold voltage of the driving transistor.

Abstract: A crystallization method is disclosed. In one embodiment, the method includes providing a substrate having an amorphous silicon layer, wherein the substate has first and second sides opposing each other and irradiating a laser beam onto the substrate so as to have an inclined angle with respect to the first and second sides of the substrate. The method further includes relatively moving one of the laser beam and the substate with respect to the other i) in a first direction from the first side to the second side of the substate and ii) in a second direction which crosses the first direction.

Abstract: A display apparatus having a display panel and a lenticular plate is configured for displaying 3D images. The display panel includes a plurality of light output-controlling portions and a light blocking portion surrounding them. The light output-controlling portions each has a non-rectangular shape, for example a parallelogram shape. A width of the light blocking portion between adjacent light output-controlling portions is determined according to a repetition period of the light output-controlling portions and according to an inclination angle of the lenticular plate. The configuration prevents or suppresses perception of a Moiré artifact pattern.

Abstract: An exposure system includes an exposure apparatus and a phase shift mask. The exposure apparatus emits a multi-wavelength light including a plurality of wavelengths different from each other. The phase shift mask includes a transparent substrate and a light blocking layer. The transparent substrate includes a first surface, and a second surface opposite to the first surface. The multi-wavelength light is incident into the first surface. The transparent substrate further includes a recess which extends from the second surface toward the first surface. The light blocking layer includes a first opening which exposes the second surface of the transparent substrate, and a second opening which is spaced apart from the first opening and exposes the recess of the transparent substrate.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display (“LCD”) includes; disposing a gate line including a gate electrode on a substrate, disposing a gate insulating layer on the gate line, disposing a data layer including a data line, source electrode and a drain electrode facing the source electrode on the gate insulating layer, disposing a color filter on the gate insulating layer, disposing an overcoat layer on the color filter, disposing a planarization layer on a portion of the overcoat layer corresponding to the gate line, the data line and the drain electrode, and disposing a pixel electrode in contacted with the overcoat layer in a region corresponding to the color filter.

Abstract: A thin film transistor substrate including a thin film transistor having a drain electrode with an electrode portion, which overlaps with a semiconductor layer, and an extended portion, which extends from the electrode portion and has a portion overlapping with a storage electrode or storage electrode line. A passivation layer is arranged on the drain electrode, and it has a contact hole that partially exposes the extended portion of the drain electrode without exposing a step in the extended portion caused by the storage electrode or storage electrode line. A pixel electrode is arranged on the passivation layer and is electrically connected with the extended portion of the drain electrode through the contact hole.