Abstract: Monoclonal antibodies that bind and inhibit the activity of human GDF15 are disclosed. The antibodies can be used to treat body weight loss, including cachexia, associated with the over-expression of human GDF15.

Abstract: A retrographic sensor includes a flexible transparent structure, a transparent elastomeric pad, and an at least partially reflective layer. The flexible transparent structure may be configured to elastically deform between multiple configurations. At least one light source emits light into the transparent structure. The flexible transparent structure may include one or more markers that are illuminated by the at least one light source. The retrographic sensor may also include a photosensitive detector configured to image the flexible transparent structure and one or more markers. A processor may determine a configuration of the flexible transparent structure based at least in part on an image from the one or more markers.

Abstract: According to various embodiments, a viewing event may be detected, the viewing event corresponding to a user viewing a content item. A view reason associated with the viewing event may be determined, the view reason indicating how the user was notified of the content item or how the user accessed the content item. A privacy value associated with the viewing event may be determined, the privacy value indicating an inferred sensitivity of the user to publication of the viewing event. Further, metadata describing the viewing event may be generated. Moreover, the metadata may be associated with the content item.

Abstract: According to various embodiments, a viewing event may be detected, the viewing event corresponding to a user viewing a content item. A view reason associated with the viewing event may be determined, the view reason indicating how the user was notified of the content item or how the user accessed the content item. A privacy value associated with the viewing event may be determined, the privacy value indicating an inferred sensitivity of the user to publication of the viewing event. Further, metadata describing the viewing event may be generated. Moreover, the metadata may be associated with the content item.

Abstract: According to various embodiments, a viewing event may be detected, the viewing event corresponding to a user viewing a content item. A view reason associated with the viewing event may be determined, the view reason indicating how the user was notified of the content item or how the user accessed the content item. A privacy value associated with the viewing event may be determined, the privacy value indicating an inferred sensitivity of the user to publication of the viewing event. Further, metadata describing the viewing event may be generated. Moreover, the metadata may be associated with the content item.

Abstract: A pre-emphasis circuit is disclosed. In one embodiment, a pre-emphasis circuit includes a first signal path configured to receive a first signal and a second signal path configured to receive the first signal. The second signal path includes a re-timing circuit configured to delay the first signal by a pre-determined amount to produce a second signal. The pre-emphasis circuit also includes a summing circuit coupled to receive the first signal from the first signal path and the second signal from the second signal path. The summing circuit is configured to add the second signal to the first signal to produce a third signal, wherein the third signal is logically equivalent to the first signal. The third signal has a first magnitude for a first portion of a bit-time of the first signal, and a second magnitude for a second portion of the bit-time of the first signal.

Abstract: According to various embodiments, a viewing event may be detected, the viewing event corresponding to a user viewing a content item. A view reason associated with the viewing event may be determined, the view reason indicating how the user was notified of the content item or how the user accessed the content item. A privacy value associated with the viewing event may be determined, the privacy value indicating an inferred sensitivity of the user to publication of the viewing event. Further, metadata describing the viewing event may be generated. Moreover, the metadata may be associated with the content item.

Abstract: Techniques for facilitating the promotion of content are described. Consistent with some embodiments, a content promotion interface is presented with a content item, enabling a user to promote the content item. By promoting the content item, the user can influence one or more algorithms used in selecting and presenting content items to other users, such that the promoted content item is provided preferential processing and may be selected for presentation in situations where it may otherwise not be (e.g., if not promoted), and the promoted content item may be presented in a manner designed to garner more collective user-attention than the content item would otherwise receive, if presented in a conventional manner (e.g., without having been promoted).

Abstract: A credit mechanism or system for use with a network-based application is described. The credit mechanism operates in conjunction with the network-based application to require that users pay a number of credits to interact with other users. The number of credits required to interact with a particular user may be determined using an algorithm that takes as input a number of signals that are inferred from observed data and which generally represent a measure of the particular user's willingness to provide time and attention (e.g., supply of attention), and a measure of the desire of other users to obtain the particular user's attention (e.g., demand for attention).

Abstract: A pre-emphasis circuit is disclosed. In one embodiment, a pre-emphasis circuit includes a first signal path configured to receive a first signal and a second signal path configured to receive the first signal. The second signal path includes a re-timing circuit configured to delay the first signal by a pre-determined amount to produce a second signal. The pre-emphasis circuit also includes a summing circuit coupled to receive the first signal from the first signal path and the second signal from the second signal path. The summing circuit is configured to add the second signal to the first signal to produce a third signal, wherein the third signal is logically equivalent to the first signal. The third signal has a first magnitude for a first portion of a bit-time of the first signal, and a second magnitude for a second portion of the bit-time of the first signal.

Abstract: A system for controlling signal skew between adjacent transmission lines is disclosed. In one embodiment, the system includes a plurality of transmission lines, each of which is physically adjacent to at least one other one of the plurality of transmission lines. The system further includes a plurality of transmission units, wherein each of the plurality of transmission units is coupled to a corresponding one of the plurality of transmission lines. Each of the plurality of transmission units is configured to transmit, in accordance with a respectively received one of a plurality of clock signals, a respective signal on its corresponding one of the plurality of transmission lines such that the respective signal is skewed by a predetermined amount with respect to signals transmitted on each adjacent one of the plurality of transmission lines.