Abstract: The present invention relates to a water treatment device, and more specifically to a water purifier capable of removing scale in a simple manner.

Abstract: Silicon oxide-based negative electrode active materials and negative electrodes for a secondary battery are disclosed. In an embodiment, a negative electrode active material for a secondary battery includes a silicon oxide particle including a metal silicate; and a hydrocarbon coating layer on the silicon oxide particle, wherein a peak Pa in a Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectral analysis of the negative electrode active material is detected in a range from 2880 cm?1 to 2950 cm?1 and a peak Pb in a FT-IR spectral analysis of the negative electrode active material is detected in a range from 2800 cm?1 to 2865 cm?1.

Abstract: A 5G or pre-5G communication system is provided to support higher data transmission rates after 4G communication systems such as LTE. To support communication of a terminal that dually accesses a first radio access technology (RAT) communication system and a second RAT communication system, a session generation request message for transmitting traffic is received from a terminal. A target communication system that is to generate a data path with respect to the traffic from the first RAT communication system and the second RAT communication system is determined, the data path for the target communication system is configured, and information about the configured data path is transmitted to the terminal.

Abstract: A 5G or pre-5G communication system is provided to support higher data transmission rates after 4G communication systems such as LTE. To support communication of a terminal that dually accesses a first radio access technology (RAT) communication system and a second RAT communication system, a session generation request message for transmitting traffic is received from a terminal. A target communication system that is to generate a data path with respect to the traffic from the first RAT communication system and the second RAT communication system is determined, the data path for the target communication system is configured, and information about the configured data path is transmitted to the terminal.

Abstract: A method for detecting a section where congestion occurs in a data transmission path by a user equipment (UE) comprises receiving a first probe packet, receiving a second probe packet, measuring an interval in time of reception between the first probe packet and the second probe packet, determining whether the measured time interval exceeds a threshold, and determining whether a bottleneck occurs using a result of the determination and information contained in the probe packets, wherein the information contained in the probe packets is information about the time interval between the probe packets and transmission rates of load packets.

Abstract: A method for controlling an upload size of data by a device is provided. The method includes determining whether to change a size of data to be uploaded based on a policy of an upload target server, upon determining to change the size of the data to be uploaded, determining an initial transfer size of the data, and uploading a part of the data corresponding to the determined initial transfer size, updating an upload result of the partial data in an upload history, and determining a next transfer size for the data depending on a reception result of the part of the data from the upload target server for a period obtained from the policy.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a sensor network, machine type communication (MTC), machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, and technology for internet of things (IoT). The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on the above technologies, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. A method includes acquiring a shared address for at least one file stored at a cloud storage server upon detecting that the at least one file needs to be backed up, determining at least one other cloud storage server to which the at least one file will be backed up, and transmitting a backup request message including the shared address to the at least one other cloud storage server.

Abstract: The present disclosure pertains to a 5G or pre-5G communication system that is to be provided so as to support higher data transmission rates after 4G communication systems such as LTE. The present disclosure provides a method for operating an apparatus for supporting communication of a terminal that dually accesses a first radio access technology (RAT) communication system and a second RAT communication system, the method comprising the operations of: receiving from the terminal a session generation request message for transmitting traffic; determining a target communication system that is to generate a data path with respect to the traffic from the first RAT communication system and the second RAT communication system; configuring the data path for the target communication system; and transmitting to the terminal information about the configured data path.

Abstract: A method of providing contents in a communication system by a proxy server includes selecting one of a first content and a second content based on a first channel bandwidth usable by a terminal and a second channel bandwidth usable by a base station; and providing the selected content to the terminal, wherein the first content requires a wider channel bandwidth than a channel bandwidth of the second content.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for controlling transmission control protocol (TCP) send buffers in communication systems are provided. The method includes identifying a current round-trip time (RTT) value and a minimum RTT value in the TCP and adjusting a size of the send buffer based on at least one of a current operation, the current RTT value, and the minimum RTT value in a congestion control scheme according to the TCP.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a proxy apparatus and to a caching method of same. The caching method of the proxy apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of: receiving a transmission request for content that can be divided into a plurality of blocks and instruction information for the playback position of the content from an external device; obtaining a header block that includes the header of the content when receiving the transmission request; identifying an intermediate block that corresponds to the playback position using the header; requesting and obtaining the intermediate block through a network when the identified intermediate block is not cached in the proxy apparatus; and transmitting to the external device at least a portion of the header and at least a portion of the intermediate block corresponding to the request.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system for measuring lower extremity muscle strength, and more particularly, to a system for measuring lower extremity muscle strength which can effectively measure or train lower extremity muscle strength by means of a simpler method.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a sensor network, Machine Type Communication (MTC), Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication, and technology for Internet of Things (IoT). The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on the above technologies, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. A method and an apparatus for synchronizing communication between nodes in a bluetooth low energy (BLE) mesh network. In the network, a node is configured to generates a seed value based on at least one of own transmission parameter, wherein the seed value indicates next data advertisement instance of corresponding node. Further, the seed value is used for communicating with other nodes (i.e. 1-hop neighbor nodes) in the network. Based on data transfer requirements of the node, the node synchronizes own data transmission and reception settings, such that no two nodes transmit data at the same time.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for estimating a position of a terminal is provided. The method and apparatus include a technique for a sensor network, a machine to machine (M2M), a machine type communication (MTC), and Internet of things (IoT), and may be used for intelligent services based on the technique (smart homes, smart buildings, smart cities, smart cars or connected cars, healthcare, digital education, retail industry, and security and safety related services). The method includes identifying direction information of a received signal if setting up connection between a terminal and an access point (AP), receiving information about a barometric pressure sensor from the terminal, and calculating the position of the terminal based on the direction information and the information about the barometric pressure sensor of the terminal.

Abstract: A method for detecting a section where congestion occurs in a data transmission path by a user equipment (UE) comprises receiving a first probe packet, receiving a second probe packet, measuring an interval in time of reception between the first probe packet and the second probe packet, determining whether the measured time interval exceeds a threshold, and determining whether a bottleneck occurs using a result of the determination and information contained in the probe packets, wherein the information contained in the probe packets is information about the time interval between the probe packets and transmission rates of load packets.

Abstract: A method for controlling traffic in an electronic device is provided. The method includes detecting a process request event for a first traffic, identifying whether the first traffic is allowed to be delayed, detecting whether a second traffic is generated if the first traffic is allowed to be delayed in a state where process of the first traffic is delayed, and processing the first traffic and the second traffic simultaneously if the second traffic is generated.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a sensor network, Machine Type Communication (MTC), Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication, and technology for Internet of Things (IoT). The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on the above technologies, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. A method and apparatus for estimating a location in a terminal are provided. The method includes calculating locations of the terminal and a tag, calculating information about movement of the terminal using a motion sensor, and correcting the calculated location of the tag based on information about the movement of the terminal.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for controlling traffic of a second electronic device, which interworks with a first electronic device, in the first electronic device is provided. The method includes detecting occurrence of an event which needs to be notified to the second electronic device, determining a time to notify the occurrence of the event based on a driving time of the second electronic device, and transmitting an event occurrence notification signal to the second electronic device at the determined notification time.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for managing a Domain Name System (DNS) server address in a communication system are provided. In the method for operating a terminal, an attempt to change an address of a DNS server to a first address is detected. Whether the first address is included in an address list defined in advance is determined. When the first address is not included in the address list defined in advance, the change to the first address is stopped.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for controlling transmission control protocol (TCP) send buffers in communication systems are provided. The method includes identifying a current round-trip time (RTT) value and a minimum RTT value in the TCP and adjusting a size of the send buffer based on at least one of a current operation, the current RTT value, and the minimum RTT value in a congestion control scheme according to the TCP.