Abstract: An image sensor includes a sensor substrate including a plurality of pixels for sensing incident light, and a nano-photonic microlens array including a plurality of nano-photonic microlenses corresponding respectively to the plurality of pixels, wherein each of the plurality of nano-photonic microlenses includes a plurality of nano-structures that are arranged two-dimensionally to condense incident light onto corresponding pixels, and a gap between two nano-structures that are arranged directly facing each other across a boundary between two adjacent nano-photonic microlenses is greater than an arrangement period of the plurality of nano-structures in each of the plurality of nano-photonic microlenses.

Abstract: An image sensor includes a sensor substrate includes first, second, and third pixels respectively sensing first, second and third wavelengths of light, A color separating lens array changes phase of light of the first, second, and third wavelengths, and condenses the phase-changed light onto the first, second and third pixels, respectively. The color separating lens array includes first to third pixel corresponding regions respectively facing the first to third pixels. The first pixel corresponding region includes a plurality of first nanoposts, the second pixel corresponding region includes a plurality of second nanoposts, and the third pixel corresponding region includes a plurality of third nanoposts, a second center nanopost having a greatest cross-sectional width among the second nanoposts overlaps a center of the second pixel, and a third center nanopost having a greatest cross-sectional width among the third nanoposts does not overlap a center of the third pixel.

Abstract: An image sensor includes a sensor substrate including a plurality of unit pixel groups each including a first pixel, a second pixel, a third pixel, and a fourth pixel arranged in a Bayer pattern, and a color separating lens array which separates incident light according to wavelengths and condenses the light on each of the first to fourth pixels, wherein the color separating lens array a plurality of pixel corresponding groups respectively corresponding to the plurality of unit pixel groups, and the plurality of pixel corresponding groups each include first to fourth pixel corresponding regions corresponding to the first to fourth pixels and a plurality of nanoposts. From among the plurality of pixel corresponding groups, relative positional relationships between the nanoposts of the first to fourth pixel corresponding regions in each of the plurality of peripheral groups that are located out of the center of the color separating lens array may be different from each other.

Abstract: An image sensor includes a sensor substrate including a plurality of first pixels for sensing light of a first wavelength band and a plurality of second pixels for sensing light of a second wavelength band that is different from the first wavelength band, a color filter layer on the sensor substrate, and including a plurality of color filters, a planarization layer arranged on the color filter layer, an encapsulation layer arranged on the planarization layer, and a nano-photonic lens array arranged on the encapsulation layer, and including a plurality of nano-structures that are arranged to condense incident light onto the plurality of first pixels and the plurality of second pixels.

Abstract: Provided are an image sensor including a patterned antireflection layer and an electronic apparatus including the image sensor. The image sensor includes a sensor substrate including a plurality of first pixels sensing light having a first wavelength and a plurality of second pixels sensing light having a second wavelength different from the first wavelength, a nano-photonic lens array including a plurality of nanostructures configured to condense an incident light onto the plurality of first pixels and the plurality of second pixels, and an antireflection layer disposed on a light incident surface of the nano-photonic lens array and including a plurality of holes arranged periodically and two-dimensionally, wherein the plurality of holes include a plurality of first holes arranged along a boundary between first and second pixels adjacent to each other and a plurality of second holes disposed to face an inner region of the first pixel or the second pixel.

Abstract: A wearable electronic device may include a frame, a first temple connected to one side of the frame, a second temple connected to an opposite side of the frame, and a camera located in one region of the frame. The camera may include a lens module including at least one meta-lens in which nanostructures are arranged in two dimensions and an image sensor that detects light guided by the lens module.

Abstract: An image sensor includes a sensor substrate including a plurality of pixels for sensing incident light, and a nano-photonic microlens array arranged to face a light incident surface of the sensor substrate, and including a plurality of nano-photonic microlenses for condensing incident light. Each of the plurality of pixels includes a plurality of photosensitive cells that are two-dimensionally arranged in a first direction and a second direction perpendicular to the first direction and are configured to independently sense the incident light, and an isolation for electrically isolating the plurality of photosensitive cells, each of the nano-photonic microlenses includes a plurality of nano-structures that are arranged such that the light transmitting each of the nano-photonic microlenses has a convex phase profile, and the plurality of nano-structures are arranged in the form of a two-dimensional array in a diagonal direction between the first direction and the second direction.

Abstract: An image sensor may include a pixel array including a plurality of two-dimensionally arranged pixels. Each pixel may include a first meta-photodiode absorbing light of a first wavelength band; a second meta-photodiode absorbing light in a second wavelength band; and a third meta-photodiode absorbing light of a third wavelength band, wherein the first meta-photodiode, the second meta-photodiode, and the third meta-photodiode may be arranged in an area having a size less than a diffraction limit. The arrangement form of the first meta-photodiode, the second meta-photodiode, and the third meta-photodiode arranged in the plurality of pixels in a central portion of the pixel array may be the same as the arrangement form of the first meta-photodiode, the second meta-photodiode, and the third meta-photodiode arranged in the plurality of pixels in a periphery of the pixel array.

Abstract: A display device including a meta surface is provided. The display device includes an image provider comprising a spatial light modulator configured to modulate light according to image information, wherein the image provider is configured to provide the light comprising the image information; an optical element configured to focus the light from the image provider; and a meta surface deflector positioned between the image provider and the optical element to deflect the light, and change a deflection direction of the light according to a polarization of the light so that a first position of the light of a first polarization focused by the optical element is different than a second position of the light of a second polarization orthogonal to the first polarization focused by the optical element.

Abstract: Provided is a meta optical device including a plurality of phase modulation regions respectively including a plurality of nanostructures that have shapes and arrangement based on a preset rule, the plurality of phase modulation regions being configured to modulate a phase of incident light of a preset wavelength band, wherein at least two phase modulation regions of the plurality of phase modulation regions have phase modulation ranges in a first direction that are same, and wherein the plurality of nanostructures included in the at least two phase modulation regions have width ranges in the first direction that are different from each other.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides meta-optical elements and image sensors using a meta-pattern and apparatuses including the image sensors. In an embodiment, an image sensor includes a plurality of pixels. Each pixel of the plurality of pixels includes a photoelectric conversion layer including at least one photoelectric conversion element, and a color routing meta-structure layer provided at a position facing the photoelectric conversion layer. The color routing meta-structure layer includes a meta-structure having a symmetrical structure with respect to a center of a corresponding pixel, and a multi-layer structure having a refractive index that varies in a direction perpendicular to a light-incident surface.

Abstract: A meta-optical device includes a plurality of phase modulation areas configured to modulate a phase of an incident light, each of the plurality of phase modulation areas including a plurality of nanostructures having a shape and an arrangement that are determined according to a respective rule set for each of the plurality of phase modulation areas; and a compensation area located between a kth phase modulation area and a (k+1)th phase modulation area adjacent to each other, from among the plurality of phase modulation areas, and including a compensation structure for buffering an effective refractive index change occurring in a boundary area between the kth phase modulation area and the (k+1)th phase modulation area according to respective rules of the kth phase modulation area and the (k+1)th phase modulation area, wherein N is a number of the plurality of phase modulation areas, k and N are natural numbers, and k is equal to or greater than 1 and less than N.

Abstract: A meta-optical device includes a plurality of phase modulation areas configured to modulate a phase of an incident light, each of the plurality of phase modulation areas including a plurality of nanostructures having a shape and an arrangement that are determined according to a respective rule set for each of the plurality of phase modulation areas; and a compensation area located between a kth phase modulation area and a (k+1)th phase modulation area adjacent to each other, from among the plurality of phase modulation areas, and including a compensation structure for buffering an effective refractive index change occurring in a boundary area between the kth phase modulation area and the (k+1)th phase modulation area according to respective rules of the kth phase modulation area and the (k+1)th phase modulation area, wherein N is a number of the plurality of phase modulation areas, k and N are natural numbers, and k is equal to or greater than 1 and less than N.

Abstract: A meta lens assembly includes a first meta lens, a second meta lens arranged on an image side of the first meta lens, and a third meta lens arranged on an image side of the second meta lens, the first meta lens, the second meta lens, and the third meta lens being arranged from an object side of the meta lens assembly to an image side of the meta lens assembly facing an image sensor.

Abstract: An optical sensor includes: a sensor substrate including a plurality of pixels that sense incident light, a filter layer arranged on the sensor substrate and including a plurality of filters corresponding to the plurality of pixels, the plurality of filters transmitting only light of a particular wavelength band, and a nanophotonic microlens array arranged on the filter layer and including a plurality of nanophotonic microlenses, each of which focuses incident light on a corresponding pixel among the plurality of pixels.

Abstract: A meta lens assembly includes a first meta lens, a second meta lens arranged on an image side of the first meta lens, and a third meta lens arranged on an image side of the second meta lens, the first meta lens, the second meta lens, and the third meta lens being arranged from an object side of the meta lens assembly to an image side of the meta lens assembly facing an image sensor.

Abstract: Provided is an image sensor including a color separating lens array and an electronic device including the color sensor. The image sensor includes a sensor substrate including a plurality of first pixels and a plurality of second pixels and having a two-dimensional array of unit pixels including the first pixel and the second pixel; and a color separating lens array configured to concentrate light of a first wavelength on each of the first pixels, and concentrate light of a second wavelength on each of the second pixels, wherein at least one pixel of the unit pixel includes a plurality of light sensing cells for independently sensing light by being electrically separated by a deep trench isolation (DTI) structure, and the color separating lens array includes a nanopost array, which does not include a nanopost provided on the DTI structure.

Abstract: Provided is an image sensor including a metasurface having a light resonance function. The image sensor includes a photoelectric conversion layer, an interlayer material layer on the photoelectric conversion layer, and a single meta pattern layer on the interlayer material layer, wherein the meta pattern layer includes a metasurface, the metasurface having a same phase profile as that of a lens, and the meta pattern layer has a height that causes a resonance at a given wavelength of incident light to block transmission of the given wavelength through the meta pattern layer.

Abstract: An optical sensor including a planar nano-photonic microlens array and an electronic apparatus including the same are provided. The optical sensor may include: a sensor substrate including a plurality of photosensitive cells for sensing light; a filter layer provided on the sensor substrate; and a planar nano-photonic microlens array provided on the filter layer, and including a plurality of planar nano-photonic microlenses, wherein the plurality of planar nano-photonic microlenses are two-dimensionally arranged in a first direction and a second direction that is perpendicular to the first direction, and each of the planar nano-photonic microlenses include nano-structures arranged such that the light transmitting through each of the planar nano-photonic microlenses has a phase profile in which a phase change curve is convex in the first direction and the second direction.

Abstract: An electronic device according to various embodiments disclosed herein may include a lens assembly having a structure in which at least one meta-lens and a spacer member are stacked, and an image sensor assembly attached to one side of the lens assembly to receive light passing through the lens assembly and convert the light into an optical signal. The spacer member may be fixed to one side of the lens assembly between the image sensor assembly and the lens assembly such that a cavity is defined by an inner side surface of the spacer member, a bottom surface of the lens assembly, and a top surface of the image sensor assembly.