Abstract: The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for prevention or treatment of a stress disease and depression, the pharmaceutical composition be safely useable without toxicity and side effects by using an extract of leaves of Vaccinium bracteatum Thunb., which is natural resource of Korea, so that the reduction of manufacturing and production costs and the import substitution and export effects can be expected through the replacement of a raw material for preparation with a plant inhabiting in nature.

Abstract: A system for imposing and managing a penalty for a breach of an advertising contract includes a registration unit to register conditions of the advertising contract and penalty contents related to the conditions, a monitoring unit to monitor a fulfillment of the advertising contract in order to determine whether the penalty is to be applied, and a penalty unit to notify penalty contents related to the breach of the advertising contract when the breach of the advertising contract is recognized.

Abstract: Provided is a compound having a spiro chiral carbon backbone, a stereoisomer thereof, an enantiomer thereof, an in vivo hydrolysable precursor thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The compound having the spiro chiral carbon backbone has excellent osteoblast differentiation activity, mast cell inhibitory activity, and fatty acid synthesis inhibitory activity in the liver. Therefore, the compound can be expected to play an innovative role in treatment of osteoporosis, fatty liver, and obesity.

Abstract: Provided are a novel compound with a spiro chiral carbon backbone, a stereoisomer thereof, an enantiomer thereof, an in vivo hydrolysable precursor thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The novel compound with the spiro chiral carbon backbone has excellent osteoblast differentiation activity, mast cell inhibitory activity, and fatty acid synthesis inhibitory activity in the liver. Therefore, the novel compound can be expected to play an innovative role in treatment of osteoporosis, fatty liver, and obesity.

Abstract: A scanning type inkjet image forming apparatus. The inkjet image forming apparatus includes a printhead having at least one nozzle group having a plurality of nozzles, a driving unit to drive the plurality of nozzles to print an image, and a controller to generate control signals to drive the driving unit so as to drive the nozzles of the at least one nozzle group and to drive the nozzles in a plurality of nozzle blocks time-divisionally, wherein the controller drives the nozzles of the at least one nozzle group and the nozzles of the nozzle blocks in the same direction.

Abstract: A scanning type inkjet image forming apparatus. The inkjet image forming apparatus includes a printhead having at least one nozzle group having a plurality of nozzles, a driving unit to drive the plurality of nozzles to print an image, and a controller to generate control signals to drive the driving unit so as to drive the nozzles of the at least one nozzle group and to drive the nozzles in a plurality of nozzle blocks time-divisionally, wherein the controller drives the nozzles of the at least one nozzle group and the nozzles of the nozzle blocks in the same direction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new, simple, and easy process for preparing cephalosporin antibiotics of the following formula (I), such as ceftazidime and cefixime. The process comprises acylating a 7-amino cephalosporanic acid derivative of the following formula (III) with a crystalline aminothiazole compound of the following formula (II): wherein R1 and R2 are the same or different and independently represent H, a C1-4 alkyl or C3-5 cycloalkyl group, R4 represents acetoxymethyl, methylpyridine, or vinyl, X represents chlorine or bromine, and the acid in the acid addition salt represents an inorganic acid, such as hydrochloric acid, or an organic acid, such as formic acid or acetic acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new, simple, and easy process for preparing cephalosporin antibiotics of the following sub-formulas (I), such as cefixime.